2021 Chanchajilla War: Difference between revisions
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| caption = Clockwise from top left: An [[East Chanchajilla]]n tank drives through [[Omi]]; East Chanchajillan soldier runs through the battlefield in [[Ivora]]; a [[West Chanchajilla]]n IED explodes near a [[Paraboca]]n vehicle; East Chanchajillans celebrate the fall of Ivora; [[President of East Chanchajilla|President]] [[Gideon Boer]] addresses introduction of August 4th referendum; [[Zamastan]]ian [[Z-14 Osprey]] fighter jet takes off | | caption = Clockwise from top left: An [[East Chanchajilla]]n tank drives through [[Omi]]; East Chanchajillan soldier runs through the battlefield in [[Ivora]]; a [[West Chanchajilla]]n IED explodes near a [[Paraboca]]n vehicle; East Chanchajillans celebrate the fall of Ivora; [[President of East Chanchajilla|President]] [[Gideon Boer]] addresses introduction of August 4th referendum; [[Zamastan]]ian [[Z-14 Osprey]] fighter jet takes off | ||
| date = 23rd February 2021 - | | date = 23rd February 2021 - 28th September 2021 | ||
| place = [[East Chanchajilla]], [[West Chanchajilla]] | | place = [[East Chanchajilla]], [[West Chanchajilla]] | ||
| result = * Collapse of West Chanchajillan regime | | result = * Collapse of West Chanchajillan regime | ||
Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
*[[Zamastan]] | *[[Zamastan]] | ||
*[[Paraboca]] | *[[Paraboca]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Caspiaa]] | ||
| combatant2 = *'''[[West Chanchajilla]]''' | | combatant2 = *'''[[West Chanchajilla]]''' | ||
| commander1 = *[[Gideon Boer]] | | commander1 = *[[Gideon Boer]] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
The '''2021 Chanchajilla War''', also known as the '''Second Turania Offensive''' is an ongoing armed conflict between [[East Chanchajilla]] and its allied coalition between the [[West Chanchajilla]]n regime forces of [[Frederick Armbar]]. In 2021, in response to dozens of arrests of West Chanchajillan diplomats abroad, Frederick Armbar initiated a series of terrorist attacks in East Chanchajilla, including [[2021 Meguén bombing|an attack]] in [[Meguén]] that killed 76 people<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38339643#p38339643</ref> and [[2021 Vilanja bombing|an attack]] in [[Vilanja]] that killed 21<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38351123#p38351123</ref>. On February 23rd, the West Chanchajillan military launched a series of missile attacks across the Northwestern provinces in the cities of [[Turania]], [[Nortagate]], and [[Vilanja]] that killed 542 people and injured thousands. <ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38373065#p38373065</ref> President Boer put the nation's military on high alert and undertook retaliatory airstrikes.<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38378077#p38378077</ref> The airstrikes soon progressed into a ground offensive, with East Chanchajillan forces advancing beyond the border and capturing the city of [[Omi]] within days<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38398999#p38398999</ref>. | The '''2021 Chanchajilla War''', also known as the '''Second Turania Offensive''' is an ongoing armed conflict between [[East Chanchajilla]] and its allied coalition between the [[West Chanchajilla]]n regime forces of [[Frederick Armbar]]. In 2021, in response to dozens of arrests of West Chanchajillan diplomats abroad, Frederick Armbar initiated a series of terrorist attacks in East Chanchajilla, including [[2021 Meguén bombing|an attack]] in [[Meguén]] that killed 76 people<ref>[https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38339643#p38339643"76 DEAD BOMBING IN MEGUÉN]". ''[[Vilanja Sentinel]]'', 14 February 2021. Retrieved 14 February 2021.</ref> and [[2021 Vilanja bombing|an attack]] in [[Vilanja]] that killed 21<ref>[https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38351123#p38351123"BOMBING IN CAPITAL KILLS 21]". ''[[Vilanja Sentinel]]'', 18 February 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021.</ref>. On February 23rd, the West Chanchajillan military launched a series of missile attacks across the Northwestern provinces in the cities of [[Turania]], [[Nortagate]], and [[Vilanja]] that killed 542 people and injured thousands. <ref>[https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38373065#p38373065""DEVESTATING ATTACK" UNDERWAY AS ROCKETS FALL ON CITIES ACROSS NORTHWEST PROVINCES]. ''[[Vilanja Sentinel]]'', 23 February 2021. Retrieved 23 February 2021.</ref> President Boer put the nation's military on high alert and undertook retaliatory airstrikes.<ref>[https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38378077#p38378077"EAST CHANCHAJILLAN FORCES COME UNDER FIRE ON BORDER]". ''[[Vilanja Sentinel]]'', 24 February 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2021.</ref> The airstrikes soon progressed into a ground offensive, with East Chanchajillan forces advancing beyond the border and capturing the city of [[Omi]] within days<ref>[https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38398999#p38398999"EAST CHANCHAJILLAN FORCES CAPTURE STRATEGIC WEST CITY OF OMI]". '[[Vilanja Sentinel]]'', 28 February 2021. Retrieved 28 February 2021.</ref>. | ||
[[Zamastan]], who had intercepted and shot down dozens of West Chanchajillan missiles on February 23rd, resolved to help Eastern forces by conducting airstrikes on March 1st<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38402412#p38402412</ref>, a campaign which would last for the remainder of the conflict. Eastern officials stated on numerous occasions that the inclusion of Zamastanian air superiority resulted directly to the speed at which Eastern forces advanced throughout the country. Despite being stalled after capturing Omi<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38406413#p38406413</ref>, Eastern forces managed to break the resistance and force the Western forces into a strategic retreat to the capital of [[Ivora]]. On March 16th, the cities of [[Vicalvi]], [[Anamosori]], and [[Treviso]] were captured<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38458883#p38458883</ref>, as was the [[Treviso Nuclear Crisis|nuclear facility]] in Treviso. The fall of these cities, in addition to the capture of [[Accadia]] two days later, meant the capital of Ivora was surrounded completely. | [[Zamastan]], who had intercepted and shot down dozens of West Chanchajillan missiles on February 23rd, resolved to help Eastern forces by conducting airstrikes on March 1st<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38402412#p38402412</ref>, a campaign which would last for the remainder of the conflict. Eastern officials stated on numerous occasions that the inclusion of Zamastanian air superiority resulted directly to the speed at which Eastern forces advanced throughout the country. Despite being stalled after capturing Omi<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38406413#p38406413</ref>, Eastern forces managed to break the resistance and force the Western forces into a strategic retreat to the capital of [[Ivora]]. On March 16th, the cities of [[Vicalvi]], [[Anamosori]], and [[Treviso]] were captured<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38458883#p38458883</ref>, as was the [[Treviso Nuclear Crisis|nuclear facility]] in Treviso. The fall of these cities, in addition to the capture of [[Accadia]] two days later, meant the capital of Ivora was surrounded completely. | ||
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On March 22nd, 2021, [[Paraboca]]n forces joined the conflict following a treaty signed between [[President of Paraboca|President]] [[Garr'n Cardoza II|Garr'n Cardoza]] and President Boer<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38480163#p38480163</ref>. The offensive now targeted Ivora, with the intention to capture the city, locate and capture [[Frederick Armbar]], and overthrow the government and military rule. On March 24th, Presidents Boer, Cardoza, and [[Atticus Moreau|Moreau]] met in Vilanja<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38481406#p38481406</ref> to discuss establishing a new tri-national run interim government following the inevitable capture of the city. However, fighting lasted longer and became more brutal than anticipated in Ivora. Armbar was killed on April 9th, and Ivora fell on April 17th. On May 1st, major combat operations ended<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38603639&sid=462342f5e9e3e8e31965eb33ef08355f#p38603639</ref> and became relegated to peacekeeping and moderating pockets of resistance. | On March 22nd, 2021, [[Paraboca]]n forces joined the conflict following a treaty signed between [[President of Paraboca|President]] [[Garr'n Cardoza II|Garr'n Cardoza]] and President Boer<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38480163#p38480163</ref>. The offensive now targeted Ivora, with the intention to capture the city, locate and capture [[Frederick Armbar]], and overthrow the government and military rule. On March 24th, Presidents Boer, Cardoza, and [[Atticus Moreau|Moreau]] met in Vilanja<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38481406#p38481406</ref> to discuss establishing a new tri-national run interim government following the inevitable capture of the city. However, fighting lasted longer and became more brutal than anticipated in Ivora. Armbar was killed on April 9th, and Ivora fell on April 17th. On May 1st, major combat operations ended<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38603639&sid=462342f5e9e3e8e31965eb33ef08355f#p38603639</ref> and became relegated to peacekeeping and moderating pockets of resistance. | ||
The war resulted in the end of the tyrannical socialist rule in West Chanchajilla, with Frederick Armbar and his loyalists being pushed out of political power. The East Chanchajillan, Parabocan, Zamastanian, and [[Janapa]]n governments helped organize a national referendum for a new National Assembly on August 4th, 2021, the first free elections that West Chanchajilla had ever experienced<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38643459#p38643459</ref>. | The war resulted in the end of the tyrannical socialist rule in West Chanchajilla, with Frederick Armbar and his loyalists being pushed out of political power. The East Chanchajillan, Parabocan, Zamastanian, and [[Janapa]]n governments helped organize a national referendum for a new National Assembly on August 4th, 2021, the first free elections that West Chanchajilla had ever experienced<ref>https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38643459#p38643459</ref>, electing [[Juan Diego Barrios]]. The war was officially declared over with the end of a pro-Armbar insurgency on September 28th, 2021. Since the end of the war, the two nations have worked to mend diplomatic, economic, and cultural relations, with much of the East's allies in [[WEDA]] assisting in economic development programs. | ||
==Background== | ==Background== |
Latest revision as of 02:03, 13 June 2022
2021 Chanchajilla War | |||||||
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Clockwise from top left: An East Chanchajillan tank drives through Omi; East Chanchajillan soldier runs through the battlefield in Ivora; a West Chanchajillan IED explodes near a Parabocan vehicle; East Chanchajillans celebrate the fall of Ivora; President Gideon Boer addresses introduction of August 4th referendum; Zamastanian Z-14 Osprey fighter jet takes off | |||||||
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The 2021 Chanchajilla War, also known as the Second Turania Offensive is an ongoing armed conflict between East Chanchajilla and its allied coalition between the West Chanchajillan regime forces of Frederick Armbar. In 2021, in response to dozens of arrests of West Chanchajillan diplomats abroad, Frederick Armbar initiated a series of terrorist attacks in East Chanchajilla, including an attack in Meguén that killed 76 people[1] and an attack in Vilanja that killed 21[2]. On February 23rd, the West Chanchajillan military launched a series of missile attacks across the Northwestern provinces in the cities of Turania, Nortagate, and Vilanja that killed 542 people and injured thousands. [3] President Boer put the nation's military on high alert and undertook retaliatory airstrikes.[4] The airstrikes soon progressed into a ground offensive, with East Chanchajillan forces advancing beyond the border and capturing the city of Omi within days[5].
Zamastan, who had intercepted and shot down dozens of West Chanchajillan missiles on February 23rd, resolved to help Eastern forces by conducting airstrikes on March 1st[6], a campaign which would last for the remainder of the conflict. Eastern officials stated on numerous occasions that the inclusion of Zamastanian air superiority resulted directly to the speed at which Eastern forces advanced throughout the country. Despite being stalled after capturing Omi[7], Eastern forces managed to break the resistance and force the Western forces into a strategic retreat to the capital of Ivora. On March 16th, the cities of Vicalvi, Anamosori, and Treviso were captured[8], as was the nuclear facility in Treviso. The fall of these cities, in addition to the capture of Accadia two days later, meant the capital of Ivora was surrounded completely.
On March 22nd, 2021, Parabocan forces joined the conflict following a treaty signed between President Garr'n Cardoza and President Boer[9]. The offensive now targeted Ivora, with the intention to capture the city, locate and capture Frederick Armbar, and overthrow the government and military rule. On March 24th, Presidents Boer, Cardoza, and Moreau met in Vilanja[10] to discuss establishing a new tri-national run interim government following the inevitable capture of the city. However, fighting lasted longer and became more brutal than anticipated in Ivora. Armbar was killed on April 9th, and Ivora fell on April 17th. On May 1st, major combat operations ended[11] and became relegated to peacekeeping and moderating pockets of resistance.
The war resulted in the end of the tyrannical socialist rule in West Chanchajilla, with Frederick Armbar and his loyalists being pushed out of political power. The East Chanchajillan, Parabocan, Zamastanian, and Janapan governments helped organize a national referendum for a new National Assembly on August 4th, 2021, the first free elections that West Chanchajilla had ever experienced[12], electing Juan Diego Barrios. The war was officially declared over with the end of a pro-Armbar insurgency on September 28th, 2021. Since the end of the war, the two nations have worked to mend diplomatic, economic, and cultural relations, with much of the East's allies in WEDA assisting in economic development programs.
Background
Precursor conflicts
Tensions between the East and the West had existed ever since the Chanchajillan Civil War. The civil war was fought from 1932-1944 between rebel capitalist-republican forces of East Chanchajilla and socialist-anarchist forces of West Chanchajilla. Due to the international political climate at the time, the war had many facets and was variously viewed as class struggle, a war of religion, a struggle between dictatorship and republican democracy, between revolution and counterrevolution, and between fascism and socialism. The war began after a declaration of military opposition against the socialist controlled government by a group of republican generals of the Chanchajillan Republican Armed Forces, originally under the leadership of Gonzal Jimoth. The government at the time was a coalition of communist and socialist parties, under the leadership of far-left President Manuel Besterio and supported by military units in some important cities in the Eastern half of Chanchajilla — such as Vilanja, Mirinu, and Pretesia. This left Chanchajilla militarily and politically divided. The Republicans and the Socialist government fought for control of the country. The Republican forces received munitions, soldiers, and air support from Zamastan, while the socialist side received support from Gladysynthia and Drambenburg. Tens of thousands of citizens from non-interventionist countries directly participated in the conflict. They fought mostly in the pro-Republican International Brigades, which also included several thousand exiles from pro-socialist regimes.
The republican forces of East Chanchajilla officially won the war, which ended in 1944, by achieving their ultimate goal of separating from the Western government and forming their own nation. Once the hostilities ended, the government of West Chanchajilla declared the militarization and hard border separation from the newly organized Eastern government. The war became notable for the passion and political division it inspired and for the many atrocities that occurred, on both sides. The war served as a precursor to the World War, and major fighting continued to persist in Chanchajilla well into the World War as Drambenburgian forces warred Avergnonian armies. Organised purges occurred in territory captured by the West's forces so they could consolidate their future regime in their now divided country. Mass executions on a lesser scale also took place in areas controlled by the Republicans, with the participation of local authorities varying from location to location. During the remainder of the 20th and early 21st centuries, several flare ups of violence across the borders of the two nations occurred, including the 1972 Chanchajilla War and the South Turania Offensive (2019).
In 2018, President Andres Obrahoma was charged with drug trafficing charges and conspiracy of fraud, which led to his resignation and subsequent arrest on December 1st, 2018. He was replaced by Vice-President Gideon Boer. In May of 2019, a border skirmish in the province of Turania between East and West troops led to the South Turania Offensive. The cause of the war was the infiltration of Western soldiers disguised as militants into positions on the Eastern side of the LOC, which serves as the border between the two states. During the initial stages of the war, West Chanchajilla blamed the fighting entirely on independent Turania insurgents, but documents left behind by casualties and later statements by West Chanchajillan dictator Frederick Armbar showed involvement of West Chanchajillan paramilitary forces. The East's Army, later supported by the East's Air Force, recaptured a majority of the positions on the East side of the LOC infiltrated by the Western troops and militants. Facing international diplomatic opposition, the Western forces withdrew from the remaining Eastern positions along the LOC. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Turania, moderated by Rio Palito.
2020 coup attempt
See also: 2020 West Chanchajilla Coup d'etat Attempt
On February 23rd, 2020, tens of thousands of people took to the streets of West Chanchajilla's urban centers in Ivora, Vicalvi, and Accadia alongside dissenting military generals in an attempt to overthrow local and federal government positions. Military officials and statements coming from state media said that there were "several instances of violent and sporadic fighting between terrorists and military personel at key government sites across the nation," and that "President Armbar was the target of an assassination attempt." Armbar's highest staff claimed, without specifying evidence, that Zamastan, East Chanchajilla, Caspia and Quetana were directly backing the perpetrators. They also confirmed that several hundred suspected perpetrators have been arrested and that massive purge manhunts are underway
Online amid the flurry of underground social media coming out of the closed and isolated country, supposed leaders of resistance movements claimed that a coup d'état was attempted in West Chanchajilla against state institutions, including the government and President Frederick Armbar. The attempt was carried out by a faction within the West Chanchajillan Armed Forces that organized themselves to seize control of several key places in Ivora, Iuani, Aboutal, and elsewhere, but failed to do so after forces loyal to the state defeated them. The alleged perpetrators cited the nation's "history of erosion and a complete elimination of democratic rule, disregard for human rights, and a loss of credibility in the international arena as reasons for the coup", according to a statement posted by resistance members living in asylum in both East Chanchajilla and Paraboca. There were several known resistance movements against the military regime in West Chanchajilla, and while some received funding and support from the East in past conflicts, (such as the Turania Offensive of 2019), there is no known evidence that Zamastan or Quetana support the insurgent forces.
Following the coup, dozens of people were executed in the West Chanchajillan capital of Ivora in a broadcast that was channeled live on West Chanchajillan television stations. Armbar spoke against the accused perpetrators who he claimed were responsible for the coup with backing from East Chanchajillan, Zamastanian, and Quetanan sources. The dictator then gave a command for the accused perpetrators to be brought out into the square in front of his palace and government offices, where for the next hour and a half, 57 people were executed live on state-run television. The methods of executions were varied, alternating between firing squads and hangings.
President of Zamastan Foley Sakzi condemned the executions and once again called for Frederick Armbar's resignation and removal from power, while maintaining that the Zamastanian government had no role in the coup. President of East Chanchajilla Gideon Boer also condemned the executions, while at the same time denying involvement but stating support for the coup. On February 27th, however, Derick'a Banna, who was the Chief of the People's Army of Chanchajilla, was assassinated by ZIS agents in a San Beausoleil, Rio Palito, hotel room. Armbar was reportedly furious, making a public statement saying "The Zamastanians stop at nothing to dismantle our strides," Armbar said, "and they are no doubt the masterminds of Baana's death. Death to Zamastan will follow suite and justice will be done to the devils of Z.I.S.. Foley Sakzi, who is also a devil, will burn for his crimes of murder." The ZIS initially denied the assassination, but on March 1st Kirk Faulkman admitted that they were behind the assassination.
Martin Saint-Yves, the leader of Ossinia, visited Armbar in March, attempting to convince Armbar to retaliate against Zamastan by bombing manufacturing plants in Blythe, Mayotte. Armbar refused, fearing a conflict with Zamastan. In May, Saint-Yves was captured by Zamastanian forces during the Zamastanian invasion, further worrying Armbar and his closest aides that Zamastan was preparing to take down his government in a similar fashion if they dared retaliate or attack Zamastanian targets as Saint-Yves did.
2021 attacks
In 2021, in response to dozens of arrests of West Chanchajillan diplomats, Frederick Armbar initiated a series of terrorist attacks in East Chanchajilla, including an attack in Meguén that killed 76 people[13] and an attack in Vilanja that killed 21[14]. On February 23rd, the West Chanchajillan military launched a series of missile attacks across the Northwestern provinces in the cities of Turania, Nortagate, and Vilanja that killed 542 people and injured thousands. [15] President Boer put the nation's military on high alert and undertook retaliatory airstrikes against West Chanchajillan border positions.
The day after the rocket attacks, East Chanchajillan soldiers came under fire from West Chanchajillan soldiers who had encroached the border[16], resulting in dozens of casualties. Boer, in his resolve to rally the East Chanchajillan people, stated that "this is an act of war. We are a war."
International reaction
Multiple heads of state internationally called for both sides to cease hostilities, with President Tony Blanian of Constantio stating his commitment to seeing the "tyrannical regime end their reign of terror", while also calling for "restraint and moderation" from the governments of East Chanchajilla and Paraboca, who had both placed their national militaries on high alert and indications of retaliatory strikes were becoming more and more evident.
"Armbar is the epitome of evil, mark my words and don't take my words away from their literation," Blanian said, "he continuously proves to the world that he cares not for human life. While we stand with our allies of East Chanchajilla and President Boer's government, we urge that they commit to restraint and moderation. A wider war is not what we want to see, especially in the context of humanitarian disasters spreading across the world nowadays."
President Akram Sulaiman of Emmiria addressed the Emmirian Consultative Assembly in an emergency statement to formally condemn West Chanchajilla and Frederick Armbar for the first time, stating "Cease your actions, Armbar, you must stop this violence."
President of Paraboca Garr'n Cardoza stated "We stand with East Chanchajilla. We will stand with them until this threat has dispersed. Until the day that West Chanchajilla and the maniac Armbar is no longer a threat, we will stand with our allies."
Zamastan's missile defense system had intercepted dozens of rockets during the course of the attack[17], and Secretary Camille Boffrand stated that "50 missiles intercepted is a good sign of our readiness, but it should have never happened. We shouldn't have had to shoot down these missiles. West Chanchajilla overstepped. They tried to kill Zamastanians today. Mark my words and hear me clearly. Zamastan stands firmly with East Chanchajilla through their efforts to remove the threat of destruction, and as we have seen firsthand today, West Chanchajilla marks us in a similar regard. On behalf of President Atticus Moreau, Zamastan will respond forcefully."
War
Invasion
Battle of Ivora
Overthrow of Western government
Occupation
Insurgency
Referendum and elections
Mediation
Death toll
Legacy
References
- ↑ "76 DEAD BOMBING IN MEGUÉN". Vilanja Sentinel, 14 February 2021. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
- ↑ "BOMBING IN CAPITAL KILLS 21". Vilanja Sentinel, 18 February 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
- ↑ ""DEVESTATING ATTACK" UNDERWAY AS ROCKETS FALL ON CITIES ACROSS NORTHWEST PROVINCES. Vilanja Sentinel, 23 February 2021. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- ↑ "EAST CHANCHAJILLAN FORCES COME UNDER FIRE ON BORDER". Vilanja Sentinel, 24 February 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
- ↑ "EAST CHANCHAJILLAN FORCES CAPTURE STRATEGIC WEST CITY OF OMI". 'Vilanja Sentinel, 28 February 2021. Retrieved 28 February 2021.
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38402412#p38402412
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38406413#p38406413
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38458883#p38458883
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38480163#p38480163
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38481406#p38481406
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38603639&sid=462342f5e9e3e8e31965eb33ef08355f#p38603639
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38643459#p38643459
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38339643#p38339643
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38351123#p38351123
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38373065#p38373065
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38378077#p38378077
- ↑ https://forum.nationstates.net/viewtopic.php?p=38374693#p38374693