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Every ten years, Statistics Imagua conducts a nationwide census to collect data on each person in order to find out information about the people residing in Imagua and the Assimas, in order for the government to not only find out what the country is populated by, but also redistribute constituency boundaries for the Lesser House of the Imaguan parliament, and determine who would be eligible for certain governmental programmes.

Population

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1821	932,768	—
1831	953,869	+2.3%
1841	973,425	+2.1%
1851	994,526	+2.2%
1861	1,020,591	+2.6%
1871	1,051,624	+3.0%
1881	1,072,668	+2.0%
1891	1,106,623	+3.2%
1901	1,126,834	+1.8%
1911	1,168,789	+3.7%
1921	1,207,346	+3.3%
1931	1,216,412	+0.8%
1941	1,238,467	+1.8%
1951	1,181,390	−4.6%
1961	1,221,840	+3.4%
1971	1,255,057	+2.7%
1981	1,197,131	−4.6%
1991	1,251,588	+4.5%
2001	1,286,463	+2.8%
2011	1,317,613	+2.4%
2021	1,344,679	+2.1%
Source: Estmerish colonial census (1821-1931), Etrurian colonial census (1821-1941), Imaguan census (1941), Imaguan and Assiman census (1951-present)

As of the 2021 census, the population of Imagua and the Assimas is measured to be at 1,344,679 people, making it among the smallest countries in Asteria Superior, albeit compared to the rest of the island nations in the Arucian Sea, Imagua is among the more average in terms of population size.

The population has generally grown slowly, with it generally being attributable to the rates of emigration to either Euclea or to Asteria Superior, especially Eldmark, as to this day, there are not as many jobs in Imagua and the Assimas compared to other countries.

Age distribution

As of the 2011 census, the age distribution of Imagua and the Assimas is arranged thusly:

Age	Females	Males	Total	Percent
100+	5,105	1,702	6,807	0.52%
95-99	12,791	6,394	19,185	1.47%
90-94	18,940	12,626	31,566	2.42%
85-89	27,003	26,563	53,566	4.10%
80-84	29,966	29,869	59,835	4.58%
75-79	34,815	34,630	69,445	5.32%
70-74	38,307	38,278	76,585	5.86%
65-69	41,975	41,958	83,933	6.42%
60-64	41,303	41,282	82,585	6.32%
55-59	45,070	45,059	90,129	6.90%
50-54	45,725	45,722	91,447	7.00%
45-49	48,005	47,998	96,003	7.35%
40-44	49,983	49,983	99,966	7.65%
35-39	46,751	46,744	93,495	7.16%
30-34	44,349	44,347	88,696	6.79%
25-29	48,345	24,368	72,713	5.57%
20-24	35,426	17,713	53,139	4.07%
15-19	24,007	24,010	48,017	3.67%
10-14	15,691	15,713	31,404	2.40%
5-9	14,791	14,793	29,584	2.26%
0-4	14,195	14,210	28,405	2.17%
Total	682,543	623,962	1,306,505	100.00%

Thus, the 2011 census shows that 52.2% of the population, or 682,543 people are female, while 47.8% of the population, or 623,962 people are male. As well, as of 2011, the median age of Imaguans is at 50.96 years, as over half of the population is fifty years or older.

Ethnicity

Two Bahio-Imaguans at a pride parade, 2011

As of the 2021 census, Imagua and the Assimas over 1.3 million inhabitants. The three main groups are the Bahio-Imaguans, comprising around 80% of the population, or 1,072,905 people, the Coian-Imaguans, who comprise around 8% of the population, or 107,285 people, and the Eucleo-Imaguans, which comprise about 7% of the population, or 93,638 people. The remaining 5% of the population, or 70,851 people, are either Senrians, recent immigrants, or native Imaguans.

The Bahio-Imaguans are descendants of slaves brought in from Bahia by the various colonizers which have ruled over the archipelago in the triangle trade. Over the generations, the Bahio-Imaguans developed their own identity separate from their original identities back in Bahia, as they were shaped by the life in Imagua and the Assimas.

The Coian-Imaguans are descendants of gowsas, and to a lesser-extent, Satrian indentured servants who were brought in following the abolition of slavery in the Estmerish Empire in 1795. The Coian population would develop a unique identity separate from their Dezevauni and Kabuese ancestors.

The Euclo-Imaguans are descendants of Euclean settlers. The two largest Euclo-Imaguan groups are Etrurian-Imaguans, who are descended from Etrurian migrants, and comprise around five percent of the national population (59,828 people), and Estmerish-Imaguans, who are descended from Estmerish migrants, who comprise around two percent of the national population (26,554 people). The remainder of the Euclean population (4,587 people) come from a wide variety of ethnic groups, with the most prominent of these being the Emessan and Geatish-descended individuals.

As of the 2021 census, 5% of the population belong to other ethnic groups, mostly deriving from immigrants from both Coius and the Asterias, with the largest immigrant population, the Senrian-Imaguans comprising just 4% of the population, or 52,260 people. Only 0.5% of the population, or 6,532 people, are native Imaguans.

Ethnicity in Imagua is usually considered to be passed down matrilineally, meaning that a light-skinned person can be considered black if their mother is also considered black. On the Assimas Islands, descendants of mixed-race unions are traditionally classified as misto, although since the annexation of the Assimas in the aftermath of the Solarian War, all misto are classified as Bahio-Imaguans.

Languages

The two official languages of Imagua and the Assimas are Estmerish and Etrurian.

As of the 2021 census, around 73% of the population, or 950,153 people, speak Estmerish on a regular basis, while around 23% of the population, or 352,756 people, mostly on the Assimas Islands speaks Etrurian on a regular basis. Only 3,596 people do not use either official language on a regular basis.

However, the most commonly spoken language in Imagua and the Assimas is Western Imaguan Creole, an Geatish-based creole. As of the 2021 census, around 90% of the population, or 1,211,027 people, listed Western Imaguan Creole as their native language. Etrurian is natively spoken by 3.6% of the population, or 47,894 people, while Estmerish is natively spoken by 3% of the population, or 41,386 people.

Other native languages spoken besides Western Imaguan Creole and the official languages include Eastern Imaguan Creole, spoken by 31,392 people, or around 2.3% of the population, Senrian, at 0.6% of the population, or 8,838 people, and Gaullican, at 0.24% of the population, or 3,205 people, with 930 people speaking other languages.

Religion

Saint David's Church, 2014

The most predominant religion in Imagua and the Assimas is Sotirianity, with 92% of the Imaguan population, or 1,237,105 people reporting that they adhere to some form of Sotirianity as of the 2021 census.

The largest sects of Sotirianity in Imagua and the Assimas are the Solarian Catholics, comprising around 41% of the population, or 551,318 people. After the Solarian Catholic Church, around 31% of the population, or 416,851 people, adhere to the Embrian Communion, followed by 14% being Gospelites, or 188,255 people. The remainder of the Sotirian population, at 80,681 people, or 6% of the national population, follow other denominations, such as the Episemialist Church, the Brethren Church, the Church of Caldia, and smaller Amendist sects.

Of the remaining eight percent of the Imaguan population who are not Sotirians, three percent of the population, or 40,340 people, are irreligious. Another three percent of the Imaguan population, or 40,329 people, are adherents to Badi, one percent of the population, or 13,548 people follow Tenkyou, and the remaining one percent of the population are split among other religions, with the most predominant of these being Ashram, Zohism, and Irfan.

Urbanization

As of the 2021 census, 1,228,115 people, or around 94% of the population live in urban areas, defined by the national government as an "incorporated settlement" with a density of more than five hundred people per square kilometer, and a population of more than 1,000 people. Of those, 667,542 people, or under 49% of the population live in the ten largest settlements alone, while 828,704 people, or nearly 62% of the population live in the twenty largest settlements.

The largest metropolitan area is the Cuanstad metropolitan area, with 592,271 people, or around 44% of the nation's population living in the metropolitan area, with the next largest, San Pietro only having a population of 229,462 people, or around 17% of the national population.