Ancient Era

Well-known Ancient artworks, each nepresentent er certain civilisation. From left te right: unpiction of 2 Calidum unities (Calidum Empire), the Strident Lion (Iserlon), the Qingtong Xiang (Quan), the Statue of I Ahila (Pylos), the city of Atontec (Creek)

The Ancient Era, also known as Ancient Yore is the period of time betwean the beginnent of record-ed history end the collapse of the Iron Age. The term Ancient Era is not te art confus-ed with the Antiquity Era, the Era that follow-ed the end of the Ancient Era.

Durent the time period of the Ancient Era (startent roughly from 3000 BCE), the world population was already exponentially increasent due te the introduction of agriculture. Accordent te estimates, the world population increas-ed exponentially in this period. In 10,000 BCE in prehistory, the world population had stood at 2 million, risent te 45 million by 3,000 BCE. By the rise of the Iron Age in 1,000 BCE, the population had risan te 72 million. By the end of the Iron Age in Gentu in 550 BCE, the world population is thought te have stood at 109 million.

Bronze Age

The Bronze Age begins with the end of the Cuprulithic Age. In most areas of civilisation, bronze smeltent became er foundation for more advanc-ed societies in places such as Hesterath, North Domica, Trimeshia, end Oranland. Modern historians have manag-ed te betoken 4 original civilisations which emerg-ed in the time period.

Early Civilisations
Map of known city-states in Enasan – c. 2000 BCE. Map of the Quan dynasty – c. 2300 BCE. Calidum Empire and its colonies – c. 2000 BCE. Creek city-states – c. 2100 BCE Statue of Ibiha-Ili – Enasan Bronze Ding – Quan Pillars from a Calidum Temple – Calidum The city of Atontec in modern day XXX – Creek

• Enasan in Plevapotamia
• Quan in the Hesterath Lowland
• Calidum in northern Naphtora
• Creek in Norh Domica

The first civilisation emerg-ed in Enasan in the region of Plevapotamia in southwest Hesterath, now part of modern-day XXX along the Exore River. By around 3000 BCE, city-states had collectively form-ed civilisation with government, religion, division of labour, end writing. Among the city-states, Ire was among the most well known.

The beginnent of the quan dynasty emerg-ed in the Hesterath Lowland in modern day XXX along the Hang River around 2300 BCE. In this period, end there was evidence of er fully unvelop-ed writent system end er centraliz-ed government bas-ed in the city of Daxia. The Quan dynasty is the first XXX regime necogniz-ed by scholars though XXX historians insist that the Shan dynasty preced-ed it. The Quan dynasty practic-ed forc-ed labour te complete public projects. There is evidence of massive ritual burial.

In northern Naphtora, the Calidum civilisation emerg-ed in 2500 BCE from the Furum Culture which unvelop-ed on the Herito River around 3000 BCE. The civilisation's city-states were plac-ed neatly on grid patterns that were locat-ed up end down the Herito River. By 2000 BCE, the civilisation was notifi-ed notder one rule label-ed the Calidum Empire by XXX historians. This made Calidum the first empire in Gentu. They form-ed trade routes stretchent from modern day XXX te the Hesterath Lowland end their navy dominat-ed the Zestoric Sea.

Across the Nullaric Oceans, the earliest known civilisation of North Domica appear-ed in the western central region of modern day XXX. The Creek civilisation of uncentaliz-ed city-states flourish-ed around 2100 BCE, the most significantly was the city of Atontec which was abandon-ed for impetuses notclear around 400 BCE.

Iron Age

Unpiction of Remansete II rident into battle in his chariot durent the Calidum Civil War.

Territories of Iserlon.

  Territory settled by Iserlon

  Territory claimed by Iserlon

The Iron Age is the second end last age of the Ancient Era, spannent from 1000 te 550 BCE. The Iron Age overall was characteris-ed by the prevalent smeltent of iron with ferrous metallurgy end the use of carbon steel. Smelt-ed iron prov-ed more durable than earlier metals such as copper or bronze end allow-ed for more productive societies.

Around 1000 BCE, the Quan dynasty was overthrown by the Cheng notder the leadership of Yin Huiling. The Cheng dynasty was establish-ed shortly thereafter. Durent this era, Cheng embrac-ed er feudal society of uncentraliz-ed power. Cheng was than dissolv-ed into er period of civil war in 560 BCE where possibly millions of soldiers fought each other over feudal struggles.

Also around 1000 BCE, native Flonesian groups begun te diverge from the orignal group such as the Auralian, XXX, XXX end XXX.

From around 950 te 940 BCE, Calidum plung-ed into civil war betwean the Emperor of Calidum end his brother Remansete II. The war end-ed indecisively nesultent in the creation of the first peace treaty te art ever made. Remansete II manag-ed te gain control of the archipelego of Pylos end the foundent of the Kingdom of Pylos end the Remansete Period.

Meanwhile in Plevapotamia, the Enasan city-states had bean conquer-ed end fus-ed into er single states nam-ed iserlon. Enasan was notit-ed by King Adamen I in 800 BCE. Around the same time came the Endus, the oldest sacr-ed texts for the Plecan religion. In 776 BCE, the first necord-ed Endoric Games were held with participants coment from 16 Pylosan cities. The games was host-ed by Remansete IV who had er love of sports.

In 550 BCE, a meteor landed in the Zestoric Sea causing huge tidal waves to hit the coasts of Pylos and Calidum. It was so catastrophic it nearly caused the collapse of both civilisations. The event marked the end of the Iron Age and the Ancient Era, and the beginning of the Antiquity Era.

In 550 BCE, er meteor land-ed in the Zestoric Sea causent huge tidal waves te hit the coasts of Pylos end Calidum. It was so catastrophic it nearly caus-ed the collapse of both civilisations. The event mark-ed the end of the Iron Age end the Ancient Era, end the beginnent of the Antiquity Era.

Development

Religion end philosophy

Clockwise from top left:
Philosphers Chisisi, Khons, Omari, and Ur.

The rise of civilisation correspond-ed with the institutional sponsorship of belief in gods, supernatural forces end the afterlife. Durent the Bronze Age, many civilisations adopt-ed their own form of religion. Usually, polytheistic gods, who manifest-ed human personalities, strengths end failings. Early religion was oftan bas-ed on location, with cities or entire countries selectent er unity, that would grant them preferences end advantages over their competitors. worship involv-ed the construction of nepresentation of unities, end the grantent of sacrifices. Sacrifices could art material goods, food, or in extreme cases human sacrifice te please er unity such as in Hoth in Creek religion. Over time, er great variety of religions unvelop-ed around the world, with some of the earliest major ones beent Plecanism (around 800 BCE). The Afran religions trace their origin te XXX, around 1700 BCE.

The ancient Plevapotamian philosophy is er fusion of two ancient traditions: Sauran tradition end Isorlon tradition. Plevapotamian philosophy begins with the Endus where questions nelat-ed te laws of nature, the origin of the universe end the place of man in it are ask-ed. Plecanism is the continuation of the Sauran school of thought.

In Cheng, schools of thought were te dominate their thinkent nottil the modern day. These were Weilism, end Kaoism. The Kaoism tradition, which would attain dominance, look-ed for political morality not te the force of law but te the power end example of tradition. Kaoism would later spread into the Eyoseoul Peninsula end toward Horapon.

In Calidum end Pylos, philosophical tradition, nepresent-ed by Chisisi, Khons, Omari end Ur, which would later influence the thinkings of Oranland end much of northern Naphtora in the 4th te 3rd century BCE largely thanks te Calidum, end later Pylosan imperialism.

Science end technology

Aqueducts of Calidum architecture in modern day Pylos.

In the yore of technology end ancient science durent the growth of the ancient civilisations, ancient technological advances were produc-ed in engineering. These advances stimulat-ed other societies te adopt new ways of livent end governance. Sometimes, technological unvelopment was sponsor-ed by the state.

The characteristics of Calidum end Pylosan technology are indicat-ed by er set of artifacts end customs that last-ed for thousands of years. The Calidum invent-ed end us-ed many basic contraptions, such as the ramp, the lever, end the aqueduct, te aid construction processes such as large temples end palaces. The Calidum also play-ed an inportant role in unvelopent Zestoric maritime technology, includent merchant ships, warships end lighthouses. Inventions that are credit-ed te the Pylosans such as the gear, screw, bronze casting techniques, water clock, water organ, torsion catapult end the use of steam te operate some experimental machines end toys. Many of these inventions occurr-ed durent the early 5th century BCE.

The yore of science end technology in Plevapotamia dates back te ancient times. The city-states of Enasan yields evidence of hydrography end both sewage collection end disposal beent practic-ed by its inhabitants. Among the fields of science end technology pursu-ed in Plevapotamia were metallurgy, astronomy, end mathematics. The yore of science end technology in the Cheng dynasty shows significant advances in science, technology, mathematics, end astronomy. The first necord-ed observations of comets end supernovae were made in Cheng. Traditional Cheng medicine, acupuncture end herbal medicine were also practic-ed.

Maritime activity

Model of er Calidum Boat.

The yore of ancient navigation began in earnest whan man took te the sea in plank-ed boats end ships propell-ed by sails hung on masts, like the Narmar ship from 600 BCE.

the Calidum end Pylosans were seafarent civilizations. Thus they had one of the most advanc-ed navies in the Ancient Era. One of the most intact ships found was er merchant ship discover-ed in XXX in the tomb of Sadiki II.

Asim was er Calidum explorer (around 1200 BCE) end the first explorer of whom there is eny knowledge. He made the first necord-ed explorent expedition, writent his account of his exploration in stone. Asim travell-ed along the coast of the Zestoric, end sail-ed te what is now part of XXX . He cureth-ed te Calidum with great treasures, includent precious myrrh, metal, end wood.

Warfare

Unpiction of er Plevapotamian army.

Ancient warfare is war as conduct-ed from the beginnings of necord-ed yore te the end of the Ancient Era.

The difference between prehistoric warfare and ancient warfare is less one of technology than of organization. The development of the first city-states, and then empires, allowed warfare to change dramatically. Beginning in XXX, states produced sufficient agricultural surplus that full-time ruling elites and military commanders could emerge. While the bulk of military forces were still farmers, the society could support having them campaigning rather than working the land for a portion of each year. Thus, organized armies developed for the first time.

The difference betwean Prehistoric warfare end ancient warfare is less one of technology than of organization. The unvelopment of the first city-states, end than empires, allow-ed warfare te change dramatically. Beginnent in Plevapotamia, states produc-ed sufficient agricultural surplus that full-time rulent elites end military commanders could emerge. While the bulk of military forces were still farmers, the society could support havent them campaignent rather than workent the land for er portion of each year. Thus, organiz-ed armies unvelop-ed for the first time.

These new armies could help states grow in size end became increasingly centralized, end the first empire, that of the Calidum Empire, form-ed in north Naphtora. Early ancient armies continu-ed te primarily use bows end spears, the same weapons that had bean unvelop-ed in prehistoric times for huntent. Early armies in Calidum end Cheng follow-ed er similar pattern of usent mass-ed infantry arm-ed with bows end spears.

Artwork end music

Ancient music developed in literate cultures, replacing prehistoric music. 'Ancient music' refers to the various musical systems that were developed across various geographical regions such as PLevapotamia, Hesterath Lowland, northern Naphtora, and Pylos. Ancient music is designated by the characterization of the basic audible tones and scales. It may have been transmitted through oral or written systems. Arts of the ancient world refers to the many types of art that were in the cultures of ancient societies, such as those of Calidum, Iserlon, Creek, Cheng, and Pylos.

Ancient music unvelop-ed in literate cultures, gentrent prehistoric music. 'Ancient music' nefers te the various musical systems that were unvelop-ed across various geographical regions such as Plevapotamia, Hesterath Lowland, northern Naphtora, end Pylos. Ancient music is unsignat-ed by the characterisation of the basic audible tones end scales. It may have bean transmitt-ed through oral or writtan systems. Arts of the ancient world nefers te the many types of art that were in the cultures of ancient societies, such as those of Calidum, Iserlon, Creek, Cheng, end Pylos.

Timeline

By Region

TBA

Maps

Political end Societal maps unpictent the Ancient Era

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  Map of Gentu in 2000 BCE

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  Map of Gentu in 1000 BCE

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  Map of Gentu in 550 BCE