Brumen

Kingdom of Brumen Königreich Brumen
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Einheit, Wohlstand, Frieden "Unity, Prosperity, Peace"
Anthem: Vorwärts Brumen Forward Brumen Royal anthem: Die Ewige Krone The Eternal Crown
Location of Brumen highlighted in dark green Continent of Belisaria highlighted in dark grey.
Political Map of Brumen
Capital	Dinsmark
Largest Metropolitan Area	Anfang Metropolitan Area
Official languages	Brumenese
Recognised regional languages	Losh Gariman Gresiye
Ethnic groups (2020)	Goths 81% Lushyods 12% Biele 3% Gariman 2.8% Greznean 1.2%
Religion	Irreligious 57% Aletheic Church 33% Alban Nazarism 10%
Demonym(s)	Brumen
Government	Federal Parliamentary Constitutional Monarchy
• Monarch	Anne-Marie I
• Chancellor	Immanuel Von Dinsmark
• Chief Justice	Brigitte Schäfer
Legislature	Reichskammern
• Upper house	Council of the Realm
• Lower house	Congress of the Realm
Establishment
• Allied Kingdoms Established	28 October 1198
• Articles of Union	10 June 1305
• First Reformation	3 September 1589
• Second Reformation	11 May 1923
• Constitutional Monarchy Established	15 January 1924
Area
• Total	334,912 km2 (129,310 sq mi)
• Water (%)	7.95
Population
• 2020 estimate	35,784,336
• 2020 census	32,893,755
• Density	98.21/km2 (254.4/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2020 estimate
• Total	$759 Billion
• Per capita	$23,074
GDP (nominal)	2020 estimate
• Total	$684 Billion
• Per capita	$20,800 (45th)
Gini (2020)	28.3 low (7th)
HDI (2020)	0.855 very high
Currency	Bon (Bn)
• Summer (DST)	Not Observed
Date format	DD/MM/YYYY
Driving side	left
ISO 3166 code	BRU
Internet TLD	.bru

Brumen, officially the Kingdom of Brumen (Brumenese: Königreich Brumen), is country located in South-East Belisaria and is comprised of nine realms. Its location at South-East Belisaria connects its entire coastline to the Periclean Sea. The country shares land borders with Garima to the north west, Drevstran to the North as well as a maritime border with Greznea to the north east. Brumen covers an area of 334,912 km² (129,310 sq mi) and has a population of 32 million people, making it one of the less-populated countires compared to its immediate neighbors. Its namesake is derived from the daily appearance of mist and fog throughout the country, giving it the nickname the land of brume. It is also known as the "Drei Flüsse Reich" (Realm of Three Rivers) due to the three river systems that extend from Brumen's interior to the Periclean Sea. Brumen's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) extends 200 nautical miles from the continent's baseline and covers an area of approximately 764.876 km² (475,272 sq mi). During the classical and late antiquity eras Brumen was part of Tervingia, a gothic political state and significant cultural power in East Belisaria that existed from 323 BCE until its dissolution in 429 CE. Due to this the nation has strong-gothic roots. However after Tervingia's dissolution the gothic peoples that inhabited present-day lands of Brumen developed its own unique Gothic-derived cultural identity that is distinct from its neighbors. The nation's capital is Dinsmark whereas its financial center and largest city is Anfang.

Originally a decentralized collection of various kingdoms located in Brumen's present-day lands, the threat of Audonian invasions during the Conquest of Garima as well as during the Alban Crusades of the 12th and 13th centuries, prompted the most powerful of these kingdoms: the Principality of Waldreich to rally the smaller Kingdoms together. Formed in 1198, the Allied Kingdoms is often considered the predecessor of the modern Kingdom of Brumen and served as a military coalition led by Waldreich. While the eastern lands were occupied the Allied Kingdoms ultimately repelled the Audonians, freeing the lands from Audonian occupation. Using the momentum from these victories, on 10 June 1305 Waldreich used its political capital to co-opt the other kingdoms and establish the Kingdom of Brumen, a sovereign nation uniting all the kingdoms with Waldreich elevated to a position of first among equals amongst its constituent realms. Since its inception Brumen was established as a secular state, its constitution known as the Vereinsartikel (Articles of Union) intentionally omitting any mention of religion or a monarch's divine right to rule. This large shift from a religious to secular society as largely influenced from Brumen's observation of Audonia's conquests, where religion is used to instigate conflicts. The shift within Brumen's society as a whole however happened more gradually. Originally Brumen was a unitary absolute monarchy, but through various reformations and a decade long insurrection throughout its realms, the nation gradually transitioned first into a federation until eventually the monarch's powers were rendered largely ceremonial in nature.

In the present day Brumen is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy with a directly elected bicameral legislature known as the Bundeskammern holds legislative power. Meanwhile executive power is divided between the Chancellor who serves as the head of government, and a monarch who serves as a ceremonial head of state. Brumen maintains a mixed economic system which is reflected in the significant presence of both private enterprises and state owned enterprises playing significant roles in the nation's economy. The government exercises some degree of econmic intervention in order to promote the general welfare of the people. Brumen is a developed country and provide a wide range of benefits for its citizens such as: a universal healthcare system, various social welfare programs, free tertiary level education at public universities and vocational schools. Brumen considers itself as a middle power of the Belisarian continent. The nation's unified military arm is the Große Armee des Reiches (GAR) comprised of the Land Forces, Royal Air Force and Royal Navy. The Maritime Protection Service serves as the nation's coast guard with paramilitary capabilities. The armed forces is comprised of a relatively small number of personnel with approximately 86,989 active personnel across all branches, while procurement of equipment is largely sourced from foreign supplies and supplemented by a small domestic arms manufacturing industry.

History

Classical Age

For much of its ancient history various Gothic tribes had inhabited the lands of modern day Brumen. These tribes eventually became part of Tervingia, a major political power & state that occupied a large swathe of Eastern Belisaria. Under Tervingia thousands of Goths migrated to settle in the relatively warmer and lush lands in the south. After Tervingia's collapse in 429 CE its provinces in the south established various proto-states collectively referred to as the Southern Goth Federations. In 441 CE these fledgling states came into conflict with the Latin Empire who had began an eastward expansion. The collapse of Tervingia had rendered the Southern Goth Federations largely defenseless against Latium expansion. By 450 CE the entire southern coast of Brumen were occupied by the Latins. Latium rule however was short lived, the Goths refused to accept Latium rule who imposed their culture & way of life upon the Goths. The early years of occupation was marred by small scale skirmishes between Latin armies and Gothic rebels who lived far away from any major settlements. These small band of Gothic rebels gradually grew in size and by 505 CE had formed the Allied Gothic Tribes, a loose coalition of Gothic rebel elements. The first large scale rebellion took place within the same year at Dinsmark, the largest Gothic settlement occupied by Latium. Additional assistance for the Allies came from the unoccupied free Gothic tribes in the northern lands of Brumen. The rebellion was successful and by 510 CE the Latins had been driven out from Brumenese lands.

War of the Three Nations

See main article: War of the Three Nations

The expulsion of Latium from Brumen was a turning point in Brumenese history due to the huge power vacuum left by the Latins. The Allied Gothic Tribes was a loose alliance between many tribes, some small and some large enough to the point they have multiple vassals underneath them, but all were by a council of the most powerful Chieftains. There were talks to form a more permanent confederation between the tribes but none of the chieftains could agree on how to achieve said confederation. After one year of stalled diplomatic talks, in 511 CE a group of Chieftains proclaimed the establishment of the Waldreich Confederacy and unilaterally laid claim to dominion over all Gothic tribes. This marked the de facto collapse of the Allied Gothic Tribes. Two months after Waldreich's proclamation, Gothic tribes that had occupied the western lands proclaimed and established the Union of Sudentor. Up until 580 CE Waldreich & Sudentor engaged in a cold war as both states sought to absorb as much of the unaligned gothic tribes scattered throughout Brumenese lands. Some were annexed while others either voluntarily or forced to swear their allegiance to one of the two powers. By 580 CE tension between Waldreich & Sudentor reached a historic low point where, in an attempt to tip the balance of power in its favor, the former supported a conspiracy usurp a vassal of Sudentor. The plot was uncovered Sudentor demanded reparations by Waldreich. Peace talks fails to bring any resolution to the dispute and by 581 CE Waldreich began the invasion of Sudentor.

While the initial start of the campaign saw a string of victories for Waldreich, as Waldreich’s forces went deeper into Sudentor their advances eventually ground to a halt. This was largely due to the Sudentor's defense in depth strategy. Sacrificing parts of its territory to Waldreich but reinforcing their core territories. At around the same time various Chieftains who had grown weary of Waldreich’s aggressiveness began plotting a secessionist movement in the east. In 590 CE the Kingdom of Bewahren was proclaimed in the east, opening an eastern theater of war and forcing Waldreich to redirect some of its forces towards the east. Facing a war in two theaters, Waldreich could no longer advance in both the western and eastern front lines. By 596 CE all front lines stabilized and large scale military campaigns have stopped. However no peace treaty or armistice was signed. Vassals were established to act as buffer states between Waldreich, Sudentor & Bewahren. For the next 200 years the three gothic nations were locked in a protracted frozen conflict which lasted almost three centuries. Most armed conflicts in this period of time took place between the vassal tribes of Waldreich, Sudentor & Bewahren. An armistice would eventually be signed in 833 CE by the three Gothic nations due to the rise of Viragstag in the northern shores of lake Bluhen.

The Blühen Wars

See also: Blühen Wars

The Blühen Wars (834 - 980) were a series of two major conflicts centered around Lake Blühen which pitted the Lushyod kingdom of Viragstag against the Gothic nations of Waldreich, Sudentor and Bewahren. The conflicts stemmed from Viragstag's establishment in the northern shores of Lake Blühen, as well as its expansion which eventually placed it into direct confrontation with the Gothic nations. Viragstag was established by Havar I, second son of Worsak I King of the Drev. When Worsak I died as per Lush custom, Havar I inherited the leadership of the Kurt-Gharmat, a tribe with a semi-nomadic lifestyle. He led this tribe to the northern shores of Lake Blühen which at the time was called the Northern Empty by the Gothic peoples. At the time the Gothic nations however were preoccupied with the War of the Three Nations at the time and did not fully comprehend the potential threat the Lush kingdom would pose to them. By the time this was realized however it was too late, Viragstag had established itself as the dominant power of the Northern Empty and saw the three Gothic nations as rivals. The First Blühen War (834 CE - 849 CE) resulted in Lushyod hegemony over the region. Waldreich, Sudentor and Bewahren were decisively defeated by Viragstag allowing the Lush kingdom to occupy the entirety of Lake Blühen and its surrounding lands.

In the interwar period (850 - 861) Waldreich underwent a series of major political, economic & military reforms in an attempt to prepare itself to reassert itself as the hegemon of Gothic people. Led by a new leader Klaus I, Waldreich reformed itself from a confederation of tribes into the Kingdom of Waldreich. Its military also underwent major reorganization, updating its doctrine, modernizing its equipment and formations. Rather than a continuous series of wars, the Second Blühen War was a series of scattered raids and short periods of open warfare between the Gothic powers and Viragstag which spanned from 862 and would last until 980. This final conflict would ultimately result in a Gothic victory, the partition and dissolution of Viragstag, the end of Lush rule in Brumenese lands and the rise of Waldreich as hegemon of the Gothic nations. New Gothic kingdoms were established in the northern empty, permanently settling the previously lawless lands with monarchs loyal to either Waldreich or Sudentor installed by the two regional rivals. In the aftermath, two additional conflicts continued to take place: a war between Waldreich & Sudentor, and between the newly established Kingdom of Hoffnung against the Kingdom of the Drev for control over the Kastory Mountains.

Establishment

See also: Alban crusades and Crusade of Sudentor

The victory of the Gothic Kingdoms over the Lushyods of Viragstag cemented gothic rule of the lands that comprise modern day Brumen. Two Gothic powers dominate the region: Waldreich to the west and Sudentor to the east, each with dozens of vassal kingdoms and city-states under its dominion, whose majority of population adhere to the Aletheic faith. Their adherence to the Aletheic Church placed the Gothic kingdoms within the sights of the Audonians. Though Waldreich became the undisputed hegemon of the Goths, the Sudentor remained steadfast and strong in asserting its continued independence from its neighbor. Though smaller in size and population, Sudentor augments its troops with foreign mercenary troops primarily from the Lushyod kingdoms. In spite of this, Sudentor faced two pressure points on its eastern and western borders. To the west it was locked in a constant struggle to maintain the loyalty of its vassals and stave off Waldreich's efforts to reduce upon Sudentor's sphere of influence. Meanwhile to the east, refugees who fled eastward to escape the crusaders in 1217 from Garima flooded into the Kingdom's lands. The influx of refugees brought social and economic instability for Sudentor and forced the kingdom to divide its already limited economic and military resources between the eastern and western fronts. The start of the Alban Crusade against the northern Lushyod kingdoms severely depleted the supply of mercenaries Sudentor relied upon to augment its depleted armies. In the spring of 1219 the Audonians began their first series of raids against Sudentor. Little by little the Audonians were able to gradually whittle down Sudentor's defenses. By the winter of 1219 the Audonians laid siege to Sudendorf though the kingdom's monarch, the capital's defense was helmed by the kingdom's monarch: King Eldrich II. The siege of Sudendorf was ended in the spring of 1220 when House Günther, a noble house of Sudentor, betrayed their king and opened the gates to the Audonians, effectively ending the siege. Eldrich II was executed after he refused to bend the knee and renounce his faith in the Aletheic Church. In his place Anton I of house Gunther was installed as a puppet leader of the newly established Holy Realm of Sudentor, a vassal kingdom of the Audonians and established the Fabrian Church as the kingdom's official state religion. Eldrich's wife and sons were succesfully evacuated by the surviving members of his royal guard and fled to the remaining free lands of Sudentor in the south. By 1221 the Alban Crusades resulted in Sudentor's fall from a major power to a mere isolated rump state. During this period of time the kingdoms of Waldreich and Hoffnung had established an alliance and held any further Audonian advancements in Gothic lands.

In 1225, Aledar I met Franz I of Waldreich, Alrich II of Hoffnung, Konrad IV of Bewahren, and Hilda I, Queen Regent to the exiled monarchy of Sudentor. All five monarchs swore an oath to retake Sudentor and re-establish an Aletheic monarch on the throne and to support one another against the crusaders. This Heterodox Alliance, as it is known by historian, would launch conduct a series of raids against the Holy Realm of Sudentor in the early months of 1228, probing for any potential weaknesses in the kingdom's defenses. Major military campaigns were initiated the summer of 1228 and by January 1229 the alliance had retaken Sudendorf. Hilda I reclaimed the title of Monarch of Sudentor, whereas Anton I was executed for treason against the Goths. By 1230 all Audonian presence in Sudentor's lands had been repelled. To prevent future crusades by the Audonians, Hilda I ordered the construction of defensive fortifications along Sudentor's eastern border. Waldreich and Hoffnung, seeing the advantage of having Sudentor be a buffer state against the Audonians, provided economic support for the newly re-established kingdom. Construction began in the spring of 1231 and was eventually completed by 1236. The 141 km (87 mile) long fortification came to be known as Hilda's Wall. The Alban Crusades strengthened Waldreich's dominion over the Gothic Kingdoms and by 14th century it was able to corale the other Gothic polities into a unified state, and in 1305 the Kingdom of Brumen was formed. Led by Waldreich the founders of the Kingdom wrote down the Vereinsartikel (Articles of Union) establishing Brumen as a unitary absolute monarchy representing nine constituent realms. While the autonomy and responsibilities of each realm was largely unmentioned implying a high-degree of autonomy for realms, Waldreich's status was elevated as first among peers as it spearheaded the defense of the Allied Kingdoms with the Monarch of Waldreich serving as the supreme monarch of Brumen. The Articles of Union explicitly left out the usage of divine right, or God's will, strongly implying the separation of the church and state.

First Insurrection

See main article: First Insurrection

The First Insurrection was an undeclared civil war in Brumen between Loyalists (realms that are loyal the Monarch of Brumen), against Insurgents (realms that demanded reforms). The First Insurrection was relatively bloodless and began in the January 1588 and ended in August 1589 and was caused by disgruntled realms of the Kingdom who perceived Brumen's unitary government structure as unfavorable towards the realms except for Waldreich. While the constitution implies each realm has a high degree of autonomy, as a unitary state, by law the Monarch of Brumen held supreme authority to bestow or revoke autonomy from each realm. The powers of the Crown, while written and specified in the nation's constitution, was written in a largely vague manner which gave the Monarch broad and near complete authority over the realms. Initially only the realms of Frieden, Kusten, and Tauberg voiced their concerns. These realms advocated for greater autonomy to be granted to the realms and that the central government should be restricted from intervening in internal realm affairs. The root cause of the First Insurrection could be traced back to 1585 when Eckhard IV of house , the then-King of Brumen and known for his extravagant and lavish life style, announced a series of controversial pieces of legislation such as unilaterally reformed tax laws that favored realms that were politically more loyal to the Crown rather than those who were more independent of the Crown's influence. Insurgent realms primarily employed methods of passive resistance and civil disobedience against the Grand Army, which was deployed to enforce Eckhard IV's will upon the realms. However not all realms adhered to the policy of passive resistance. Reports of low-level skirmishes in the realms of Sudentor and Bewahren were reported. While not large-scale in nature it was enough to tie down resources and personnel from the Grand Army in both realms, preventing them from achieving their primary objective which was to retrieve gold for taxes. Meanwhile since the start of the First Insurrection, Eckhard IV's popularity and domestic support in Waldreich began to wane with the other noble houses of Waldreich openly questioning the legitimacy and necessity of the King's policies and actions. Fearing a further escalation of the conflict by the King, on August 1588 led by House Mayer, the high noble houses of Waldreich launched a coup against the Eckhard IV, forcefully removing him from the throne. This marked the beginning of the end of the First Insurrection, with Arndt I succeeding Eckhard IV who was eventually put on trial and exiled from Brumen for his part in intistigating the Insurrection. Arndt invited the other realms to Waldreich in order to properly discuss much needed reforms for Brumen.

The coronation of Arndt I marked the de facto end of the First Insurrection. Command elements of the Grand Army had grown wary of Eckhard IV's competency in commanding & leading the army. Officers who continued to be loyal to previous monarch were removed from command. Although no declarations of war were declared between Waldreich and the other realms, Arndt I called for an emergency assembly amongst the realms monarchs where he opened discussions amongst the realms to reform the nation in order to prevent another insurrection from occurring again. The primary concerns of the realms were the near-absolute authority the Monarch & Waldreich has over the other reform and the lack of autonomy each realm has, whereas the Monarch's & Waldreich's concerns were primarily centered around granting too much autonomy to the realms. The first round of deliberations resulted in no clear results although both the Monarch and the realms agreed a series of short term solutions & commitments. Monarch & Waldreich agrees to revoke some of Eckhhard IV's most controversial laws & policies. Meanwhile the realms, in good faith, reaffirm their loyalty to the Crown and normalize relations with the Crown & Waldreich. One month after this agreement a second round of talks took place which resulted in a more comprehensive agreement. The nation's constitution was amended, establishing clear and comprehensive set of boundaries between the Monarch and realms. The Oberhaus was established as a consultative body to the reigning monarch comprised of representatives of the realm's nobility and lesser monarchs. While the Oberhaus had no ability to veto the monarch, it helped provide a much needed forum for discussion between the monarch and his most important political figures. The Oberhaus served as a discussion forum between the monarch and his or her subjects which was hoped to prevent disagreements from escalating out of hand. Though it lacked any meaningful legislative powers, historians consider the Oberhaus as a proto-legislative body and the predecessor of the modern day Reichskammern.

Second Insurrection

See main article: Second Insurrection

The Second Insurrection was a period of civil war that engulfed Brumen from 1857 until 1860 and was fought over the control of Brumen's throne. The war was fought between supporters of House Lehmann and House Braun, two rival cadet branches of the royal House Gustav. The conflict began in the middle of a plague which had gripped Brumen for nearly ten years, leaving thousands of people dead. Eldrich III, the reigning monarch and head of House Gustav died in 1850 and was succeeded by his eldest and only son, Eldrich IV, at 22 years old. Eldrich IV would ultimately contract the plague in 1854 and died not long after. As a result the entire direct line of succession of the royal House of Gustav was broken and the Kingdom entered an interregnum period. By law during the interregnum period the great houses of the Kingdom must convene in the royal capital of Dinsmark and form a regent council comprised of the heads of each great house. The purpose of the regent council was to decide and vote which next great house would become the new royal house of the Kingdom. The regent council first met in 1855 and was comprised of two major factions: supporters of Wendell of House Lehmann and supporters of Conrad of House Braun. Wendell i

Third Insurrection

The Third Insurrection, also known as the April Insurrection, was a major civil war in Brumen that lasted from 10 April 1919 until 1 April 1922 and was fought between the Absolutists, Constitutionalists and Syndicalists. The Absolutists fought to preserve Brumen's absolute monarchial system of government, the Constitutionalists wished to replace it with a constitutional monarchy whereas the Syndicalists intended to overthrow the monarchy completely and replace it with a left-wing state led by a council of workers. Historians generally agree that the conflict was by two major factors: the economic and social changes caused by the industrial revolution as well as political dissatisfaction between the monarchy and the noble houses of the Kingdom. The Third Insurrection began on 10 April 1919 initially as a series of loosely coordinated protests by members of various labor unions from armament factories in the city of Ankerplatz near the Drevstranese border where workers both walked out and occupied public areas, demanding better working conditions and higher wages. Local officials were confused by conflicting rumors and reports about the protests, with news describing the event as everything from a simple peaceful protest to a Drevstranese attack on Brumen's soil, led to a violent suppression of the protests by both law enforcement officials and a mobilization of the Grand Army of the Realm's (GAR) local garrisson which further enflamed the situation. As news of the protest and its violent suppression spread the Trade Union Congress (TUC), the largest association of labor, worker and trade unions in Brumen, organized a general strike at the city of Hafenstadt to protest the government response in Ankerplatz and demanded the same concessions. These striking workers however were shot upon by police officers and soldiers which resulted in non-members of the TUC alongside the general population attacked local army barracks and police stations to protect the striking workers. Hannes II the reigning monarch at the time issued a series of proclamations which included: making it illegal to become a member a trade union, the banning the use of public spaces to stage protests. These were swiftly followed by the signing of a Royal Decree that legalized Hannes II's proclamation, all of which were done without consulting the Oberhaus. The proclamation however was largely ignored by the nation's labor unions, and both members and non-members of labor unions walked out in solidarity and protest towards the monarch's decision.

Syndicalist movements affiliated with the TUC initiated an insurgency campaign in almost all realms across the nation. TUC strongholds include the realm of Bewahren where it had successfully taken over and controlled key government and military institutions. House Hoffman alongside Houses XX, XX and XX protested Hannes II unilateral decision to issue royal decrees without consulting the Oberhaus (House of Lords) and instead issued their own decree towards the monarch which labeled Hannes II proclamation to be null and avoid as it conflicts with the interests of the nation. In response Hannes II dissolved the Oberhaus and arrested Ulrich Hoffman, the head of House Hoffman, alongside his supporters. This led to the realm of Sudentor, the ancestral homeland of House Hoffman, to declare war upon the monarchy and demanded the abdication and exile of Hannes II, establishment of legislative and judicial bodies and the release of all prisoners. The faction led by House Hoffman becoming known as the Constitutionalists, those led by Hannes II were the Absolutists and the Syndicalists used as an umbrella term to describe the various left-wing and worker movements throughout the country. Officers and enlisted personnel of the Grand Army of the Realm (GAR) could be found in all three factions though a significant number of them sided with the Consitutionalists. Right from the start Absolutist forces found themselves fighting a war on two fronts, from the east Syndicalist insurrectionists were able to initially expand their area of control quickly with the cities of Endeheim, Gelddorf and Schonfurt falling under their control over the next three months. Constitutionalist forces were able to expel government and military officials loyal to the monarchy and began their slow conquest towards the east. Syndicalist uprisings in the west were also rampant but were quashed with considerable loss off life, though it prevented Syndicalist elements from establishing a firm foot-hold in Constitutionalist-held territories. By March 1921 all three factions had largely reached a stalemate, with no major gains by any faction for the next three months. Through various back channels the Constitutionalists and Syndicalists sought to establish an alliance to break the stalemate and decisively end the civil war. Intense behind the scene negotiations between the Constitutionalist and Syndicalists took place between July and September 1920 until a tentative agreement was reached as to how the country would be governed after Hannes II had been deposed. An informal ceasefire agreement was reached as the Constitutianalist and Syndicalist factions worked together to defeat the Absolutists. The death of Hannes II in a coup on 20 March 1922 marked the defacto end of the war with surviving leaders from the Absolutists conditionally surrendering to the Consitutionalist and Syndicalist factions. This would lead to a series of changes known as the Second Reformation, a constitution was ratified on 1 April 1922 which marks the dejure end of the Third Insurrection.

Government & Politics

Anne-Marie I, Queen of Brumen

Immanuel von Dinsmark, Chancellor of Brumen

Brumen is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Its system of government is a unique hybrid model incorporating elements of both federalism and a constitutional monarchy. Since the mid 19th century Brumen has been able to maintain a stable democratic political system with citizens at the age of 18 and above granted universal suffrage although this was not achieved until the early 20th century. Under the constitution Brumen is a federation of nine constituent realms under the permanent presidency & guidance of Waldreich, the largest and most politically influential reakn. A hereditary monarch reigns as the ceremonial head of state of the country whereas the functions of head of government are held by the Chancellor. Legislative powers are held by the Reichskammern, Brumen's bicameral legislative body. General Elections are held once every five years where both houses of the Reichskammern are dissolved and citizens elect new members to establish a continuing or even new government. The government is divided into three distinct branches: executive, legislative and judicial.

• Executive: The Monarch of Brumen is the ceremonial head of state of the nation. Within this capacity they serve as a guarantor of the Kingdom's constitution, holds limited reserve powers in the event of a political instability and can veto unconstitutional laws before they become law. The Monarch does not have the power of legislative initiative and by tradition are expected to refrain from commenting directly towards current issues especially political related ones. By doing so it is hoped that each Monarch can provide an unbiased voice of reason when it comes to matters related to the constitution, legislation and others. The Monarch of Brumen is a hereditary position from Waldreich, the line of Monarchs in the modern era have all came under the House of Braun. In 2018, Anne-Marie I was crowned as the Queen of Brumen, at 30 years old she is also the youngest female to be crowned as monarch. The Monarch of Brumen also serves as the commander-in-chief of the nation's armed forces with all soldiers swearing allegiance to the Monarch. Howevever in spite of this the Chancellor of Brumen holds the authority to make decisions on how to utilize the armed forces. The Chancellor of Brumen also serves as the head of government and the director of domestic governance, policy-making, and foreign affairs. The Chancellor is an appointed by the Monarch of Brumen as the person who commands the confidence of a majority in parliament.
• Legislative: The Reichskammern is the supreme bicameral legislative body of Brumen. Members of the Reichskammern are all democratically elected and is comprised of an upper house and lower house known as the Conclave of the Realm (Conclave) and Congress of the Realm (Congress) respectively . Congress shares the powers of legislative initiative together with the Chancellor, all laws proposed from within Congress and/or the Chancellor must be approved by members of Congress. It also monitors the nation's executive body. The Conclave meanwhile is vested with significant powers as all legislation approved by Congress must be approve by the Conclave first before it becomes law. The Conclave is given the capacity to pass or block legislation that has been passed by Congress. The power of impeachment rests with the Conclave. At its early years the Reichskammern did not exist and so the ''Oberhaus'', predecessor of the Reichskammern, acted as the nation's de-facto unicameral parliament. Its duties were similar to a modern upper house, representing the voices of each noble house from every constituent realm of the Kingdom, with the monarch of Brumen bound by law to listen to their advise and opinions on certain matters.
• Judicial: The ''Brumen Gerichtshof'' (Brumen Court of Justice - BCJ) is the country's highest court and hears final cessation appeals and conducts case reviews of civil matters. The BCJ may only oversee cases pertaining to federal law, it may not intervene in the cessation of realm laws although realm courts may refer cases to the BCJ if the court deems it necessary. The ''Königliches Verfassungsgericht'' (Royal Constitutional Court) hears matters in regards to the legality of laws, general elections and the scope of the authority of realm institutions. Judges of both courts are nominated by the serving Chancellor of the time and appointed by the Monarch.

Political system of Brumen

Constituent Realms

Brumen is comprised of nine constituent realms: Waldreich (WAL), Tauberg (TAU), Bewahren (BEW), Frieden (FRI), Graben (GRA), Hoffnung (HOF), Küsten (KUS), Sturmwolf (STU) and Sudentor (SUD). Under the constitution the Federal Government may only legislate in areas where the realms have given the Federal Government express permission as written in the constitution. For example: realms have plenary powers to legislate on matters concerning education, local government, realm criminal law and police. However all matters related to: economic & monetary policy, law & justice, foreign relations & defense are matters where only the Federal Government may legislate. Each realm retains its own ceremonial lesser Monarchs who holds various titles. The Monarch of Waldreich however holds the additional title of Queen of Brumen. Realm legislatures are known as the Realm Chambers (Reichkammern), a realm's equivalent to the Kingdom's Federal Chambers. All are bicameral and are led by a Premier who serves as a realm's head of government.

Name	Postal abbreviation	Capital	Population	Area (km2)	Conclave seats	Congress seats	Legislature	Monarch	Premier
Waldreich	WAL	Dinsmark	9,952,102	120,448	XX	110	Reichkammern of Waldreich	Anne-Marie I	TBD
Tauberg	TAU	Vermögenwald	1,471,341	22,176	XX	27	Reichkammern of Tauberg	Warin X	TBD
Bewahren	BEW	Hafenstadt	5,389,002	50,084	XX	60	Reichkammern of Bewahren	Garrit II	TBD
Frieden	FRI	Ruhewalde	1,824,561	15,264	XX	36	Reichkammern of Frieden	Otto V	TBD
Graben	GRA	Berggarten	2,372,418	12,160	XX	45	Reichkammern of Graben	Annaliesa I	TBD
Hoffnung	HOF	Zeitfeld	3,471,445	34,208	XX	49	Reichkammern of Hoffnung	Renate III	TBD
Küsten	KUS	Flusstadt	1,112,878	18,048	XX	20	Reichkammern of Küsten	Frederick IV	TBD
Sturmwolf	STW	Feierbach	3,113,787	19,712	XX	48	Reichkammern of Sturmwolf	Wilhelm VII	TBD
Sudentor	SUD	Südendorf	4,186,211	42,848	XX	55	Reichkammern of Sudentor	Brigitte XX	TBD

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Military

Mechanized Infantry of the Land Forces.

Main article: Grand Army of the Realm

The Grand Army of the Realm is the unified armed forces of the nation and is comprised of the Land Forces, Royal Navy and Air Force. Brumen maintains a personnel strength of 158,793 (86,989 active, 30,096 reserves and 41,708 paramilitaries) and supported by approximately 10,000 full time civilian staff for administration & support purposes as of 2020, a relatively small number of personnel compared to its continental neighbors. It is administered by the Department of Defense (Ministerium der Verteidigung) a civilian federal government body that administers and establishes the defense policies of the nation. Brumen's military involvements were largely limited to conflicts within Belisaria. In the present day the GAR's budget accounts for 1.95% of Brumen's GDP ($13.3 billion), though well below what analysts would define as a minimum essential force, successive Brumenese governments had cited Brumen's lack of any clear and immediate threat to its sovereignty and territorial integrity meant its budget prioritization were better spent elsewhere. In spite of this however the service neither undermanned nor underfunded given the number of servicemen and equipment it maintains combined with the budget that it has been given. Brumen's most prominent military involvement includes the Drevstranese Civil War which it was ultimately unable to successfully turn the tide of the war. The GAR was also fractured during the Third Insurrection, a period of civil war in Brumen, that saw the GAR divided between army groups that were loyal to all three factions.

Economy

See main article: Economy of Brumen

Brumen's economy is valued at approximately $684 Billion and is the 44th largest economy in the world by nominal GDP. It is categorized as a developed country with a high-income economy and maintains trade relations with its neighbors. It currently imports liquified natural gas as well as agricultural products and exports fishery products and refined petroleum to and from Gresnaya. The country has maintained an export-oriented mixed economic system where both the private and government sectors contribute to the nation's economy. The government exercises some degree of economic intervention in certain areas of the economy, specifically those tied with public goods. This hybrid combination of free market and state intervention elements makes Brumen an example of a successful mixed economic system. The concept of welfare and egalitarianism are deeply rooted in the nation's economic policy, which is why the government plays a significant role in the commercialization of public good. A publicly funded universal health care system is in place for all citizens of Brumen, whereby all citizens are eligible to receive free health services in public health institutions. This system is funded by, in part, a 2% income tax levy from all workers in the country. An additional 1.5% is imposed on those considered as high income workers. Brumen's economy is primarily driven by four areas: resource extraction & refinement, manufacturing, fishery & the services sectors. Brumen's commercial fishing industry is supported by a large trawler fleet and its exclusive economic zone which encompasses an area of 764.876 km2 (475,272 sq mi). The country possess large amounts of natural resources primarily in petroleum, minerals & fisheries. A competitive commercial banking sector and the embracement of the digitalization of the economy are among the hallmarks of Brumen's economy. The Reserve Bank of Brumen (Reservebank von Brumen) is the nation's central bank, managing the country's currency (Bon) & establishing its monetary policy. The Financial Services Authority (Finanzdienstleistungs Behörde (FSB)) is an independent government agency that regulates, monitors the financial services sector of Brumen and investigate financial crimes. All forms of both domestic & foreign financial institutions must register and be certified by the FSB, who then conduct regular audits & inspections of all registered & certified institutions in Brumen. Originally the role of regulating & monitoring the nation's financial sector was the responsibility of the Reserve Bank of Brumen but since 1999, this function has been delegated to the FSB. Brumen's large arms manufacturing industry was the result of the politically turbulent early 20th century era in East Belisaria. This prompted the Brumenese government to become self-reliant in terms of the acquisition of arms, the government promoted & supported a strong & advanced domestic arms manufacturing industry. The country's domestic arms manufacturing industry occasionally collaborates with foreign nations such as Yisrael, Onekawa-Nukanoa and Drevstran.

Science & Technology

See main article: Institute of Aeronautics & Space Exploration

Transportation & Infrastructure

See also: Rail Transport in Brumen, Realm Railway Group of Brumen, and High-speed rail in East Belisaria