Lendert Cathedral: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox church | {{Infobox church | ||
|name = Saint Peter's Cathedral | |name = Saint Peter's Cathedral Priory | ||
|fullname = The Cathedral | |fullname = The Cathedral Priory of Saint Peter and Saint Blaise at Lendert | ||
| native_name = ''Ecclesia Cathedralis Sanctorum Petri et Blasii Lendartiensis'' | | native_name = ''Ecclesia Cathedralis Sanctorum Petri et Blasii Lendartiensis'' | ||
| native_name_lang = Latin | | native_name_lang = Latin | ||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
|founded date = | |founded date = | ||
|founder = | |founder = | ||
|dedication = {{wp|St Peter the Apostle|St Peter}} | |dedication = {{wp|St Peter the Apostle|St Peter}} and {{wp|Saint Blaise|St Blaise}} | ||
|dedicated date = | |dedicated date = | ||
|consecrated date = August 1st, 1284 | |consecrated date = August 1st, 1284 | ||
| Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
| label3 = Bishop of Cadell | | label3 = Bishop of Cadell | ||
| data3 = Walter Fitzcolling | | data3 = Walter Fitzcolling | ||
| label4 = Prior | | label4 = Prior | ||
| data4 = Henry Finchen | | data4 = Henry Finchen | ||
| label5 = | | label5 = Dean | ||
| data5 = Matthew Reedman | | data5 = Matthew Reedman | ||
}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''St. Peter's Cathedral''' is a | '''St. Peter's Cathedral Priory''', commonly known as '''St. Peter's Cathedral''', is a priory of the [[Church of Nortend]] in the capital city of [[Lendert-with-Cadell]]. Its formal name is the'''''Ecclesia Cathedralis Sanctorum Petri et Blasii Lendartoniensis''''' or the '''Cathedral Priory of St. Peter and St. Blaise at Lendert''', and consists of the Prior and Convent. The Priory Church, which is also the see of the Lord Bishop of Lendert, bishop of the Diocese of Lendert and Cadell, is dedicated to {{wp|St Peter the Apostle}} and {{wp|Saint Blaise|St Blaise}}. As a monastic cathedral, the Priory's chapter serves as the bishop's chapter, whilst the Bishop of Lendert is also the titular Abbot of Lendert. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
===Abbey=== | ===Abbey=== | ||
The | The church was founded as a {{wp|Benedictine}} abbey in 800 by [[Monarchy of Great Nortend|Æthelfrey]] after the death of his father, [[Hartmold the Great]], who was the first Christian king of [[Great Nortend|Nortend]]. Originally a small house, by 977, records shew that there were forty monks at the Abbey, which had its own daughter priory at Galwick. The increase in population, assisted by generous grants by kings of the [[Monarchy of Great Nortend#House of Mure|House of Mure]] necessitated expansion and rebuilding of the monastic buildings. This began in 930 under the abbot Geselwin after funds were secured from the increasing number of pilgrims to the shrine of St. Blaise, whose relics had passed into the Abbey's possession. | ||
With the new buildings yet unfinished, in 1094, Lendert was [[Lendert-with-Cadell#8th to 11th centuries|besieged]] by invading forces from [[Lorecia]] which severely damaged the abbey buildings and destroyed the nearly completed nave, though the monk's quire and chancel remained mostly intact. The rebuilding of Lendert and Cadell brought skilled stonemasons to the city, who practised in the new Gothic style. Subsequently, when the entire abbey church was rebuilt beginning in 1111, it was mostly in this new Gothic style. | With the new buildings yet unfinished, in 1094, Lendert was [[Lendert-with-Cadell#8th to 11th centuries|besieged]] by invading forces from [[Lorecia]] which severely damaged the abbey buildings and destroyed the nearly completed nave, though the monk's quire and chancel remained mostly intact. The rebuilding of Lendert and Cadell brought skilled stonemasons to the city, who practised in the new Gothic style. Subsequently, when the entire abbey church was rebuilt beginning in 1111, it was mostly in this new Gothic style. | ||
| Line 88: | Line 88: | ||
====Towers==== | ====Towers==== | ||
==Foundation== | ==Foundation== | ||
The | The Priory is a {{wp|Benedictine}} [[Cardican religious houses|religious house]] consisting of the Prior and the Convent of up to fifty monks and brothers. In 2020, there were 33 monks and 12 brothers. The incumbent of the Cathedral Priory is the Prior, who with the Convent (excluding the brothers) acts as its governing corporate body.<ref>''Cf''. in a secular cathedral, where the Archdeacon is Provost and the Dean is ''de facto'' head of the Chapter.</ref> Subordinate to the Prior is the Dean, as well as the other departmental obediencers, including the the Precentor, the Sacristan, the Cellarer, and Porter. Additionally, there are eighteen boys in the choir, who attend the Cathedral Priory School, and a number of singing clerks. | ||
The Cathedral Priory is also the seat of the Lord Bishop of Lendert, who holds the nearby cardinalate of St. John the Baptist, Orse Street, ''in commendam''. He has his cathedra in the Quire of the Abbey with jurisdiction over the Priory as Ordinary of the diocese. The Bishop also has jurisdiction as the Priory's titular Abbot. As Abbot, he formally invests a new Prior with his temporalities and spiritualities whilst sitting in his throne in the Chapter House. | |||
==Liturgy== | ==Liturgy== | ||
{{See also|Cardican Rite}} | {{See also|Cardican Rite}} | ||
The daily liturgies of the Cathedral are served by the | The daily liturgies of the Cathedral are served by the Priory and are conducted according to the [[Cardican Rite]] of the [[Church of Nortend]] as adapted to the monastic use. In the main quire, divine service of Mattins and Vespers are sung daily by the full choir of monks, boys and clerks. Prime, Tierce, Sext, Nones and Compline are sung by the monks only. The Conventual High Mass as customary occurs at noon, and is sung with the full choir. This occurs both at the High Altar, sung by the hebdomadary, and also at the Rood Altar by another hebdomadary before the Rood Screen simultaneously. | ||
Throughout the morning, after Mattins and until the High Mass, there is a steady stream of low masses at the various chapels and side-altars around the Cathedal said by the monks and clergy. | Throughout the morning, after Mattins and until the High Mass, there is a steady stream of low masses at the various chapels and side-altars around the Cathedal said by the monks and clergy. | ||
Revision as of 07:27, 9 May 2021
| Saint Peter's Cathedral Priory | |
|---|---|
| The Cathedral Priory of Saint Peter and Saint Blaise at Lendert | |
Ecclesia Cathedralis Sanctorum Petri et Blasii Lendartiensis | |
 | |
| Location | Lendert-with-Cadell |
| Country | Great Nortend |
| Denomination | Church of Nortend |
| History | |
| Dedication | St Peter and St Blaise |
| Consecrated | August 1st, 1284 |
| Architecture | |
| Functional status | Active |
| Style | Gothic |
| Years built | 1111–1322 |
| Administration | |
| Diocese | Lendert and Cadell |
| Province | Limmes |
| Clergy | |
| Lord Bishop of Lendert | Cardinal Alan Gough |
| Bishop of Cadell | Walter Fitzcolling |
| Prior | Henry Finchen |
| Dean | Matthew Reedman |
St. Peter's Cathedral Priory, commonly known as St. Peter's Cathedral, is a priory of the Church of Nortend in the capital city of Lendert-with-Cadell. Its formal name is theEcclesia Cathedralis Sanctorum Petri et Blasii Lendartoniensis or the Cathedral Priory of St. Peter and St. Blaise at Lendert, and consists of the Prior and Convent. The Priory Church, which is also the see of the Lord Bishop of Lendert, bishop of the Diocese of Lendert and Cadell, is dedicated to St Peter the Apostle and St Blaise. As a monastic cathedral, the Priory's chapter serves as the bishop's chapter, whilst the Bishop of Lendert is also the titular Abbot of Lendert.
History
Abbey
The church was founded as a Benedictine abbey in 800 by Æthelfrey after the death of his father, Hartmold the Great, who was the first Christian king of Nortend. Originally a small house, by 977, records shew that there were forty monks at the Abbey, which had its own daughter priory at Galwick. The increase in population, assisted by generous grants by kings of the House of Mure necessitated expansion and rebuilding of the monastic buildings. This began in 930 under the abbot Geselwin after funds were secured from the increasing number of pilgrims to the shrine of St. Blaise, whose relics had passed into the Abbey's possession.
With the new buildings yet unfinished, in 1094, Lendert was besieged by invading forces from Lorecia which severely damaged the abbey buildings and destroyed the nearly completed nave, though the monk's quire and chancel remained mostly intact. The rebuilding of Lendert and Cadell brought skilled stonemasons to the city, who practised in the new Gothic style. Subsequently, when the entire abbey church was rebuilt beginning in 1111, it was mostly in this new Gothic style.
Elevation to Cathedral
With the increasing wealth and population of Lendert, the Royal Court settled down permanently in Lendert in the early 13th century. Desiring a cathedral in his capital, Eltbold appointed the abbot, Edward de Groive, as Bishop of Lendert in 1284, elevating the abbey into a bishopric by his charter. Though the diocese merged with the diocese of Cadell in 1302 after the death of the Bishop of Cadell, and became the Diocese of Lendert and Cadell, the Bishop of Lendert never became Bishop of Lendart and Cadell for unknown reasons.
Owing to this arrangement, the Lord Bishop of Lendert is also the Abbot of the Lendert. Indeed, this was in practice the case as well for Edward de Groive and the several bishops after him who considered themselves the head of the priory and used the title of abbot in that capacity. However, by the time of the Bishop Thomas de Darton in 1402 at the latest, it had become usual for the prior to take the place as de facto head of the priory, rather than merely the bishop-abbot's deputy. The change meant that the monks voted for their prior rather than have the abbot appoint a prior. However, at their installation, the Bishops of Lendert are still enthroned in the Chapter House as Abbot of Lendert by the Prior.
Schism
In 1514, Alexander I renounced papal authority in Great Nortend, and declared the Church in Nortend an independent church, for the Bishop of Rome “hath no jurisdiction, temporal or spiritual in our Realm”. Daily life at the Cathedral carried on as usual; however, the Lord Bishop of Lendert ... The Convent threatened to refuse to swear the Oath of Supremacy though the Prior and Dean did. They translated their vows of stability to Curching Abbey, where the Prior became Abbot and the Dean the Prior. Alexander I then refused to grant a writ of priore eligendo to permit the Dean and Convent to elect a new Prior. Instead, the Bishop of Lendert, ...
To Present
Architecture
Chancel and Quire
Screen and Organ
The Cathedral Church has a combined rood screen and choir screen, as in common in many southern monastic churches, forming one continuous rood loft, upon which the Rood is erected. It is flanked by figures of the Virgin Mary and John the Baptist. There is a rood altar located at the base of the rood, upon the rood loft.
The Cathedral has two organs. The older Fenvitt Organ, donated by the Earl of Fenvitt, is located under the north arch of the transept whilst the 20th century State Organ is located in the Lady Chapel.
Chapels
The Carolian Lady Chapel was completed in 1433 as the bequest of Charles I as an enlargement of the earlier lady chapel, situated at the eastern end of the chancel, behind the reredos of the High Altar. Six boys and four monks weekly are assigned to sing on rotation from the main choir at the Lady Chapel. Daily Lady Masses in honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary are offered in the Lady Chapel, as well as the Offices of the Lady.
Location on the southern side of the chancel is the chapel and shrine of St. Blaise where relics of the 4th century saint were deposited during the rebuilding of the Abbey. There are also chapels dedicated to the Holy Trinity, St. Paul, St. John the Baptist, St. Michael, St. Andrew, St. Lawrence, St. Lucy, St. Benedict, and St. Silvester.
Towers
Foundation
The Priory is a Benedictine religious house consisting of the Prior and the Convent of up to fifty monks and brothers. In 2020, there were 33 monks and 12 brothers. The incumbent of the Cathedral Priory is the Prior, who with the Convent (excluding the brothers) acts as its governing corporate body.[1] Subordinate to the Prior is the Dean, as well as the other departmental obediencers, including the the Precentor, the Sacristan, the Cellarer, and Porter. Additionally, there are eighteen boys in the choir, who attend the Cathedral Priory School, and a number of singing clerks.
The Cathedral Priory is also the seat of the Lord Bishop of Lendert, who holds the nearby cardinalate of St. John the Baptist, Orse Street, in commendam. He has his cathedra in the Quire of the Abbey with jurisdiction over the Priory as Ordinary of the diocese. The Bishop also has jurisdiction as the Priory's titular Abbot. As Abbot, he formally invests a new Prior with his temporalities and spiritualities whilst sitting in his throne in the Chapter House.
Liturgy
The daily liturgies of the Cathedral are served by the Priory and are conducted according to the Cardican Rite of the Church of Nortend as adapted to the monastic use. In the main quire, divine service of Mattins and Vespers are sung daily by the full choir of monks, boys and clerks. Prime, Tierce, Sext, Nones and Compline are sung by the monks only. The Conventual High Mass as customary occurs at noon, and is sung with the full choir. This occurs both at the High Altar, sung by the hebdomadary, and also at the Rood Altar by another hebdomadary before the Rood Screen simultaneously.
Throughout the morning, after Mattins and until the High Mass, there is a steady stream of low masses at the various chapels and side-altars around the Cathedal said by the monks and clergy.
In the Lady Chapel, Mattins and Vespers of the Lady are said daily by the full Lady choir, immediately after their corresponding ordinary offices are sung. Once a week, usually on a ferial Saturday, the offices will be sung by the full Lady choir, whilst Sext and Compline are sung by the monks only, as for the ordinary services. On ordinary fairs a Lady Mass is sung daily by the full choir.
Members of the public are allowed access to the Cathedral throughout the day and during divine service. However, as in all Cardican churches, they are not ordinarily permitted to pass the Rood Screen and enter the Quire or Chancel, or pass the altar rails of chapels and side-altars.
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 | This page is written in Erbonian English, which has its own spelling conventions (colour, travelled, centre, realise, instal, sobre, shew, artefact), and some terms that are used in it may be different or absent from other varieties of English. |
- ↑ Cf. in a secular cathedral, where the Archdeacon is Provost and the Dean is de facto head of the Chapter.