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{{Infobox official post
{{Infobox official post
| post                     = Chairwoman
| post                   = President
| body                     = the [[Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Supreme Soviet]]
| body                   = the<br> Union of Soviet Socialist Republics<br>
| native_name             = {{lang|ru|Председатель Президиума Верховного Совета}}
| native_name             = {{small|{{lang|ru|Председатель Союза Советских Социалистических Республик}}}}
| flag                    = File:Soviet-presidential-standard.png
| insignia                = File:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union (1956–1991).svg
| flagsize                = 150px
| insigniasize            = 100px
| flagborder              =  
| insigniacaption        = {{wp|State Emblem of the Soviet Union}}
| flagcaption              = Standard of the Chairwoman
| insigniaalt            =  
| insignia                = Coat_of_arms_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1956–1991).svg
| flag                    = File:Flag of the Soviet Union (TT).svg
| insigniasize            = 100px
| flagsize                = 125px
| insigniacaption          = State Emblem of the Soviet Union
| flagalt                =
| image                   = Yelena_Mikhailova.jpg
| flagborder              = yes
| imagesize               = 250px
| flagcaption            = {{wp|Flag of the Soviet Union}}
| alt                     =  
| image                   = File:Sabrican Garayev.png
| incumbent               = [[Yelena Mikhailova]]
| imagesize               = 250px
| acting                   =
| alt                     =
| incumbentsince           = 2019
| imagecaption            =  
| department               = [[Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Presidium of the Supreme Soviet]]
| incumbent               = [[Sabrican Garayev]]
| style                   = Miss President<br><small>(informal)</small><br>Her/His {{wp|Excellency}}<br><small>(diplomatic)</small>
| acting                 =  
| member_of                = Presidium of the Supreme Soviet  
| incumbentsince         = 8 April 2024
| reports_to               = Supreme Soviet of the USSR
| department             =  
| residence               = {{wp|Moscow Kremlin}}
| style                   = {{wp|Mr. President (title)|Mr. President}}<br>(informal)<br>{{wp|His Excellency}}<br>(formal)
| appointer               = Supreme Soviet
| type                    = {{wp|Head of state}}
| termlength               = 5 years
| status                  =
| constituting_instrument = 2002 Soviet Constitution
| abbreviation            =
| precursor               = {{wp|Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union}}
| member_of              = [[Central Committee of the CPSU (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Central Committee of the CPSU]]<br>[[Council of Defence of the Soviet Union (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Council of Defence]]<br>[[Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Supreme Soviet]]
| formation                = 17 January, 1938
| reports_to             =  
| first                    = {{wp|Mikhail Kalinin}}
| residence               = {{wp|Kremlin Senate}}, [[Moscow (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Moscow]]
| abbreviation            = Chairwoman of the Presidium
| seat                    =
| unofficial_names         = President of the Soviet Union
| nominator              = [[Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Presidium of the Supreme Soviet]]
| deputy                   = [[Vice-President of the Soviet Union (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Vice-Chairman]]
| appointer               = [[Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Supreme Soviet]]
| appointer_qualified    =
| termlength             = Five years,<br>renewable with no limit
| termlength_qualified    =
| constituting_instrument = [[Library:Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1977)|Constitution of the Soviet Union]]
| precursor               = Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet<br>(1936-1989)
| inaugural              = [[Grigory Romanov (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Grigory Romanov]]
| formation              = {{Start date and age|1989|05|25}}
| first                  =
| last                    =
| abolished              =
| superseded_by          =
| succession              =  
| unofficial_names       =  
| deputy                 = [[President of the Supreme Soviet (TheodoresTomfooleries)|President of the Supreme Soviet]]
| salary                  =
| website                = <!-- {{url|example.com}}-->
| footnotes              =
}}
}}
The Chairwoman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet ({{wp|Russian language|Russian}}: Председатель Президиума Верховного Совета; {{wp|Romanization of Russian|tr.}} ''Pryedsyedatyel' Pryezidiuma Vyerhovnogo Sovyeta'') (Chairman when the office is occupied by a male) is the head of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, the collective Presidency of the [[Soviet Union (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Soviet Union]]. Though not the sole member of the presidency, due to their office's importance of organizing the other 38 members, the Chairwoman is considered by non-Soviet sources to be "the President" of the USSR or the "Head of State of the Soviet Union". The post was established in 1938 after the introduction of the {{wp|1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union|1936 Soviet Constitution}}.
The '''president of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics''' ({{lang-ru|Председатель Союза Советских Социалистических Республик|lit=Chairman of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics}}) is the {{wp|head of state}} of the [[Soviet Union (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Soviet Union]], nominated by the [[Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Presidium of the Supreme Soviet]] and elected by members of the [[Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Supreme Soviet]]. It is constitutionally the highest position in the country, although de-facto its powers are surpassed by the [[General Secretary of the CPSU (TheodoresTomfooleries)|General Secretary of the Communist Party]]. As the head of state, the president represents the Soviet Union both domestically and internationally, directs the activities of the Presidium, and is responsible for the country's defense as a secretary of the [[Council of Defence (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Council of Defence]].
 
By law, the president must be a member of the [[Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Supreme Soviet]]. In practice, since {{wp|Leonid Brezhnev}} in 1977, the position has been held by every succeeding [[General Secretary of the CPSU (TheodoresTomfooleries)|General Secretary]]. The president also serves as a member of the [[Central Committee of the CPSU (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Central Committee of the Communist Party]].
 
The tenure of the presidency is five years and renewable with no term limits.
 
== Powers and duties ==
The powers of the presidency are, according to the constitution, as follows:
* Represent the Soviet Union diplomatically and domestically
* Ensure cooperation between the highest bodies of state power and administration
* Submit to the Supreme Soviet candidates for the posts of Chairman of the [[Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Council of Ministers]], the {{wp|People's Control Commission}}, the [[Supreme Court of the Soviet Union (TheodoresTomfooleries)|Supreme Court]], and the {{wp|Prosecutor General of the Soviet Union|Prosecutor General}}
* Promulgate the laws of the Soviet Union
* Confer military ranks and appoint judges of military tribunals
* Negotiate and sign international treaties of the USSR, accept credence and letters of recall from foreign diplomats and appoint and recall diplomats of the USSR in foreign states and diplomatic organisations
* Confers diplomatic ranks and other special ranks
* Confers orders and medals and honorary titles
* Decides on the admission of citizenship, renunciation and deprivation of citizenship, and the granting of asylum
* Grants pardons
* Declare states of emergency
* Issue general or partial mobilisation orders
 
All of these actions must be taken with the permission and assent of the Presidium, who the President is accountable towards.


{{Navbox Sov}}
{{Navbox Sov}}

Latest revision as of 01:19, 3 September 2024

President of the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Председатель Союза Советских Социалистических Республик
Coat of arms of the Soviet Union (1956–1991).svg
State Emblem of the Soviet Union
Flag of the Soviet Union (TT).svg
Flag of the Soviet Union
Sabrican Garayev.png
Incumbent
Sabrican Garayev
since 8 April 2024
StyleMr. President
(informal)
His Excellency
(formal)
TypeHead of state
Member ofCentral Committee of the CPSU
Council of Defence
Supreme Soviet
ResidenceKremlin Senate, Moscow
NominatorPresidium of the Supreme Soviet
AppointerSupreme Soviet
Term lengthFive years,
renewable with no limit
Constituting instrumentConstitution of the Soviet Union
PrecursorChairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
(1936-1989)
Inaugural holderGrigory Romanov
FormationMay 25, 1989; 35 years ago (1989-05-25)
DeputyPresident of the Supreme Soviet

The president of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Russian: Председатель Союза Советских Социалистических Республик, lit. 'Chairman of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics') is the head of state of the Soviet Union, nominated by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet and elected by members of the Supreme Soviet. It is constitutionally the highest position in the country, although de-facto its powers are surpassed by the General Secretary of the Communist Party. As the head of state, the president represents the Soviet Union both domestically and internationally, directs the activities of the Presidium, and is responsible for the country's defense as a secretary of the Council of Defence.

By law, the president must be a member of the Supreme Soviet. In practice, since Leonid Brezhnev in 1977, the position has been held by every succeeding General Secretary. The president also serves as a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party.

The tenure of the presidency is five years and renewable with no term limits.

Powers and duties

The powers of the presidency are, according to the constitution, as follows:

  • Represent the Soviet Union diplomatically and domestically
  • Ensure cooperation between the highest bodies of state power and administration
  • Submit to the Supreme Soviet candidates for the posts of Chairman of the Council of Ministers, the People's Control Commission, the Supreme Court, and the Prosecutor General
  • Promulgate the laws of the Soviet Union
  • Confer military ranks and appoint judges of military tribunals
  • Negotiate and sign international treaties of the USSR, accept credence and letters of recall from foreign diplomats and appoint and recall diplomats of the USSR in foreign states and diplomatic organisations
  • Confers diplomatic ranks and other special ranks
  • Confers orders and medals and honorary titles
  • Decides on the admission of citizenship, renunciation and deprivation of citizenship, and the granting of asylum
  • Grants pardons
  • Declare states of emergency
  • Issue general or partial mobilisation orders

All of these actions must be taken with the permission and assent of the Presidium, who the President is accountable towards.

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