2022 Alslandic legislative election: Difference between revisions
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== Result== | == Result== | ||
Turnout at the election stood at 75% which was above the Euclean and national average for elections but down 2% from 2018 which was attributed to dissatisfaction with the choices presented. Political expert Solarian Kukk from the University of Yndyk said about the results were a shift from Alsland's traditional politics which favour stability over populist politics. He said: "Voters have selected new and inexperienced figures who now make up a large percentage of the Senate, there is a real risk that political turmoil and instability could follow in the upcoming years." Kukk also pointed out the apparent senselessness of the threshold rules when pointing out that the [[List of political parties in Alsland|Eenpalu Network]] failed to win seats whilst the [[Green - Alternative Choice]] which won less votes than it was able to win seats due to it's joint list with a minority party. | |||
{{Election results | {{Election results | ||
|image= [[File:Alslandic Folkssenaat layout.svg]] | |image= [[File:Alslandic Folkssenaat layout.svg]] | ||
|party1=[[Liveable Alsland]]|votes1=|seats1=41|sc1=17|color1=# | |party1=[[Liveable Alsland]]|votes1=1241865|seats1=41|sc1=17|color1=#0F8554 | ||
|invalid= | |party2=[[Alslandic Section of the Workers' International|ASAY/TRAS]]|votes2=1221761|seats2=34|sc2=7|color2=#C72F35 | ||
|party3=[[Together for Alsland]]|votes3=972091|seats3=32|sc3=New|color3=#1108D7 | |||
|party4=[[Orange Party]]|votes4=859902|seats4=31|sc4=New|color4=#FF8400 | |||
|party5=[[Humanist Sotirian Union]]|votes5=461727|seats5=15|sc5=-16|color5=#D0793D | |||
|party6=[[National Bloc (Alsland)|National Bloc]]|votes6=445515|seats6=13|sc6=-38|color6=#099AE6 | |||
|party7=[[Progressive Alliance (Alsland)|Progressive Alliance]]|votes7=365750|seats7=10|sc7=-23|color7=#EE222B | |||
|party8=[[Kirenian People's Party]]|votes8=317113|seats8=10|sc8=-1|color8=#872E5C | |||
|party9=[[Social Democratic Workers' Party (Alsland)|SDAP/SDVP]]|votes9=315816|seats9=8|sc9=+8|color9=#C4CF00 | |||
|party10=[[List of political parties in Alsland|Eenpalu Network]]|votes10=236183|seats10=0|sc10=0|color10=#30c3c7 | |||
|party11=[[Green - Alternative Choice]]|votes11=188712|seats11=4|sc11=-2|color11=#0BD02C | |||
|party12=Minority Lists|votes12=39558|seats12=3|sc12=0|color12=#D5D5D5 | |||
|party13=Other|votes13=48637|seats13=0|sc13=0|color13=#9E9E9E | |||
|invalid=96382 | |||
|total_sc=0 | |total_sc=0 | ||
|electorate=8994359 | |electorate=8994359 | ||
|}} | |}} | ||
==Government formation== | ==Government formation== | ||
== See also == | == See also == |
Revision as of 19:53, 6 September 2022
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All 201 seats in the Folkssenaat 101 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Turnout | 6,811,012 (75.73%) (1.98 pp) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Legislative elections were held in Alsland on 5 September 2022 to all 201 members of the Folkssenaat. The incumbent government was defeated in a historic landslide and lost 79 seats in the Senate, the victors of the election were the centrist and localist Liveable Alsland (LA), the populist Together for Alsland (TFA) and the nationalist Orange Party (ORP) who all announced coalition talks with each other shortly after the election.
The election took place in the immediate aftermath of the SYFA spying scandal which was blamed for the sitting government's defeat and the rise of anti-establishment parties. Initial media reactions noted the growth in support for the right-wing Orange Party and the increased fracturing of the centre-left into 3 separate and opposing parties. The previously dominant National Bloc suffered it's worst defeat in history, losing 38 seats and was left with only 15 seats in the Senate, analysts claimed this was due to the ongoing trend of Percederation amongst the Euclean centre-right. The election also saw the left-wing Alslandic Section of the Workers' International (ASAY) suffer it's second worst result in it's history although it improved it's result from 2018 by gaining 7 seats, the results triggered a debate within the party over it's direction and the party's leadership decided to hold a vote on a 'rebrand' after experts said the party suffered as a result of it's historic ties to the far-left as well as ties to other councilist states that had undergone significant political turmoil in recent years such as Champania.
Liveable Alsland were able to recover from their loss in 2018 and emerged as the largest party for the first time although their candidate for Premier Liekele Ykema had announced he would not stand for the position at the election whilst serving as a member of the Euclean Parliament. The party instead opted for an informal agreement with Together for Alsland which meant that Liveable Alsland would support TFA's candidate for Premier, Kairi Sokk and where TFA would relinquish the premiership after 2 years in favour of a Liveable Alsland candidate.
The Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) crossed the 4% federal threshold for representation and as such won seats in the Folkssenaat after they lost representation in 2018. The Humanist Sotirian Union (HSU) lost 16 seats and signalled it's intention to lead a constructive opposition to any future government whilst the party underwent a recovery process. The Green - Alternative Choice (GAK) fell under the 4% threshold but was able to win seats after it formed a joint list with the minority Estmerish Alliance party which won a seat as a minority list, thus qualifying GAK for representation in the Folkssenaat.
After the election Together for Alsland ruled out cooperation with any party that had been in the incumbent government and helped initiate coalition talks between Liveable Alsland and the Orange Party, the leaders of the other parties in this proposal met on 6 September to discuss whether this coalition was feasible. Another coalition between Liveable Alsland, Together and ASAY was also proposed and the leadership of Liveable Alsland sent the party a questionnaire to discuss shared policies and whether a common agenda could be worked out.
Background
The 2018 legislative election had resulted in the end of the Premiership of Liekele Ykema who had been Premier for 8 years prior to the election. The National Bloc, Humanist Sotirian Union, Progressive Alliance and Green - Alternative Choice all made gains at the expense of the previously governing Liveable Alsland and the opposition Alslandic Section of the Workers' International whilst the Kirenian People's Party kept their 11 seats. In the case of the Progressive Alliance it went from 10 seats prior to the election to 35 and became the largest party of the left in Alsland.
Following the election, President Rita Rebane asked Hepke Veltman from the National Bloc to form a coalition. The following negotiations were the longest in Alslandic history and took 4 months whilst Liekele Ykema remained as acting Premier. The negotiations involved all political parties and an agreement was reached between the National Bloc, Progressive Alliance, Humanist Sotirian Union and Green - Alternative Choice to form a coalition which would have a similar composition to the previous government of Liekele Ykema. Veltman became Premier on 27 December 2018 during a special inauguration ceremony and his government was sworn in later that day. During the negotiations Veltman was accused of tax evasion by multiple news sources, Veltman denied the allegations but was granted immunity from prosecution after being sworn in as Premier.
In 2020, Veltman announced his candidacy for the President of Alsland and Rebane announced her retirement from politics. The move was condemned by his coalition partners who argued he was abandoning a position he had been elected to, as such the Progressive Alliance, HSU and Greens all refused to back another National Bloc Premier and instead demanded Finance Minister Ottila Möller from the Progressive Alliance be sworn in as Premier if Veltman stood down, Veltman ultimately agreed to stand down during the campaign and won the Presidential election narrowly. Möller was sworn in as Premier on 25 April, the same day Veltman resigned as Premier and was sworn in as President by Rebane.
On November 31, the Dellish regionalist Maitiid party announced they would be competing in the legislative election after not running in 2018. The party only fielded candidates in the Dellish Community. The Orange Party was founded on 16 July 2021 as a union of right-wing parties opposed to the government, the Party grew rapidly in support amongst dissatisfied National Bloc voters. On 26 January 2022, an opinion poll showed 58% of Alslanders disapproved of Möller's government which was the highest disapproval rating of her government, days later Möller called a vote of no confidence against her own government by resigning, the government won the vote of confidence and Möller was reappointed Premier. The vote of confidence caused a rift between the National Bloc and the other coalition parties after the Bloc's leader Ermnbryht Vrihte called for an early election and a new interim Premier.
Electoral system
All 201 Senators are members of 15 constituencies which represent each Province of Alsland. Senators are elected using the party-list proportional representation, using the Boeri method. A party or list must win 3% of the nationwide popular vote to be eligible to win seats and the seats would be divided by how many votes that list won in each constituency. Regionalist and parties representing specific communities are excluded from this rule and must only win enough votes to qualify for seats in the constituencies they are competing in. The 2022 election will be the last legislative election to use constituencies as Alsland will merge the constituencies into 5 separate constituencies representing each ecommunity.
There is no federally recognised voting age and each community sets it's own voting ages for elections, instead it is precedent to let each Community decide on the voting age for elections. In the Swathish Community and Holsaten Community the voting age is 16 whilst in the Dellish Community and Martish Community the voting age is 18. The Dellish Community also has mandatory voting laws however there are no punishments for failing to vote. All Communities have automatic voter registration and all communities use voting machines to cast ballots 7 of the major parties running wish to establish a Federal voting law to standardise Alsland's voting laws. Voters from abroad can request a ballot via mail from their embassy and these ballots must be returned to the embassy or consulate the day prior to the election.
However the laws regarding candidates are the same across the country, to be eligible to stand for the Folkssenaat a person must be at least 18 years old and have Alslandic citizenship. If a candidate has dual citizenship they are allowed to retain it since 2019, prior to this a candidate would have had to renounce their previous citizenship.
Date
According to the constitution of Alsland, legislative elections must either take place on the first Monday of September 4 years after the last legislative election, or be held on the same day as a Presidential election. Days on which federal elections are held are designated as public holidays as of 2020 to encourage voter turnout. As per the 2017 elections law, this will be the last election to have a fixed date which allows for snap elections following 2022.
Political parties
Nine political parties were represented in the Folkssenaat upon the dissolution of the 26th Folkssenaat.
Name | Ideology | Position | Candidate | 2018 result | Current seats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes (%) | Seats | ||||||
Blok | Liberal conservatism | Centre-right | Ermnbryht Vrihte | 25.7% | 51 / 201
|
51 / 201
| |
PA | Progressivism | Centre-left | Ottila Möller | 18.5% | 35 / 201
|
33 / 201
| |
HSU | Sotirian humanism | Centre to centre-right | Hilda Schaaf | 17.6% | 32 / 201
|
31 / 201
| |
ASAY | Councilism | Left-wing to far-left | Olari Lippmaa | 14.2% | 27 / 201
|
27 / 201
| |
LA | Liberalism | Centre | Liekele Ykema | 12.3% | 24 / 201
|
24 / 201
| |
KRP | Regionalism | Centre-left | Ahto Malk | 6.7% | 11 / 201
|
11 / 201
| |
ORP | Right-wing populism | Right-wing | Elsert Wassenaar | Did not exist | 11 / 201
| ||
GAK | Green politics | Centre-left | Sjearp Groeneveld | 4.8% | 10 / 201
|
6 / 201
| |
TFA | Green liberalism | Centre to centre-right | Kairi Sokk | Did not exist | 6 / 201
|
Pre-dissolution composition
Party | Seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National Bloc | 51 | |||||
Progressive Alliance | 33 | |||||
Humanist Sotirian Union | 31 | |||||
ASAY | 27 | |||||
Liveable Alsland | 24 | |||||
Kirenian People's Party | 11 | |||||
Orange Party | 11 | |||||
Green - Alternative Choice | 6 | |||||
Together for Alsland | 6 | |||||
Independent (Urjo Eenpalu) | 1 |
Campaign
Debates
Alslandic legislative election debates, 2022 | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Date | Channel | Subject | Venue | P Present S Surrogate NI Not invited A Absent invitee INV Invited | ||||||||
31 July | ANS 1 | Climate change debate | ANS Main Studios | P | P | P | P | P | NI | P | P | S |
9 August | ANS 1 | Accountability debate | ANS Main Studios | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
16 August | ANS 1 | Federal debate | ANS Main Studios | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV |
20 August | ANS 1 | Federal debate | ANS Main Studios | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV |
23 August | MRT 1 | Martish debate | MRT Rahu studio | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV |
3 September | ANS 1 | Federal debate | ANS Main Studios | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV | INV |
Opinion polls on Debates
Debate | Tie | None | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
31 July | 9.8 | 12.5 | 14.1 | 5.8 | 7.8 | – | 4.5 | 6.9 | 9.7 | 4.8 | 24.1 |
Issues
There were several key campaign issues throughout the campaign. The most important issue of the campaign for voters was government accountability which was brought to the forefront by the SYFA spying scandal in mid-July which damaged the credibility of the incumbent government.
Constitutional reform also became a major campaign issue after the Alslandic Section of the Workers' International, Green - Alternative Choice, Liveable Alsland and the Progressive Alliance all agreed to hold a constitutional convention to radically reshape Alsland's government. Reasons for the constitutional convention ranged from giving the regions more of a say in politics, making Alslandic politics more proportional and to give voters a bigger say in government policy and to ensure key rights in Alsland such as LGBT rights, gender equality and other anti-discrimination policies were enshrined in the constitution.
Other major issues which became themes of the campaign were:
- Climate change
- Health
- Education
- The Euclean Community
- Immigration
- Security
Party campaigns
Alslandic Section of the Workers' International
Green - Alternative Choice
Humanist Sotirian Union
Kirenian People's Party
Liveable Alsland
National Bloc
Having suffered numerous humiliating election defeats at various regional and local elections the National Bloc had fallen behind other political parties in opinion polls and was forecast to win between 8–12% of the popular vote which would have been the party's worst electoral defeat in it's history. The party was not helped by the disapproval rating of the incumbent government which the National Bloc played a large role as the largest party in the coalition and cabinet. Part of the reason for the National Bloc's decline was because many voters believed the party lacked vision and had lost credibility according to an interview with the party's ex-leader Ạþulf Ġestiġe. The party launched it's manifesto on 31 July and it was criticised by many within the party for failing to acknowledge the party's dire situation in opinion polls. The manifesto also opposed any constitutional reforms and defended the national equality system which had been introduced by the party in the 1960s, the system had been called an abject failure by a Folkssenaat report which listed it as a cause for fuelling separatism and advocated for it's replacement.
The bloc was criticised by other parties for running a negative campaign which focused on attacking other political parties instead of it's own policies. It's campaign was condemned by other politicians for allegedly promoting conspiracy theories and xenophobic sentiment by pointing out Sjearp Groeneveld's immigrant background and Kairi Sokk's former membership of the Gaullican Social Democratic Party. The party refused to pull the ads and instead issued a justification on it's campaign website. The party also spread fears about an ASAY led government. Some activists from the party were filmed on social media telling voters that an ASAY government would raise taxes on the middle class and cause an economic crisis.
Orange Party
Progressive Alliance
The Progressive Alliance launched their manifesto shortly before the SYFA spying scandal emerged and were the initial favourites to win the election. During the SYFA spying scandal the Alliance's credibility was called into question especially after it was revealed the government had known about the scandal days before it was revealed to the public. In response to the scandal Ottila Möller who was the party's candidate for Premier agreed to hold a public investigation into the government's actions during the scandal which was supported by the Alliance's coalition partners.
The Alliance's campaign dedicated much of it's resources to trying to win back public trust in the party and Möller who despite having a high personal approval rating was not one of the main preferred candidates for Premier. Political experts also pointed out the party not receiving the backing from many other Euclean centre-left parties as had happened in previous national elections such as Hennehouwe, Scovern, Estmere and Paretia in 2021. Some experts attributed this to the Socialist Alternative for Euclea not willing to support the Alliance after the SYFA scandal and as the party's position in opinion polls dropped significantly throughout the campaign.
Some of the Alliance's manifesto goals included holding a constitutional convention to write a new constitution and end the national equality system which the Alliance claimed was harming Alslandic federalism. The manifesto also supported trialling free public transport during the next parliamentary term and privatising Alsland's rail network to promote innovation and competition. After initial confusion the Alliance backtracked on the latter policy and said they would keep Alsland's railway operator under government control. The manifesto also changed the Alliance's policy on immigration from outside the Euclean Community which had been criticised as Xenophobic and potentially racist, whilst still favouring controls on immigration it said it would support refugees and help skilled migrants enter the Euclean Community.
Together for Alsland
Unlike other parties, Together for Alsland (TFA) ran an explicitly populist campaign which relied heavily on a massive social media presence which was partially funded by various domestic technology companies which had provided overwhelming support for the party and it's candidate for Premier Kairi Sokk. TFA's backing from these companies as well as it's massive social media presence was credited for it's rapid and unprecendented growth in support in opinion polls, by the end of July it was leading both the Progressive Alliance and Green - Alternative Choice in opinion polls. Sokk's own personal media presence also helped the party's campaign as she became one of the main preferred candidates for Premier. Many members from both the Progressive Alliance and Greens switched their support to TFA in it's early weeks. According to The Yndyk Times the party had also successfully courted many large donors of the Alliance and Greens to support them in the campaign.
A major theme present in Together's campaign was the promise to digitise Alsland's government and introduce forms of e-democracy. The Party's initial party platform also supported holding online referendums on certain issues. Early on in the campaign Sokk promised to create a government department focused exclusively on digitalisation which she claimed could make Alsland a world leader in the technology sector. The party's campaign material also promised to create thousands of new high-paying jobs in the technology sector which would help reduce youth unemployment and economic inequalities between the Swathish Community and the rest of Alsland. Much like other parties it supported a constitutional convention and promised to support creating one within a year of the election.
Negative comparisons between the party and other Euclean populist movements were also drawn primarily by the Progressive Alliance and Greens. One electoral leaflet sent by the Progressive Alliance to voters abroad compared Kairi Sokk to Premier of Paretia Isilda Cerqueira for their shared populist beliefs. The leaflets also drew doubts about Together's financial backers and implied that the party's financial backers would be able to control a Together for Alsland led government. TFA called for the leaflets to be withdrawn and issued a complaint to the Electoral Authority regarding the leaflets.
Together for Alsland formed the Modern Democracy list alongside VOX, Future.as and Alsland21. The joint-list included members from all 4 parties who would be affiliated with Together for Alsland if they were elected to the Senate.
Endorsements
Newspapers and media outlets
Publication | Endorsement | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|
Hjoed | Together for Alsland | The first time the paper backed a party other than the National Bloc | |
The Yndyk Times | Liveable Alsland | Endorsed Liberal reformist candidates | |
Fertsjintwurdiger | Alslandic Section of the Workers' International | Endorsed a broadly left-wing coalition | |
De Telegraaf | Orange Party | Advocated for a populist, accountable government | |
The Neevan Courier | Humanist Sotirian Union | Backed Together for Alsland in the Dellish Community | |
De Finansjele Krante | Liveable Alsland | Urged voters to oppose the Alslandic Section of the Workers' International | |
SRDT | Liveable Alsland | Called for a centrist coalition |
Individuals and organisations
Alslandic Section of the Workers' International
Green - Alternative Choice
Humanist Sotirian Union
Kirenian People's Party
Liveable Alsland
National Bloc
Orange Party
Progressive Alliance
Together for Alsland
Opinion polls
The progression of voting intentions throughout the campaign period ahead of the 2022 Alslandic legislative election. 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Result
Turnout at the election stood at 75% which was above the Euclean and national average for elections but down 2% from 2018 which was attributed to dissatisfaction with the choices presented. Political expert Solarian Kukk from the University of Yndyk said about the results were a shift from Alsland's traditional politics which favour stability over populist politics. He said: "Voters have selected new and inexperienced figures who now make up a large percentage of the Senate, there is a real risk that political turmoil and instability could follow in the upcoming years." Kukk also pointed out the apparent senselessness of the threshold rules when pointing out that the Eenpalu Network failed to win seats whilst the Green - Alternative Choice which won less votes than it was able to win seats due to it's joint list with a minority party.
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liveable Alsland | 1,241,865 | 18.49 | 41 | 17 | |
ASAY/TRAS | 1,221,761 | 18.20 | 34 | 7 | |
Together for Alsland | 972,091 | 14.48 | 32 | New | |
Orange Party | 859,902 | 12.81 | 31 | New | |
Humanist Sotirian Union | 461,727 | 6.88 | 15 | -16 | |
National Bloc | 445,515 | 6.63 | 13 | -38 | |
Progressive Alliance | 365,750 | 5.45 | 10 | -23 | |
Kirenian People's Party | 317,113 | 4.72 | 10 | -1 | |
SDAP/SDVP | 315,816 | 4.70 | 8 | +8 | |
Eenpalu Network | 236,183 | 3.52 | 0 | 0 | |
Green - Alternative Choice | 188,712 | 2.81 | 4 | -2 | |
Minority Lists | 39,558 | 0.59 | 3 | 0 | |
Other | 48,637 | 0.72 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 6,714,630 | 100.00 | 201 | 0 | |
Valid votes | 6,714,630 | 98.58 | |||
Invalid/blank votes | 96,382 | 1.42 | |||
Total votes | 6,811,012 | 100.00 | |||
Registered voters/turnout | 8,994,359 | 75.73 |