Justicial State

State & overseas territory legislatures

Greater Morwall

Government (47)
  Social Democratic and Co-operative Party (47)
Supported by (5)
  Estmerish Section of the Workers' International (4)
  Hope Not Hate (1)
Opposition (49)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (18)
  Reform Party (7)
  Greens (6)
  Vox Estmere (6)
  Residents' Assocation (6)
  future.es (3)
  Estmere First (2)
  Reason Party (1)

Flurland

Government (158)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (158)
Opposition (155)
  Social Democratic and Co-operative Party (60)
  Reform Party (21)
  Greens (21)
  Estmere First (15)
  Liberty Party (12)
  Vox Estmere (10)
  Independents (10)
  Estmerish Section of the Workers' International (3)
  Flurian Language League (3)

Wealdland

Government (188)
  Social Democratic and Co-operative Party (137)
  Party of the Swathish (51)
Supported by (6)
  Aldman Democratic Alliance (6)
Opposition (161)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (106)
  Reform Party (23)
  Estmerish Section of the Workers' International (11)
  Greens (10)
  Estmere First (9)
  Hope Not Hate (2)

Kingsport

Government (32)
  Kingsport Socialist Co-operative Party (17)
  Kingsport Alliance for Change (9)
  The Kingsport Alternative (6)
Opposition (23)
  Kingsport United (13)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (8)
  Kabuese Section of the Workers' International (2)

St Roberts and Fleming

Government (30)
  Sotirian Social Democratic Party (30)
Supported by (4)
  Integration with Estmere Party (4)
Opposition (33)
  Social Democratic Liberation Party (19)
  Social Liberal Democratic Party (12)
  St Roberts and Fleming Section of the Workers' International (2)

List of Estmerish governments

	President	Head of government		Governing parties				Government
1938	Wolfgar Godfredson		Lawrence Montgomerie	SPP	NDP	ULP	RR	Montgomerie ministry
1939			Hugo Gilbert	SPP	NDP	ULP	RR	Gilbert ministry
1941				SPP		NDP	RR
1941			Vincent Holmes	SDCP				First Holmes ministry
1945				SDCP		RL	ESWI	Second Holmes ministry
1949			Richard Moore					Moore ministry
1949			Theodore Spencer	SPP		NDP		First Spencer ministry
1953	Louis de Neville		Fabian Young	SDCP		ULP	RL	Young ministry
1955			Theodore Spencer	SPP		NDP		Second Spencer ministry
1959								Third Spencer ministry
1960				SDU
1961			Guian FitzHubert					First FitzHubert ministry
1963	Anthony Atkinson			SDU		ULP		Second FitzHubert ministry
1965			Harry Hamilton					Harry Hamilton ministry
1966			Isaac Mosset	SDU		RR		First Mosset ministry
1967			Kenneth Lawson	SDCP	ULP	ESWI	RL	First Lawson ministry
1968	Milo Morris
1971				SDCP (minority)				Second Lawson ministry
1972			William Prentice					Prentice ministry
1973			David Armstrong					First Armstrong ministry
1973				SDCP		ULP	RL	Second Armstrong ministry
1976			Isaac Mosset	SDU (caretaker)				Second Mosset ministry
1977				SDU (minority)				Third Mosset ministry
1978	Rufus Wilson
1980			Michael Lowe					Lowe ministry
1981			Robert Reynolds	Reform				First Reynolds ministry
1983	Calvin Wright
1984				Reform (minority)				Second Reynolds ministry
1988								Third Reynolds ministry
1990			Melissa Smith					Smith ministry
1992			Charles Phillips	SDU (minority)				First Phillips ministry
1993	David Russell
1996								Second Phillips ministry
1997			Richard Hamilton	SDU		EF		Richard Hamilton ministry
1998			John Stephenson	SDU (minority)				Stephenson ministry
1999			Heidi Reid	Reform (minority)				First Reid ministry
2003	Toby Brown			Reform		SDCP		Second Reid ministry
2005				Reform (minority)				Third Reid ministry
2007				Reform		SDU		Fourth Reid ministry
2008	Alice Roberts		Daniel Hawkins					First Hawkins ministry
2008				Reform (minority)				Second Hawkins ministry
2012			Matthew Dawson	SDU (minority)				First Dawson ministry
2015			Alan Baskerville					Baskerville interim ministry
2016			Richard Graham					First Graham ministry
2016				SDU		Reform		Second Graham ministry
2018			Reginald Wilton-Smyth					First Wilton-Smyth ministry
2018								Second Wilton-Smyth ministry
2021			Zoe Halivar	SDCP (minority)				Halivar ministry

1982 Shoreham by-election

Shoreham by-election

11 July 1982
Shoreham parliamentary seat
First party Second party   Candidate Harry Peterson Andrew Times Party Greens Reform Popular vote 10,522 6,410 Percentage 34.8% 21.2% Swing 32.9% 18.0%   Third party Fourth party   Candidate Gregory Houchingdon Anthony Burgess Party SDU SDCP Popular vote 6,289 5,261 Percentage 20.8% 17.4% Swing 20.9% 1.7%
MP before election David Johnson Sotirian Democratic Union Subsequent MP Harry Peterson Greens

A Shoreham by-election was held on 11 July 1982. The by-election was caused by the death of David Johnson on 7 May 1982, who had been elected on behalf of the Sotirian Democratic Union as the Member of Parliament for Shoreham less than a year prior.

The seat was traditionally an SDU-Radical Liberal (and later Reform Party) marginal, but the approval of a new nuclear power plant near the seat (approved by the previous SDU government and upheld by the new Reform government) majorly shifted the balance of power in the seat. The local anti-nuclear movement became a major factor, and the power plant itself became a major issue in the campaign. The Greens were able to flex their anti-nuclear credentials and act as a protest vote for both liberal and conservative voters in the seat.

The by-election was notable in that it saw the Greens win their first parliamentary constituency, catapulting them from extra-parliamentary opposition. The result was an embarassment for the SDU, and to a lesser extent to the governing Reform Party. The power plant's construction was paused indefinitely, and the seat was ultimately gained by the Reform Party in the next election, with the Greens in fourth place.

Results

Shoreham by-election, 1982

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Greens	Harry Peterson	10,522	34.8	+ 32.9
	Reform	Andrew Times	6,410	21.2	- 18.0
	SDU	Gregory Houchingdon	6,289	20.8	- 20.9
	SDCP	Anthony Burgess	5,261	17.4	+ 1.7
Majority			0,000	0.0	- 0.0
Turnout			30,236	00.0	+ 0.0
	Greens gain from Sotirian Democratic Union		Swing

10,522 34.8% 6,410 21.2% 6,289 20.8% 5,261 17.4% 1,754 5.8%

41.7% 39.2% 15.7% 1.9% 1.5%

Education in Estmere

Age	Compulsorary?	Year	School			Division	Final exam
3 to 4	No	Nursery					None
4 to 5	Yes	Preparatory	Primary			Infant
5 to 6		Year 1
6 to 7		Year 2					Basic Comprehension Exams
7 to 8		Year 3				Junior	None
8 to 9		Year 4
9 to 10		Year 5
10 to 11		Year 6					Advanced Comprehension Exams Eleven+
11 to 12		Year 7	Comprehensive	Grammar	Technical	Lower senior	None
12 to 13		Year 8
13 to 14		Year 9
14 to 15		Year 10				Upper senior
15 to 16		Year 11					Basic Certificates	Vocational Qualifications Level 1
16 to 17	No	Year 12	College			Lower collegiate	None
17 to 18		Year 13				Upper collegiate	Advanced Certificates	Vocational Qualifications Level 2

Alte Bruderschaft

Weranian Premier Otto von Hößlin (left) with former Estmerish Prime Minister Reginald Wilton-Smyth in 2018. Wilton-Smyth and von Hößlin were seen as particularly committed to the Alte Bruderschaft.

The Alte Bruderschaft (Estmerish: Old Brotherhood) is a term often used to describe the special relationship between Estmere and Werania, in the form of the close culutral, diplomatic, economic, political and military relations that the two nations share. Both countries share a historic relationship, and the two have shared an alliance in one form or another since Weranian Unification; as such, the two have participated jointly in a number of conflicts, such as the War of the Triple Alliance, the Great War, the Solarian War, the Kirenian-Weranian War and the Tsabaran Civil War.

The term was first coined by Weranian foreign minister Adolf Ritter von Kral in 1883, following the peaceful resolution of the Lake Edward dispute. It was used more broadly in the run up to the Great War The term has subsequently been used by leaders and commentators from both countries.

Historically, the bruderschaft has greatly influenced Euclea. Starting with Estmerish support for the unification of Werania, the relationship and alliance between the two countries would later serve as the primary anchor around which the Grand Alliance was built. The relationship was instrumental in Werania's accession to the Euclean Community, and within the EC the two countries have repeatedly acted together for their mutual interest.

The strength of the Alte Bruderschaft has fluctuated over time, and its political component is seen as dependent on the leadership of the two countries. There have been a number of particularly close relationships among the heads of government of the two countries, such as between Viktor Beer-Hofmann and Fabian Young, between Ludolf Ostermann and Robert Reynolds, between Heidi Reid and Rasa Šimonytė, and recently between Reginald Wilton-Smyth and Otto von Hößlin. Critics have disputed the extent of the Bruderschaft, particularly in terms of its political, diplomatic and military aspects.

Name and terminology

Weranian foreign minister Adolf Ritter von Kral made the first recorded use of the term in 1883, in conversation with the Estmerish ambassador and the Weranian press. This was following the conclusion of the Lake Edward dispute, in which Werania and Estmere peacefully resolved a colonial border crisis. Von Kral hailed the Alte Bruderschaft that the two nations shared. He made note of the shared history and culture of the two countries, commenting on the mutual influences on each nation's cuisine, culture and political systems. After it's use by von Kral, the term became widely used in both Estmere and Werania, and has been used by leaders and commentators from both countries since.

History

Relationships of the Alte Bruderschaft

Duration	Prime Minister	Premier
1934–1937	Godfredson	Röttgen
1937–1938	Godfredson	von Pittermann
1938–1939	Montgomerie	von Pittermann
1939	Montgomerie	Nischwitz
1939–1941	Gilbert	Nischwitz
1941	Gilbert	zu Kolbenheyer
1941–1944	Holmes	zu Kolbenheyer
1941–1949	Holmes	Rössler
1949	Moore	Rössler
1949–1950	Spencer	Rössler
1950	Spencer	von Günther
1950–1953	Spencer	Beer-Hofmann
1953–1955	Young	Beer-Hofmann
1955	Young	Vogel
1955–1960	Spencer	Vogel
1960–1961	Spencer	Stahl
1961–1963	FitzHubert	Stahl
1963–1965	Hamilton	Wiefelspütz
1965–1966	Hamilton	Wiefelspütz
1966	Mosset	Wiefelspütz
1966–1967	Mosset	von Münstermann
1967–1969	Lawson	von Münstermann
1969–1972	Lawson	Welskopf-Henrich
1972	Lawson	Wiefelspütz
1972–1973	Prentice	Wiefelspütz
1973–1975	Armstrong	Wiefelspütz
1975–1976	Armstrong	Zollitsch
1976–1980	Mosset	Zollitsch
1980	Mosset	Vinkauskas
1980–1981	Lowe	Vinkauskas
1981–1984	Reynolds	Vinkauskas
1984–1990	Reynolds	Ostermann
1990–1992	Smith	Ostermann
1992–1993	Phillips	Ostermann
1993–1997	Phillips	Löscher
1997–1998	Hamilton	Löscher
1998–1999	Stephenson	Löscher
1999	Stephenson	Šimonytė
1999–2008	Reid	Šimonytė
2008–2009	Hawkins	Šimonytė
2009–2011	Hawkins	Wittmann
2011–2012	Hawkins	Koopmann
2012–2013	Dawson	Koopmann
2013–2015	Dawson	Oberhauser
2015–2016	Baskerville	Oberhauser
2016–2018	Graham	Oberhauser
2018	Graham	Felder
2018–2019	Wilton-Smyth	Felder
2019–2021	Wilton-Smyth	von Hößlin
2021	Halivar	von Hößlin

Parliament of Estmere

Parliament of Estmere Folkmoot of Eastmarchon Parlement d'Estme
25th Parliament
Type
Type	Bicameral
Chambers	Chamber of Peers Chamber of Commons
History
Founded	June 13, 1938 (1938-06-13)
Preceded by	Constitutional Assembly
Leadership
President	Alice Roberts, Independent since 9 August 2008
Speaker of the Peers	Dominic Penderghast, Non-partisan since 30 May 2013
Speaker of the Commons	Lesley Lewin, Non-partisan since 16 June 2018
Prime Minister	Zoe Halivar, SDCP since 3 June 2021
Leader of the Opposition	Reginald Wilton-Smyth, SDU since 3 June 2021
Structure
Seats	900 300 (Peers) 600 (Commons)
Chamber of Peers political groups	Government (76)   SDCP (76) Supported by (10)   Greens (6)   ESWI (4) Crossbenchers (100)   Crossbenchers (100) Official opposition (60)   SDU (60) Other opposition (54)   Reform (42)   PS (12)
File:2021 Estmere Parliament.svg
Chamber of Commons political groups	Government (253)   SDCP (253) Supported by (78)   Greens (40)   ESWI (21)   Vox Estmere (10)   future.es (7) Official opposition (199)   SDU (199) Other opposition (70)   Reform (44)   SCCA (14)   PS (10)   ADA (2)
Elections
Chamber of Commons voting system	Additional member system
Last election	27 May 2021
Next election	On or before 26 May 2025
Meeting place
Parliament Building City of Morwall, Greater Morwall Commonwealth of Estmere
Website
parliament.gov.es

The Parliament of Estmere (Swathish: Folkmoot of Eastmarchon, Flurian: Parlement d'Estme) is the supreme bicameral legislative body of Estmere. Parliament consists of two chambers, the upper chamber being the Chamber of Peers and the lower chamber being the Chamber of Commons.

Parliament possesses legislative supremacy and parliamentary sovereignty. Among the two chambers, the Commons is considered supreme, drafts all legislation and can overrule the Chamber of Peers, in a case of imperfect bicameralism. Parliament meets in Parliament Building, in the Borough of the City of Morwall. Parliamentary terms can last for a maximum of four years, after which another election must be held.

The Chamber of Commons is elected through the additional member system, and therefore Members can be elected to represent a constituency, or as part of a party list representing one of the constituent entities. The Chamber of Peers is appointed, with Peers appointed to serve for a single ten year term. Peers can be appointed either by the President (in which case they must be politically neutral crossbenchers) or by the constituent entities.

The most recent general election was held on 27 May 2021; the next must be held on or before 26 May 2025.

1941 election

1941 Estmerish general election

21 October 1941
All 600 seats in the Chamber of Commons 301 seats needed for a majority
Registered	32,167,604
Turnout	27,239,134 (84.68%; 5.3 pp)
First party Second party Third party   Leader Vincent Holmes Josue Godfray Hugo Gilbert Party SDCP SPP NDP Leader's seat North Peaks Bouley Barrowside Milfield Parks Last election 233 182 83 Seats won 326 126 83 Seat change 93 56 Constituency vote 13,077,508 6,417,540 3,868,918 % and swing 48.04% 11.73% 23.58% 15.24% Party vote 12,547,418 5,065,285 3,603,626 % and swing 46.10% 13.12% 18.61% 14.21%   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Herbert Davies Austen Molyneux David Haig Party ESWI ULP Radical Liberals Leader's seat Hartham Dockside (defeated) Longwood Shoreham (defeated) Last election 51 19 3 Seats won 51 19 4 Seat change 1 Constituency vote 1,199,034 1,046,615 269,275 % and swing 4.72% 4.12% 1.06% Party vote 2,190,359 1,173,543 932,417 % and swing 8.63% 4.63% 3.68%
Prime Minister before election Hugo Gilbert NDP Prime Minister after election Vincent Holmes SDCP

The 1941 Estmerish general election was a snap election held on 21 October 1941. It followed the collapse of the centre-right government of the Hugo Gilbert, who had succeeded Lawrence Montgomerie as Prime Minister after his sudden death in 1939. All 600 seats of the Chamber of Commons were up for election.

The leadership of the parties was seen as a key factor influencing swing voters. Vincent Holmes was seen as a capable, experienced leader who had served in the wartime government-in-exile. This was contrasted with Gilbert, who was seen as divisive and lacked the charisma or skill of Montgomerie. The new Sotirian People's Party leader Josue Godfray also attacked Gilbert's record, giving the governing coalition an image of disunity.

The Social Democratic and Co-operative Party made major advances on its 1938 vote, winning an overall majority in an electoral system where this was uncommon. Turnout increased massively across the country, benefiting the SDCP. President Godfredson called on Holmes to assemble Estmere's first post-war majority government.

Results

There were 27,220,066 valid ballots cast. Turnout was 84.68%, which is to date the highest recorded turnout for an Estmerish general election held under universal suffrage. This represented a 5.3% increase on the votes cast in the 1938 election, with 27,239,134 voters taking part in the election.

Party		Constituency		Party		Seats	+/–
		Votes	%	Votes	%
	Social Democratic and Co-operative Party	13,077,508	48.04	12,547,418	46.10	326	93
	Sotirian People's Party	6,417,540	23.58	5,065,285	18.61	126	56
	National Democratic Party	4,129,453	15.17	3,626,720	13.32	79	4
	Estmerish Section of the Workers' International	844,413	3.10	2,017,468	7.41	37	14
	United Liberal Party	1,334,718	4.90	1,419,442	5.21	16	3
	Radical Liberals	335,041	1.23	951,576	3.50	4	1
	Rally of the Republic	264,220	0.97	667,918	2.45	3	14
	Independent Socialists	275,115	1.01	260,737	0.96	3	1
	Independent Liberals	253,324	0.93	273,374	1.00	2	2
	Independent Conservatives	179,778	0.66	189,928	0.70	2
	Party of the Swathish	49,030	0.18	115,768	0.43	2
	All other parties	59,926	0.22	82,867	0.30	–	–
Total		27,220,066	100.00	27,218,501	100.00	600	600
Valid votes		27,220,066	99.93	27,218,501	99.92
Invalid/blank votes		19,067	0.07	20,633	0.08
Total votes		27,239,133	100.00	27,239,134	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		32,167,604	84.68
Source: EBS News Archive

Popular party vote
SDCP			46.10%
SPP			18.61%
NDP			13.32%
ESWI			7.41%
ULP			5.21%
RL			3.50%
RR			2.45%
Others			3.40%

Parliament seats
SDCP			54.33%
SPP			21.00%
NDP			13.17%
ESWI			6.17%
ULP			2.67%
RL			0.67%
RR			0.50%
Others			1.50%