Rajyaghar

Kingdom of Rajyaghar राजांचे साम्राज्य
Flag Royal Seal
Motto: "Jai Maharaja" Hail to the King (Estmerish)
Anthem: "Kramākramānē" Step by Step (Estmerish)
Location of Rajyaghar (in navy), within Coius (light blue)
Capital	Kinadica
Largest Metro	Kakeki
Official languages	Matrabashi
Recognised regional languages	Zubadi, Marathi, Sindhi, Assamese
Ethnic groups	51% Sanyukti 26% Pardarian 10% Zubadi 7% Vedaki 2% Uzbeks 4% Other
Religion	Tulyatan (unofficial)
Demonym(s)	Rajyani
Government	Federal, Parliamentary, Constitutional Monarchy
• Maharaja	Krishan VII
• Crown Prince	Prince Akash
• Prime Minister	Madhava Thakur
• Chief Justice	Vishnu Kapadia
Legislature	Shahee Sansad
Significant events & Formation
• Fall of the Rajana Dynasty	815 CE
• Creation of Satria Etruriana	1847 CE
• Independence from Etruria	1946 CE
Area
• Total	833,423 km2 (321,786 sq mi)
• Water (%)	2.5
Population
• 2019 estimate	84,267,147 (11)
• Density	101.1/km2 (261.8/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)	estimate
• Total	1.2 trillion
• Per capita	$14,255
Gini (2019)	42 medium
HDI (2019)	0.693 medium
Currency	Rupee (RHR)
Time zone	UTC-2 (UTC)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy
Driving side	left
Calling code	+52
Internet TLD	.ra

Rajyaghar, officially the Kingdom of Rajyaghar, is a country in the Satrian region of the continent of Coius. Bound by the Acheloian Sea on the East, Rajyaghar shares land borders with XX to the north-east; Ajahadya to the south-east; and Arthakhand to the west.

Humans are thought to have arrived in Rajyaghar over 60,000 years ago with them being predominantly 'hunter-gatherers' which in turn has made the population of the land incredibly diverse. Settlements first began to emerge along the northern coastline and surrounding the Naratha River around 4,000 years ago, slowly evolving into the Ancient Rajyani Civilisations and then into the Naratha River Civilisation by 250 CE. Around this time was when the tulyatan faith began to emerge as well as a shared language and the clan system. Coalescence of communities and early political power gains around the Naratha River Basin resulted in the rise of the Rajana Dynasty in the 3rd Century. The Rajana Period would see the increasing status of women, development of a basic structure to society and a political framework that would last for centuries to come. The Rajana Dynasty would go onto conquer much of what is modern-Rajyaghar until its collapse in the 9th Century into numerous middle kingdoms.

Throughout the Vikasan Era and Age of Sanyukt, the tulyatan faith would continue to dominate the region. The cultural integrity of the region was threatened numerous times during this period, ranging from the irfanic sultanates from the north-east to the Togoti Khaganate from the east in the 1600s. Etruria's arrival in the 19th Century would mark the end of domestic rule and the ushering in of the colonial era. In 1842, Etrurian Crown Rule began and the economy of Rajyaghar was transformed as the middle kingdoms were united into a single unitary colony. Over time, Etruria would introduce technological, educational and societal changes to Rajyaghar, some of which would be continued post-independence. By the time of the Great War, independence movements had begun to emerge, which was noted for its cooperative attitude which became a major factor in peacefully ending Etrurian colonial rule. In 1946 at the conclusion of the Solarian War, independence was granted and modern-Rajyaghar was formed.

Rajyaghar is a fast-growing economy with a rapidly expanding information and technology sector which has moved the economy from being focused on agriculture to an increasingly diverse economy. With these changes, the country has seen a booming middle class which has transformed Rajyaghar into a consumer society. Despite this, due to inadequate infrastructure outside of the major urban areas, misuse of funding and poor management in rural areas, the income inequality in the country has increased significantly since the late 1980s. However, in the last two decades, there have been major government initiatives which have focused on literacy which have increased the literacy rate from 17% to 79% in 2020. This has also resulted in more people moving from the rural areas to the urban cities and towns which has resulted in Rajyaghar having over 10 cities with populations over 2 million people.

A secular, federal, constitutional monarchy since independence in 1946, Rajyaghar has been governed via a democratic parliamentary system. Society itself is highly diverse and unique with the nation being multilingual and ethnic. Rajyaghar ranks highly in military expenditure, which has been criticised due to the lack of funding in other key areas, and it has unresolved territorial disputes with its south-eastern neighbour Ajahadya. The Kingdom is a member of the Community of Nations and a founding member of COMSED.

Etymology

The name "Rajyaghar" is derived from the sanyukti words of "Raja" and "Ghar" meaning King and Home respectively. Translated literally, Rajyaghar means home of the kings and is a reference to the name given to the land that makes up modern day Rajyaghar before colonisation; Rajyamina. 'Rajyamina' translates to land of the kings and the land that made up modern day Rajyaghar was called this due to the dozens of Kingdoms that existed there prior to colonisation. Throughout the colonial period, the kingdoms would be transformed into colonial provinces which retained their monarchs as ceremonial figureheads under the colonial governors.

Modern day Rajyaghar is still considered the land of monarchs due to its form of government (constitutional monarchy) and its federal structure in which all Union States have a ceremonial provincial-monarch who is the descendants of the Union States former Monarchs when the Union States were minor kingdoms before colonisation.

The usual way to refer to a citizen of Rajyaghar is "Rajyani"

History

Main article: History of Rajyaghar

Ancient Rajyaghar

The earliest known records of humans in Rajyaghar was around 65,000 BC with historical records of this era being minimal at best. From 6,000 BC, historical records begin to show evidence of basic structures for residence, the rearing of animals and use of crops for food along the coastline and along major rivers which progressed inland. These areas developed into the ancient rajyani civilisaitons. Due to their relative isolation from one another, the settlements developed independently for thousands of years until around 2,000 BC when there was increased communication between them and trade began to emerge.

From 2000 to 300 BC, the development of the tulyatan faith began to emerge and flourish amongst the ancient rajyani civilisations as did the ancient language of matrabasha. It is also agreed that it was during this period that there was significant Satari-Euclean migration to the region which further led to the development of the matrabasha language and tulyatan faith. Some of this migration also led to small tribes and communities developing deeper inland in the central mountain ranges and the eastern forests. These distant tribes and communities quickly lost contact with those along the coast and rivers.

These Davedara Pillars would be erected in any settlement that belonged to the Jhanda Empire

Dolarbur was an ancient rajyani civilisation which had artificial reservoirs to provide for the locals

It was also during this period that the development of the clan system emerged with various tribes and communities developing unique practices, traditions and rituals and with clear leadership structures. This has been evidenced by some of the archeological findings along the Naratha river and coastline which showed clear signs of chieftan residences in the centre of ancient clan settlements. It was also during this time that a caste system appeared to have developed. On buildings and tools throughout the ancient rajyani civilisations there appear to be symbols which denote an individual or structure's role in society. For example, there is the symbol of the trident which can be found, in one artistic form or another, on the walls of the chieftains homes.

One of the largest areas of development was along the Naratha river, the largest of the Rajyani rivers. The rapid development in this areas was due to the increasing trade occuring between the communities and tribes along the river and the prosperity of their agricultural practices which flourished on the fertile riverbanks. One of these tribes, the Jhanda Clan, swiftly rose to power in the early 500s BCE after several closely situated clans amalgamated into a single entity under Chieftan Anilshah Jhanda. Over the next three centuries, the Jhanda Empire would rapidly expand from its seat on the banks of the Naratha River, to dominate much of the northern coast of modern-Rajyaghar and even extend as far south to the source of the Naratha River in the Pavitra Mountain Range in southern Rajyaghar. The Jhanda Empire's lasting legacy is its spread of the matrabashi language and Tulyatan faith as well as the construction of the "Pathica Rasta" (literally translated as 'spine road'), a major road which stretched from the northernmost tip of the Jhanda Empire to the base of Pavitra Mountain Range. The Pathica Rasta served as a major connector for the smaller clans that fell under the Jhanda Empire and would greatly increase trade, agricultural development and use of the shared matrabasha language and of tulyatan faith. Whilst the Jhanda Empire collapsed in 280 BCE, the continued development of this region along the Naratha River and neighbouring areas would lead to the development of the Naratha River Civilisation by 240 BCE.

Naratha River Civilisation

Tulyatan cave temple found in northern Rajyaghar, constructed in 320 CE. Similar temples are found throughout the Naratha River Civilisation and as far inland as the southern mountain ranges, showing the spread of the tulyatan faith.

Following the collapse of the Jhanda Empire in the 3rd Century BCE, the remnants of the Empire reverted to their pre-empire clan system where small clans would be largely independent of others. However, the trade and societal links created by the Jhanda Empire prevented complete isolation of individual clans. As a result, numerous small clans would be in regular communication with each other and over the course of the next few decades, many would come together for increased security and economic opportunities or due to similar practices, theology and culture. These consolidated entities would develop into kingdoms, empires and republics which would become known as the "Kirokirajyas" (early kingdoms). Due to the shared language, clan system and faith, this period of time and the Kirkoirajyas themselves are known as the Naratha River Civilisation.

The Kirokirajyas would later expand further than the ancient borders of the Jhanda Empire and with them they would take matrabasha language and tulyatan faith as well as their societal constructs such as the clan system and caste system. However, by 300 CE, the caste system would fall out of favour in many of the Kirokirajyas due to the diversification of the employment opportunities as the early kingdoms developed and expanded.

Rajana Period

• 430 – founding of the Rajana Dynasty
• 450 – domination of the Naratha River Civilisations
• 480 – Expansion southwards and eastwards
• 522 – Wars against the invading irfanic tribes
• 555 – Ascension of Shakti as Maharani of Rajana
• 567 – Conquest of the irfanic territories
• 569 – Golden Age of the Rajana Empire - dominance of Rajana over modern-Rajyaghar lands
• 783 – Rise of the Mirza Sultanate in the east
• 786 – Start of the Dynastic War between Mirza and Rajana

Andhara Period

Lalatekadi Fort, the Seat and power centre of the Rajana Dynasty in Kismat

• 800 – Fall of Kismat (Rajana capitol) and murder of the Rajana Dynasty by the Mirza Sultanate
• 812 – Victory over the Mirza Sultanate by Rajana Generals
• 815 – Infighting between the Rajana Generals leads to collapse of the Rajana Empire and emergence of smaller kingdoms
• 816 – Period of total war between these smaller kingdoms
• 948 – Plague spreads across Rajyaghar leading to the collapse of several kingdoms
• 953 – End of the Plague
• 956 – Surviving kingdoms begin a period of conquest against collapsed neighbours

The Parivartana

The Parivartana marked the end of the Andhara Period and saw a transformation, which is where the name comes from, in Rajyani culture. The new age saw a period of enlightenment and advancement throughout Rajyaghar.

Peace sweeps across the land as the new kingdoms settle into their borders and wars come to an end. Period of enlightenment culturally, technologically, religiously and economically.

Vikasan Era

The Vikasan Era was the glory age for the Middle Kingdoms of Rajyaghar. The Era saw the cementation of the multiple middle kingdoms as sovereign states. The era also ushered in an age of war which saw rival kingdoms clash over territories, ideologies and emerging differences in culture. It was in this era that the relations between Tulyatan and Irfanic communities broke down and resulted in multiple wars on religious grounds. Due to the balance of power between the Kingdoms, no one kingdom dominated Rajyaghar.

• 1300 – Rathankot expands northwards, dominating smaller kingdoms
• 1310 – Fearing continued expansion, Sanyukt declares war against Rathankot
• 1310-1410 – Hundred years war between Rathankot and Sanyukt
• 1323 – Sangma Dynasty (Ajahadya) invades southern Rajyani states
• 1345 – Irfanic Sultanates in north-eastern Rajyaghar merge to form the Raulian Confederacy
• 1360 – Rajadom of Harringhata erupts into civil war resulting in it splitting into Rajadom of Harringhata and Kodur Collective
• 1382 – Kodur Collective collapses and is annexed by Harringhata
• 1395 – Mirza Empire splits into Zulmat and Suti Sultanates and Parsa Presidency
• 1410 – Peace Treaty signed between Rathankot and Sanyukt in Bishnupur
• 1427 – Dedha, Mondari and Sasipur form an alliance to repel Sangma Dynasty
• 1439 – Collapse of Sangma dynasty leads to creation of Sangam Rajadom in southern Rajyani led by former Sangma General
• 1450 – Dalar Bewar secedes from Zulmat Sultanate
• 1466 – Sanyukti Empire attempts to expand along entire Rajyani coastline
• 1567 – Zulmat declares war against the Sanyukti Empire
• 1571 – Zulmat surrenders to Sanyukti Empire
• 1580 – Fall of Chanak State to Sanyukti Empire
• 1582 – Rathankot loses control over Pinjar Province and it secedes

Age of Sanyukt

Samudra Palace, seat of power for the Rajana Dynasty in Sanyukt

The Age of Sanyukt quickly brought about an end to the balance of power that existed between the middle kingdoms in the Vikasan Era. After decisive victories in the Coastal War, the Sanyukti Empire dominated north-western Rajyaghar and was able to exercise influence over most of the Tulyatan middle kingdoms. The Age of Sanyukt was a period of fewer conflicts and an era of stability for the Sanyukti Empire which saw no great threat to its supremacy in Rajyaghar.

From the 1770s onwards, Sanyukti dominance across Rajyaghar had resulted in a false sense of security and stability within the leadership of the Empire. Large amounts of the tax revenue collected by imperial authorities were diverted from the navy and army to the construction of monuments and infrastructure which, whilst increasing the size of the economy and culture of the empire, resulted in a weakening of its security. In 1795, the Sanyukti Empire was at the height of its power and, not having the appetite for conquest and having a lack of vision, Emperor Sooraj II summoned the heads of state of the other Rajyani Kingdoms to Kinadica where they signed the 1795 Peace Accords, ending centuries of conflict across Rajyaghar and confirming the borders of the various kingdoms. Following the peace accords, many of the Rajyani kingdoms reduced the sizes of their militaries to focus spending on their infrastructure and economies which further weakened the overall strength of the rajyani kingdoms. As a result, when the United Kingdom of Etruria landed its invasion force in the 1802, the weakened Rajyani Kingdoms were unable to put up any significant defence and the fall of the kingdoms began.

Second Andhara

The Second Andhara (Second Dark Ages) was the period of time between 1802 and the official formation in 1841 of Satria Etruriana; the name given to the Etrurian colony that made up modern day Rajyaghar. The period began in 1802 when an invasion force from Etrurian Colonial Empire landed on the north-western coastline of the Kingdom of Swarupnagar and the Sultanate of Dalar Bewar. Due to the reduction in military spending and size of the Rajyani Kingdoms since the 1795 peace accords, navies had been reduced to merchant protection fleets and so the Swarupnagar navy provided little resistance against the well-tested and battle-hardened navy of Etruria. By 1804, the small Sultanate of Dalar Bewar had fallen and Swarupnagar was engaging in emergency peace talks with the Etrurian Colonial Empire. Fearing a total loss of power, the Maharaja of Swarupnagar signed a treaty of suzerainty with Etruria which saw the Maharaja retain some domestic power. In reality, the Maharaja was King in name only as Imperial officials would dictate to the Maharaja what policies to enact.

The Kings of Kodur and Bhankari signing treaties of suzerainty

Across the Rajyani Kingdoms, many saw the swift invasion of Dalar Bewar and Swarupnagar as a sign of what was to come, and many began to re-arm and expand their militaries. But due to years of dismantling their military infrastructures, many of the kingdoms were unable to recruit enough forces to withstand the invasion forces of the Etrurian Colonial Empire. In central Rajyaghar, the kingdoms rallied their weakened forces in their northern borders in preparation for an Etrurian invasion, not knowing that in 1806, Etruria had signed secret agreements with the Sultanates of Raulia and Zulmat and the Empire of Parsa guaranteeing peace between them and Etruria in return for assistance in the invasion of the central Rajyani Kingdoms. In 1808, Raulia, Zulmat and Parsa, which made up the eastern rajyani states, invaded the central rajyani kingdoms in what became known as “The Great Betrayal”. The unsuspecting rajyani kingdoms were unable to withstand this eastern invasion due to their forces being predominantly in the north. Facing near guaranteed oblivion, the Kingdoms of Kodur and Bhankari, fearing irfanic dominance and suppression of the tulyatan people, signed treaties of suzerainty with Etruria, ending the sultanate invasions.

By 1834, central and northern Rajyaghar was under the control of the Etrurian Colonial Empire either through treaties of suzerainty or through direct occupation. In the west, only the Sanyukti Empire was able to put up any fight against the Etrurian Colonial Empire. From 1826, Sanyukt and Etruria had been engaged in several small skirmishes along their joint land border and at sea. The Sanyukti navy had managed to put up a significant fight but by 1836 the losses were mounting and the Sanyukti navy was unable to create more warships than were being destroyed by Etruria. In 1837, the final straw broke in the Battle of Deshmuk which saw Admiral Nandi's fleet sunk off of the coast of the major trading port of Adramsabad. With no naval force able to defend the Sanyukti coastline from a sea invasion, Sanyukti moral was crushed. The economic strains placed on the Empire was also causing domestic trouble with food shortages affecting the poorest communities. When the Etrurian invasion of the Sanyukti Empire finally came in 1840, the country had been starved economically and was on the brink of civil war itself due to deteriorating conditions, poor morale and a devastated military and economy. In return for a bloodless takeover, Emperor Karan III entered into a suzerainty treaty with Etruria. By 1842, the remaining rajyani kingdoms fell through conquest to the Etrurian Colonial Empire and the colonial era began.

Colonial Era

Extent of the Etrurian Colonial Empire in 1900

Due to the complex nature and divide and conquer tactics of the Etrurian Colonial Empire in their invasion of the rajyani kingdoms, the organisation and governance of the territories was incredibly complex. After a series of riots and protests against Etrurian control throughout 1842-1845, the Etrurian Crown stepped in and ordered the colonial authorities to reorganise the colonies, which operated separately from one another, into a single colony which would become the Satria Etruriana, Etruria’s first colonial possession and becoming known throughout the Etrurian Colonial Empire as the “Colonia Primigenia” (transl. Firstborn colony).

In 1847, new measures were brought into place to create Satria Etruriana, in which a single Governor General, appointed by the Etrurian Crown, would administer the colony. The existing treaties of suzerainty were renegotiated with the rajyani kings and sultans, who were unable to protest due to the military strength of the Etrurian Colonial Empire that had continued to increase since 1842. By 1851, the Rajyani kings and sultans had lost all significant powers as any powers they did retain were simply rubber stamp duties for colonial administrators who were appointed by the Governor-General to oversee the workings of each of the Kings and Sultans. Additionally, the Kings and Sultans were stripped of their titles and instead given the uniform title of 'Prince of the Princely State of [state]'.

The colonial era saw the birth of the 'rajyani' identity as prior to colonisation, there had never been a unified sense of a 'Rajyaghar' land or identity. It was also under the colonial regime that education became more common place with the colonial administration setting up the predecessor to the modern-rayjani education system, namely the mass construction of primary education schools and the establishment of colleges and universities in major cities, not just princely state capitals. Under the colonial regime, the infrastructure within Rajyaghar was vastly enhanced with thousands of miles of rail tracks being laid down throughout the colonial era. The ports were also improved to meet with euclean standards which further enhanced the trade prosperity of the colony. In a short period of time, the colonial economy was transformed, and society had changed from a rural dominated one to a more suburban and urban one. Additionally, under Etrurian rule, vespasian was introduced into the educational curriculum with it becoming the official language of Satria Etruriana. To this day, over 70% of the Rajyani population speak vespasian at a basic level.

Many historians now question the benefits of the infrastructure improvements with some arguing that it was overall beneficial to Rajyaghar and others arguing that it was only created to increase the speed at which natural resources could be taken out of Rajyaghar back to Euclea and to increase the profits of Etrurian companies operating in the territory, not to further the economic growth of the local population.

Path to Independence

The 1900s saw Etrurian dominance over Satria Etruriana face its biggest threat. In 1912, the Khordad Rebellion in Pardaran gave inspiration to independence leaders in Satria Etruriana who sought to overthrow the colonial regime by any means necessary. Since the establishment of the colony in 1847, resentment had continued to foster towards the colonial authorities. This resentment had boiled over in several riots and rebellions in the 1800s, but swift responses from Etruria, coupled with the supposed support of the regime by local rulers due to treaties of suzerainty, had allowed the Etrurian Colonial Empire to maintain dominance. The ever-growing presence of colonial troops on the streets of the major cities had also acted as a deterrent to open hostility towards Etrurian control in Satria Etruriana. However, the Khordad Rebellion changed the perception of many, and open violence erupted out onto the streets of Satria Etruriana.

Alessandro Corazza had been the Governor General of Satria Etruriana since 1905 and had developed a reputation for having an iron fist and not tolerating any dissent within the native population or from its ceremonial princes. Shortly after the Khordad Rebellion in 1912, a similar rebellion was organised by independence leaders in the Colonial Princely State of Chanak. When news reached Corazza that the native Prince, Karansingh III, was secretly diverting funds to the rebel leaders, Corazza had the Prince imprisoned and forced him from the throne. The Prince’s son assumed the throne but was separated from his family and kept under constant supervision by Etrurian officials. The family were also fined millions and almost became bankrupt with the newly installed young prince having to sign a new contract with Corazza which resulted in the Chanak Princely Family being indebted to the Etrurian regime, rendering their capacity to fund rebel groups obsolete as they could now not even afford to maintain their residences. In 1914, Corazza had Karansingh III exiled from Chanak and no further updates were ever given about Karansingh. It is widely believed that Corazza had the former prince executed. To prevent a total collapse of relations between the Etrurian Colonial Empire and the Princes, which was necessary in order to keep the large colony together and remain under Etrurian control, Corazza created the “Consular Senate” in which Princes of the Colonial Princely States would provide an advisory function for the Governor-General.

With hostilities in Euclea growing, the 1920s saw Etruria purge its army of its pro-gaullucian officers to colonial postings in Satria Etruriana. The move de-stablised the colonial army which had been making inroads with Yodha Clans as these clans had provided thousands of men to join colonial regiments in the Etrurian Army, the Corpo di Soldati Ausiliario Satriani. Many of the Yodhi soldiers feared for their futures in the army under the new leadership of these previously unknown to them officers. In 1926, the Great War broke out across Kylaris and with pro-gaullucian officers stationed in Satria Etruriana, the newly installed Governor-General, Gianluca Catalino, feared that the Corpo di Soldati Ausiliario Satriani might soon mutiny against the colonial government and align itself with Gaullica. In a bid to prevent this, at a routine meeting of the Consular Senate, Catalino made a secret agreement with the tulyatan-Princes in which they would ensure the yodhi soldiers would remain loyal to Etruria in return for the assurance that Etruria would allow the establishment of a legislature for Satria Etruria made up of natives on the conclusion of the Great War. To further cement the influence of the Princes over the yodhi troops in the colonial regiments, Catalino made the Prince of Sanyukt, Krishan VI, an Honorary Colonel of the Sanyukti Colonial Mounted Regiment. Catalino haad attempted to reach out to the irfanic-Princes but was deterred from this after discovering intelligence which had found the Princes of Zulmat and Parsa to be in communication with the Gaullucian Government discussing the possible formation of an irfanic colony of Gaullucia. This began to sow distrust between the Etrurian regime and the irfanic communities of Satria Etruriana.

Following Etruria’s entering of the Great War on the side of the Grand Alliance in 1928, the Corpo di Soldati Ausiliario Satriani began its fight in Coius. Tensions continued to escalate between Ajahadya, which had managed to retain independence, and Etruria leading to skirmishes between Ajahadya and Colonial regiments across the border throughout the war. Over the course of the war, Etruria would begin to recall progressively more units from the colonies to mainland Etruria resulting in native Rajyanis filling the gaps in order to defend the colony from Ajahadyan and other Entente threats. At the conclusion of the war in 1935, following the Grand Alliance’s victory, the leadership of several native rajyaanis throughout the war, and the ultimate sacrifice paid by over 800,000 rajyani servicemen wwas honoured by the Etrurian government. Krishan VI, who led several offensives during the war, was bestowed honours and decorations by several Euclean Grand Alliance nations. In 1937, the Etrurian government honoured its pledge to establish a legislative assembly for Satria Etruria, however, the assembly was given nominal powers which began to sow seeds of distrust and resentment amongst the native population.

6 years later, Etruria dragged Kylaris into the Solarian War which saw the Corpo di Soldati Ausiliario Satriani drastically increase in size with edicts coming directly from the newly installed Chief Minister, Field Marshal Maurizio Adriano Galtieri. The edicts involved the force conscription of all males above the age of 18 to enlist in the Corpo di Soldati Ausiliario Satriani. Unlike the Great War, which many native Rajyanis feared would lead to the establishment of irfanic states if the Grand Alliance failed, there was no overwhelming threat against the integrity of the princely colonial states and so support for the war was minimal. With the forced conscription of troops, the native Rajyani population began to openly protest the war leading to swift action from the newly installed Baldassarre Mason, Governor-General of Satria Etruriana. Over the course of the war, thousands of civilians would be executed for their protests against the war and the Corpo di Soldati Ausiliario Satriani would lose hundreds of thousands of Rajyani soldiers on the battlefield. Unlike in the Great War, no promises were made to the Consular Senate in regard to autonomy for Satria Etruriana following the war and many Rajyanis could not justify fighting for Etruria in order to not gain any additional freedom or self-governance. In August 1944, rebellion broke out across Satria Etruriana with many demanding complete autonomy and independence from Etruria. The rebellion was one of many factors that resulted in the collapse of the Etrurian offensive in Satria. However, the rebellion was also met by opposition from some native Rajyanis who had grown up under the colonial regime and had known no other authority than Etruria. Many Rajyanis within the Corpo di Soldati Ausiliario Satriani were also against the rebellion, having benefited greatly from their service and having formed a brotherhood with Etrurian soldiers during the Great War.

By October 1944, Satria Etruriana had collapsed into itself due to the rebellion with Rajyanis fighting amongst themselves. Fearing complete annihilation at the hands of Ajahadya, the Consular Senate held an emergency meeting in Kinadica where the Kinadica Accords were signed. The accords were a compromise between the independence movement and etrurian loyalists, with the accords having four basic principles:

1. Satria Etruriana would continue to fight for Etruria on the condition of independence, as a new nation called Rajyaghar, being granted after the war following a period of Etrurian governance,
2. Satria Etruriana’s borders would revert to the 1847 borders (similar to modern day borders) on the conclusion of the war,
3. The rajyani regiments of the Corpo di Soldati Ausiliario Satriani would be re-organised into the Satria Etruriana Army Group led by Krishan VI immediately,
4. The newly independent Rajyaghar would retain its cultural, economic and military ties with Etruria following independence,

The Accords were agreed to by Governor-General Mason who was facing the prospect of the complete collapse of Satria Etruriana, Etruria’s first-born colony. The approval of the accords quickly saw the rebellion put down with Krishan VI’s popularity, influence and universal respect helping unify the Rajyani establishment with the lower classes shortly following. The new Satria Etruriana Army Group managed to put up significant opposition to the advancing forces of Ajahadya and the Community of Nations Intervention force, however, by May 1946, the army group was being forced back to the coast.

Fearing Ajahadyan dominance over Satria Etruriana, the Consular Senate met again in July 1946 and agreed to seek peace with Community of Nations in return for assured independence from Ajahadya following the war. Etrurian loyalists, angry by what they perceived to be a betrayal of the Consular Senate against the Etrurian motherland, were persuaded that without peace, Satria Etruriana would be overrun and become the possession of Ajahadya. In order to prevent against Ajahadyan influence through politics, to prevent against an irfanic revolution and to ensure preservation of some links with Etruria, the Consular Senate voted to ensure that the newly independent Satria Etruriana would become a constitutional monarchy with Krishan VI as Maharaja of a new “Rajyaghar”.

The devastation and bloodshed inflicted on both sides of the war in Satria led to a speedy conclusion of the peace talks with Rajyani independence being guaranteed. The agreement was the final blow to Etruria in Satria and resulted in the collapse of its Etrurian colonial possessions as Satria Etruriana was the last remaining colonial possession standing in Satria. In October 1946, the Solarian War came to an end with the unconditional surrender of the Etrurian regime and with it, independence was granted to the newly created Kingdom of Rajyaghar.

Post Independence

People’s Party dominated politics for the first decade and it was a combination of centrist ideals run by establishment independence figures. The party slowly began to unravel due to it being too broad of a church in terms of political ideology, ranging from centre-right positions to left-wing positions. This led to its ultimate collapse and split in 1947 into the Cooperative Party (left-wing) and Liberal Party (centrist – centre-right). In this chaos, no party was able to achieve a majority in the 1948 elections which resulted in a liberal party minority government. The party’s failure at governance, mainly due to an attempted take-over by the more conservative wing, led to its collapse in 1950 which resulted in another general election which resulted in yet another hung Shahee Sansad. This time, the Cooperative Party formed a minority government and it fared much better due to less internal divisions and a more united ideology and party leadership.

The Co-op Party was viewed favourably across the nation and, due to ongoing divisions in the liberal party which had weakened it further, took the country to an early election (1952) in which the Co-op party secured an overwhelming majority thus ending almost ten years of deadlock in the Shahee Sansad. The Co-op Party would dominate Rajyani politics for the next 5 years whilst the liberal party haemorrhaged members to the RRP which had been courting the more centre-right liberal party members. In the 1959 election, the RRP overtook the Liberals to become the second largest party.

During the 1950s, religious divisions were also plaguing the nation and the narrative played into the hands of the RRP which labelled itself as a tulyatan party compared to the Co-op party which was strictly secular. This religious association helped bolster support for the RRP in the religiously divided 50s and paved the way for their victory in the 1960 elections. The 1960 victory was also a result of revolutions in Zorasan which struck fear into the tulyatan voters who feared that the pardarian irfanic minority in Rajyaghar would attempt a similar revolution at home.

The Emergency

The fall of Bankari in December 1963 was a major defeat for the Government and would see Ajahadya get uncomfortably deep into central Rajyaghar. Religious tensions were also boiling over into open conflict in the streets with the irfanic minority attempting to seize the opportunity to get several eastern states to secede and form an irfanic republic, similar to those being formed in Zorasan. The war machine was also struggling to prevent another push by Ajahadya into Rajyaghar from Sangam and just about holding onto several counties in the State of Pinjar that it had retaken. The government were aware that they would not be able to prevent a revolution in the eastern states by the irfanic minority with the military still engaged on the eastern front.

On 17th February 1964, large oppossing religious protests in Bagru, Raulia turned violent, resulting in a massacre leaving over a thousand people dead. The day would become known as "Red Monday". The horrific events shocked the nation and the government feared that the nation was on the brink of collapse. The next day, Malhotra would deploy reserve troops to Raulia and granted the police additional authority to attempt to quell any more violence. Martial Law was then imposed on Raulia, Zulmat and Parsa to restrict movement. The 23rd February 1964, would see an escalation in the religious tensions marring the country when Rajaram V, Maharaja of Rajyaghar, was assasinated whilst enroute to the eastern front to provide morale support. The Cutantira Cakti, an irfanic independence milita, claimed responsibility for the assasination. Outraged by the assasination, Malhotra recalled the Shahee Sansad for an emergency meeting that evening and demanded a State of Emergency resolution be passed. Opposition parties, with the exception of the Irfanic Coalition, supported the measure and the resolution was approved within 3 hours. That evening, the Prime Minister met with the new Maharani, Shakti III, sister of the late King, and asked that she declare a nation wide state of emergency which she approved.

Over the next three years, the Prime Minister would impose draconian measures in the eastern states under the guise of 'security, order and safety' for all Rajyanis and for Rajyani culture. The Government also lay the foundation for changes to the educational curriculum, the establishment of a domestic intelligence agency and the reorganisation of the police. Whilst originally very popular, the moves began to gain considerable opposition from within the Prime Minister's own party and in April 1967 the Prime Minister's own cabinet turned against him. Many worried that the Prime Minister's plan for military governors to be installed in the eastern states risked civil war. The Prime Minister was defeated in a vote of no confidence and replaced by a Unity Government. In November 1967, the Maharani formally ended Martial Law and withdrew emergency powers from the office of the Prime Minister.

Modern Era

Following The Emergency, the Co-operative Party and Rajyani Rashtriya Party would become the two dominant political powers in Rajyaghar, with minor parties focusing in specific regions of the country or Union States rather than nationally. Up until 2020, only the Co-op Party and RRP have formed governments, albeit sometimes in coalitions with minor parties, with the Co-op Party occupying the left-wing of the political spectrum and the RRP occupying the right.

Post-Emergency, the country has also seen a revitalisation of its national identity and culture with the Rollywood Film Sector becoming one of the largest in the world. Since the early 2000s, Rajyaghar has also seen a social shift with urban areas becoming more liberal socially. The Co-op party, often regarded as being socially liberal, introduced reforms to society which resulted in the decriminalisation of homosexuality in 2002. On the economic side, the RRP, when in government, has spearheaded economic liberalisation which, since the late 80s, has resulted in the rapid growth of the rajyani economy and significant reduction in unemployment.

Geography

The geography of Rajyaghar is diverse; ranging from the Pavitra Mountain Range which runs from the east down to south-western Rajyaghar, to the Samara desert in the northern Union State of Suti, to the forested Laraca Hills dominating the Union State of Harringhata. In the eastern Union State of Pinjar, the eastern corner of the State is dominated by the tips of the Great Steppe. Due to nature being considered sacred in the Tulyatan faith and nature playing a significant role in Rajyani culture, many of the natural landmarks of Rajyaghar are legally protected with many being National Parks. The diverse geography of Rajyaghar has influenced the development of unique cultures throughout the country.

Kristala River, the source of the Naratha River

Pavitra Mountain Range in southern Rajyaghar

Laraca Hills in central Rajyaghar

Samara Desert in the Union State of Suti

Lām̐gahŏrna beach on the Rajyani coastline

The Rajyani climate is influenced heavily by the Pavitra Mountain Range, Great Steppe and Samara desert. Like much of Satria, the months of March through June are dominated by heavy thunderstorms with these months providing the country with most of its rainfall. From June till late September, the climate is hot and dry before returning to a wet, but still warm season from October till December. From December through to March, the country experiences a drop in temperature and an increase in rainfall before returning to the monsoon season in March.

Wildlife

Dandari Tiger

Rajyaghar is home to a wide variety of wildlife with varying ecosystems ranging from the Suti Desert to the Laraca Hills and Forests to the plains of Zulmat. Due to the significance of nature and wildlife in Rajyani culture and the tulyatan faith, several laws have been enacted throughout modern rajyani history to protect the environment and wildlife of Rajyaghar including: National Parks Act (1958), Endagered Species Act (1997), Hunting Prohibition Act (2005) and Environmental Defence Act (2012). There are several animals which have tremendous cultural significance in Rajyaghar, most notably the Dandari Tiger, Satrian Elephant and Red Panda. Most of the wildlife of Rajyaghar is similar to that, and descendants of those, of other satrian species. Along the Naratha River there are more distinct and unique species specific to this region including the red dotted beetle.

In the Highlands of the Pavitra Mountain Range and Laraca Hills the red panda can be found as well as species such as the Pavitra Marmot whilst in the lowlands of Rathankot and Sanyukt you will find the Satrian Elephant in large numbers. Along the coast, endangered species such as the Mazdan Turtle have made a come back due to government measures banning their hunting and setting up of special zones along areas of beach to allow for the laying of eggs.

Politics and Government

Krishan VII
Maharaja

Madhava Thakur
Prime Minister

Rajyaghar has been a federal, constitutional monarchy since 1953. Whilst the Constitution grants significant powers to the Maharaja, over the decades following independence, much of the power granted to the Maharaja has been exercised by the Prime Minister of Rajyaghar (officially called the Peshwa). The Constitution also set out the creation of an independent judiciary appointed by the Maharaja and a Shahee Sansad which maintained budgetary control. The nation’s executive government is led by the Maharaja who appoints a Peshwa (i.e. Prime Minister) who in turn nominates individuals to the Maharaja to serve as Government Ministers in the executive government, called the Central Union Government. The Peshwa is appointed by the Maharaja and is often the leader of the largest party or coalition in the Shahee Sansad. The legislature is the Shahee Sansad and is a unicameral legislature consisting of a mix of appointed and elected representatives. The Chamber has 450 directly elected single member constituent representatives, 78 appointed representatives (by the Maharaja) and 112 Clan Leaders. Legislation passed by the Shahee Sansad must be granted assent by the Maharaja. A veto cannot be overridden.

There is also a National Council of Rulers which consists of the former Maharajas of the pre-colonial kingdoms of Rajyaghar; who are now granted the title of ‘Prince of the Union State of [union state]’. To distinguish between these Princes of the former kingdoms and the Royal Princes from the reigning family, the former Kingdom princes are called "Union State Princes" and royal princes are "Princes of Rajyaghar". Similarly, Union State Princes have the prefix of "Highness" whereas Royal Princes have the prefix of "Royal Highness". The Council of Rulers is an advisory council to the Maharaja and is often summoned for advice on constitutional crises or other matters of national importance, to provide non-political advice to the Maharaja. During events of national significance, such as the coronation of a new Maharaja, the Council of Rulers plays a key ceremonial role; i.e. at the Durbar following the coronation where all of the Princes pledge allegiance to the new Maharajas.

Government Hill - home to all branches of Government

All branches of government, including the Monarchy, Shahee Sansad, Executive and Supreme Court, are found on Government Hill in the capital of Kinadica.

Government

Rajyaghar is a federation with a parliamentary system governed under the 'Soveriegn Constitution of the Kingdom of Rajyaghar', the supreme legal document. Rajyaghar is a constitutional monarchy and representative democracy, in which the Maharaja "serves to protect Rajyani culture, democracy and sovereignty". Federalism in Rajyaghar is defined as the delegation of authority and responsibility from the Union Government to the Union States of the Kingdom. Rajyaghar's form of government, was traditionally described as 'federal' with a moderate central union government and strong states, but since independence there has been a slow progression from a true 'federal' system to a 'quasi-federal' system in which modern Rajyaghar operates a strong central union government and weak states.

The national government of Rajyaghar is split into three branches with the Maharaja serving as the head of each but, through the constitution, has delegated authority to constitutionally described officers.

• The Executive - Central Union Government - This is the executive arm of the Government of Rajyaghar and is made up of Union Secretaries of State and Union Ministers of State. The Cabinet is the executive committee of the Central Union Government and is led by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is appointed by the Maharaja provided the candidate can command a majority in the Shahee Sansad (legislature). Any of the Union Secretaries and Ministers that hold a portfolio must be a member of the Shahee Sansad in order to ensure parliamentary accountability as the Prime Minister and Cabinet are directly responsible to the Shahee Sansad. Civil servants act as permanent executives and all decisions made by the Cabinet are enacted by the Civil Service.
  
• The Legislature - Shahee Sansad - The Shahee Sansad is the national legislature for the Kingdom of Rajyaghar and is tasked with creating, amending and repealing legislation and laws which are then presented to the Maharaja for assent or veto. The Shahee Sansad is presided over by the Speaker who is nominated by the Shahee Sansad, and then appointed by the Maharaja, and is required to be impartial. The Shahee Sansad consists of 450 members; 300 representing the constituencies of Rajyaghar, 122 leaders of the registered Clans and 78 appointed by the Maharaja. The Constitution grants the Maharaja the right to open and close the Shahee Sansad at their discretion but it does prevent any term of the Shahee Sansad from lasting more than 5 years. This allows for hung parliaments to be dissolved and new parliaments to be elected in order to ensure government work continues. Since 1995, elections have been held regularly every 5 years.
  
• The Judiciary - The Kingdom of Rajyaghar has a multi-tiered independent judiciary consisting of the Supreme Court, headed by the Lord Chief Justice, 28 State High Courts, a large number of Crown Courts and an even larger number of Clan (Civil) and Magistrate (Criminal) Courts. Whilst the Supreme Court is the highest Court in the land, appeals of Supreme Court decisions may be taken up by the Privy Council of Rajyaghar at the discretion of the Maharaja. Justices of the Supreme Court and State High Courts are appointed by the Maharaja on the advice of the Independent Judicial Appointments Commission (IJAC) whilst Crown and Magistrate Court judges are appointed by Union State Princes, on the advice of the IJAC, and Clan Court judges are appointed by Clan leaders.

Administrative Divisions

Rajyaghar is a federal union comprising of 25 Union States and the Capitol District. All of the states and the Capitol District have elected executives and legislatures which follow the Northabbey model of governance ass laid out by the Constitution. In 1978, the Rural Governance Act reorganised the local governments of rural areas on a clan basis. As a result, rural constituencies to the Union State legislatures and national legislature follow clan borders and Clan (civil) and Magistrate (criminal) court jurisdictions match those of clan borders in rural areas.

In 1965, at the beginning of 'The Emergency', the 12th Amendment was added to the Constitution. The amendment grants the Maharaja the explicit right to suspend a Union State's legislature and executive governemnts, either individually or together, and replace them with a Governor and Union State Council appointed by the Maharaja to deal with executive and legislative functions. The amendment states that the Maharaja can only exercise this right on the advice of the Central Union Government and that the Shahee Sansad (national legislature) can overturn this action by a simple majority. The amendment has been invoked multiple times since the emergency in order to deala with hung union state legislatures in times of political crisis. All invocations have been widely supported across party lines as it has now become tradition that the Prime Minister will only ask the Maharaja to invoke the 12th amendment if it is supported by the Shahee Sansad.

Union States of Rajyaghar

Swarupnagar	Nakhtrana	Raulia	Sasipur	Pinjar
Rathankot	Dedha	Chanak	Sanosra	Suti
Kodur	Bhankari	Zulmat	Lakhana	Parsa
Dharana	Mondari	Samara	Sanyukt	Bishnupur
Harringhata	Tarkhana	Bandra	Dalar Bewar	Sangam

Foreign Relations

Foreign Policy

Rajyaghar is a member of the Community of Nations, joining the organisation the same day that the Kingdom became an independent, sovereign nation. Rajyaghar is also a member of the ITO and is a founding member of the Council for Mutual Security and Development(COMSED). The Kingdom of enjoys warm relations with her fellow COMSED member states; with their embassies hosted close to Government Hill in Kinadica as a sign of their diplomatic importance to the Kingdom.

The foreign relations of Rajyaghar are managed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, with His Majesty's Diplomatic Corps being run by the Secretariat of Diplomatic Missions within the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Since independence, the Kingdom has sought to establish an expansive and diverse diplomatic network. In 1981, Rajyaghar, along with Senria, Sivathra and Baekjeong, founded COMSED via the Treaty of Sakata. The main purpose of this for Rajyaghar was to prevent against potential invasion by Ajahadya and Zorasan and establish a collective security arrangement. Since the early 2000s, however, there has been a shift in foreign policy with recent Rajyani Governments seeking to establish warmer ties with Ajahadya.

The nations of Senria, Estmere, Sivathra and Baekjeong are the most favourably viewed countries by the Rajyani people.

Armed Forces

Army personnel conducting drills

His Majesty's Armed Forces is the professional military of the Kingdom of Rajyaghar and is charged with the defence of the Sovereign, the Kingdom and Rajyani interests. The armed forces consist of three branches: The Royal Navy, the Royal Army and the Royal Air Force. HM's Armed Forces are managed by the Ministry of Defence with the National Security Council having control. The supreme commander-in-chief of the armed forces is the Rajyani Sovereign, to which all members of the armed forces swear an oath of allegiance, not to the constitution. The armed forces are an active military force, regularly conducting unilateral operations as well as participating in COMSED operations. At present, the Kingdom does not operate any overseas facilities.

Sarisra Squadron at the mouth of the Naratha River

There are numerous special branches of the military which have unique and distinct mission objectives. Within the Royal Navy, there is "The Aegis" which is a dedicated fleet tasked with defending territorial waters and projecting maritime strength in the Acheloian Sea. The Royal Navy also operates the "Sarisra Squadron" which is a dedicated group of river ships tasked with patrolling the major rivers of Rajyaghar to prevent against smuggling and other illegal activities. The Royal Army maintains the "Marine Commando Group" (MCG), an elite corps within the army which is often tasked with conducting the most difficult of operations. The Royal Air Force operates the "Specialist Paratrooper Service" (SPS) which often works alongside the MCG in difficult operations. The air force alaso operates the "Rajyani Attack Wing" (RAW). In recent years, there have been debates within the Ministry of Defence and the parliamentary Committee on Defence about the possible creation of a fourth branch of the military dedicated to specialist service groups; namely the MCG, SPS and RAW. In 2019, PM Thakur stated his support for a special branch of the armed forces at a passing out ceremony at Amdara Military College.

The Navy is the most senior of the three branches of the military due to its role in Sanyukti history and its cultural significance. The Royal Navy is a green-water navy due to its ability to operate within the nation's own territorial waters and in the wider Acheloian Sea. The current government has sought to further increase the range and operational abilities of the Navy and has awarded contracts for the creation of dedicated helicopter carriers to further project Rajyani military power.

Economy

Kinadica Financial Centre

Rajyaghar is a developing economy which is generally considered to be a middle-income market economy. With a GDP of ₹1.2 trillion in 2019 and is one of the largest economies in Satria. In 2020, the Secretariat of National Statistics revealed that the unemployment rate was 5.8%, a reduction from 2015 where it was 6.7%.

Since independence, successive governments have maintained protectionist policies in order to protect and develop domestic, internal industries such as agriculture and manufacturing. This involved government intervention to prop up major businesses and extensive regulation over certain industries. However, the return to power of the RRP in 1988 saw the RRP usher in a new era of economic liberalism which has dramatically increased economic growth and reduced unemployment in the Rajyaghar. However, some industries still retain heavy government involvement such as agriculture where the national government ensures a minimum price for basic crops to ensure the survival of small farms across the country.

Demographics

Ethno-linguistic groups of Rajyaghar

Ethnic Subgroups of Rajyaghar

  Sanyukti (31%)

  Rathani (21%)

  Harringhati (16%)

  Zubadi (10%)

  Sindhi (9%)

  Zulmati (7%)

  Vijayan (4%)

  Pahera (2%)

Rajyaghar is the third most populous nation in Satria and the 11th most populous country in the world, with a 2019 estimate of 84,267,147 according to the Secretariat of National Statistics, a department of the Ministry of Home Affairs.

The population dramatically increased in the 1970s following the emergency and the beginning of The Revival with this generation becoming known as the naee peedhee. Since the 1990s, government policies have been enacted to encourage families to only have 2 children. Such policies include the limitation of child benefits to households to the first two children only. The number of families with over 2 children has steadily fallen since 2004. Rajyaghar's under 25s make up just over 50% and the over 60s make up 20% of the population. The sex ration was 9 females for 10 males in 2019 and it has been showing an upward trend in the last two decades with the female ratio increasing.

Since the early 2000s, there has been a dramatic increase in urbanisation across Rajyaghar, with many analysts pointing to increased economic opportunities in urban centres and due to increased literacy and improved acceess to educational facilities across the country. In 2020, the SNS published figures which showed that literacy was now at 79% and expected to reach 85% in 2025. There are now also over 10 cities across the country which are each home to over 2 million people.

Religion and Ethnicity

Rajyaghar is home to numerous different ethnicities, with ethnic groups in Rajyaghar being categorised into 4 broad-families based on their language; northern rajyani language family known as the Matrabashi ethnic group, eastern rajyani language family known as the Rajyani-Sangma ethnic group, southern rajyani language family known as the Shrinkala ethnic group, and the south-western rajyani language family known as the Harringhati ethnic group. These language families are a result of historical kingdoms which shaped modern-rajyaghar with the northern rajyani family comprising of the sanyukti, rathani and zulmati ethnicities, whereas the eastern rajyani family comprises of the zebadi and sindhi ethnic groups. In the south-west there is the marathi ethnic group and in the southern rajyaghar there is the Assamese and Bishnupriya Manipuri peoples.

Throughout the country, due to immigration and historical movements of peoples, there are several minor ethnic groups such as the irfanic pardarians predominantly in the eastern union states and euclean peoples in the coastal union states.

Rajyaghar is officially a secular country but it is dominated by the tulyatan faith of which 79% of the population are followers of. This is, in part, due to the significant role of the tulyatan faith throughout rajyanai history with many of the middle and early kingdoms being tulyatan, non-secular, realms which spread the faith during their conquests and expansions. Similarly, throughout its history the country has seen the arrival of many different religions such as the arrival of irfanism with the Togoti Khaganate in medieval Rajyaghar, and the arrival of Sotirianity with the Etrurian Colonial Empire in the 19th Century.

Language

Ability of the Rajyani population to speak a language at a social level (2017)
Matrabashi			89.31%
Vespasian			67.30%
Bhasdilan			26.04%
Sindhi			7.8%
Zubadi			6.9%
Vijayan			2.4%
Paheran			1.2%
Source: Secretariat of National Statistics 2017 Census

The official language of Rajyaghar is Matrabashi, owing to the dominance of the matrabashi speaking middle kingdoms throughout the Vikasan Era and extended history of Rajyaghar. Several regional languages or dialects are spoken throughout the country. Predominant amongst them is !marathi, which is spoken in the south-west of the nation particularly in the Union State of Harringhata. !Sindhi and zebadi, two closely related but distinct languages are recognised as the “second languages” of the south-eastern Union States such as Sangam and Pinjar, with the later having a significantly large !sindhi speaking population.

The ‘borders’ of the language groups throughout Rajyaghar can easily be correlated with the geographic, historical, ethnic and current administrative division boundaries. In the south-east, the Union State of Harringhata is the successor to the historical Kingdom of Harringhata which spoke !marathi, hence the prevalence of !marathi throughout the state. Similar historical relations can be made for all of the language regions of Rajyaghar. Additionally, the Pavitra Mountain Range which runs through southern Rajyaghar acts as a language barrier between the matrabashi states to the north of the mountain range and the various different languages to the south.

Vespasian is widely spoken as a second language throughout Rajyaghar regardless of which Union State you are in and this is due to the influence and impact of the Etrurian Colonial Empire during the 19th and 20th centuries in Rajyaghar. During this colonial period, the Etrurian Colonial Empire enforced an educational curriculum which mandated the teaching of Vespasian in all schools throughout Rajyaghar and the Empire also invested in programmes to teach adults Vespasian. To this day, many pupils are still taught Vespasian in Rajyani schools.

Since independence, a three-language formula has been administered throughout the national educational curriculum:

• First language: Matrabashi
• Second language: Etrurian
• Third language: local language i.e. !sindhi, !marathi or zebadi

Culture

Rajyani culture spans a history of more than 5,000 years dating back to the earliest recorded history of civilisation in Rajyaghar; the Ancient Rajyani Civilisations in 2500 BC. It was during this period that the foundations of tulyatan philosophy, mythology and practice were laid down, with many of these practices and beliefs still existing and playing a dominant role in rajyani society today. It was also during this period that the ancient language of matrabasha was established.

Whilst the country has seen an influx of euclean culture due to its colonial history, there are many aspects of rajyani culture that have remained the same throughout history. One aspect is clothing where, whilst casual euclean clothing has become more popular, items of clothing such as the achkan are still common place and the norm for male clothing, with the sari being the same for women.

Clans

In modern Rajyaghar, the historical clans of the past still have considerable influence. During the Vikasan era, when the Middle Kingdoms of Rajyaghar were being formed, clans retained their clan structures and the new Kingdoms and Empires would become collections of clans rather than merging clans together. In modern Rajyaghar, Clans have become societal groups with people of the same Clan often being from the same religious predisposition and living in the same states and cities. Most Clans have also retained their leading families which has resulted in the leaders of the Clans maintaining incredible influence within Rajyani society. As a result of this, the leaders of all of the recognised clans of Bharatt (78 in total) are granted seats in the Shahee Sansad to represent their members who may be spread across multiple Shahee Sansad elected constituencies.

Throughout Rajyani history, numerous clans would be part of a single Kingdom and as such, no clan would exist in more than one kingdom. When Kingdoms expanded, clans would either gain or lose territory, rather than a part of the territory being part of one kingdom and another being part of another kingdom. There would also be migration of individuals into their new territories or away from lost ones. Clan Leaders would often make up advisory councils for their Kingdom's Maharaja and even in modern day Rajyaghar, Clan Leaders still form advisory councils to the successors of the Maharajas of the Middle Kingdoms; the Union State Princes.