Justicial State

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Greater Morwall

Greater Morwall
Flag of Greater Morwall
Motto(s): 
tbd
english translation
Anthem: tbd
MediaPlayer.png
Greater Morwall (red) in Estmere (beige).
Greater Morwall (red) in Estmere (beige).
CountryTemplate:Country data Estmere
Established13 June 1938
CapitalMorwall
Government
 • TypeSemi-parliamentary constituent entity within a federal republic
 • BodyGreater Morwall Council
 • MayorDarrell Garner (SDCP)
Area
 • Total2,116 km2 (817 sq mi)
Population
 (2015)
 • Total7,290,934
 • Density3,400/km2 (8,900/sq mi)
DemonymMorwallian
Official languages

Greater Morwall is a constituent entity and city state within the Commonwealth of Estmere, comprising the metropolitan county of the same name, and the urban core of Morwall. The state is surrounded by Flurland to the south, east and west, and borders Wealdland to the north. Greater Morwall has a population of 7.3 million. The official capital of the state is the city of Morwall in its entirity, but City Borough serves as the actual administrative centre.

The city itself has a long history, being founded as a fort town under the Solarian Empire. It quickly grew into a major settlement, which by the time of the Hexarchy was a prominent market town. Following the Conquest of Estmere it grew further, and emerged as a national capital. It was a major hub for the Industrial Revolution, which saw the city rapidly increase in size, becoming a major manufacturing centre for Estmere. The city was damaged heavily during the Great War and the Occupation of Estmere, and after the war the city was rebuilt extensively, becoming a centre for immigration and emerging as one of the most diverse and multicultural cities in Estmere. The federalisation of Estmere saw the city of Morwall and its surrounding environs granted significant autonomy as a state within Estmere, leading to the creation of modern day Greater Morwall. The boundaries of the state were expanded in 1984.

The city state is centred on the River Mor, and is geographically bounded by the Hitchin Hills and the Bywolds. Greater Morwall is comprised of twelve boroughs, which are responsible for local governance within the state. The elected borough councils which lead them are similar to city councils.

As a state within Estmere, Greater Morwall operates as a semi-parliamentary administration within a federal republic. Executive power is placed in the directly-elected Mayor, which has been Darrell Garner since 2014, and the Greater Morwall Council functions as the legislature. Greater Morwall is an important ecomonic hub for Estmere and east Euclea, with an economy comprising world-leading financial, manfucaturing and service sectors. The University of Morwall is a world-leading university, and the state is a hub for science, technology, research and development.

History

Early history

Middle ages

Industrial revolution

Post-war

Modern day

Geography

A map of Greater Morwall showing the urban area, dual ringroads, motorways and primary roads.

Greater Morwall spans the overwhelming majority of the low-lying land between the Hitchin Hills in the south and the Bywolds in the north. It is divided into the twelve boroughs, which are primarily based on ancient townships in the area. The River Mor is a major feature of the city, with the city centred on the river, comprising areas on both the south and north banks of the river. It is located in the geographic centre of Estmere as a whole. Morwall was largely rebuilt following the Great War, and as such the city state has a high number of parks. The largest of these is Green Acres in Presdon.

Greater Morwall shares no external borders, but internally it is bordered by the two other constituent entities of Flurland and Wealdland. It borders the Flurian counties of County Harcourt to the south and Coutance to the west, and the Swathish counties of Norhamshire and Farthand to the north.

The boundaries of Greater Morwall have been expanded twice; the border with Flurland was first adjusted in 1951 to resolve a minor boundary dispute. The boundaries were expanded a second time in 1982. This expansion was more controversial. The aim was to transfer of a number of suburban townships on the basis that they relied on Morwall's infrastructure but did not pay taxes to maintain it. The proposals were met with local opposition, and the issue was only resolved when the Reynolds administration mediated the dispute, resulting in Flurland ceding the regions in exchange for federal funding.

Government

Greater Morwall is a constituent entity within Estmere, with a degree of autonomy and devolution from the national government. The city state is run as as semi-parliamentary administration within the federal republic of Estmere. Darrell Garner of the SDCP has been the directly-elected Mayor of Greater Morwall since 2014, and he exercises executive power, but acts through the legislature, the Greater Morwall Council, which also acts as a check on the Mayor's power. The council is responsible for setting the strategic direction of the city state, with powers over areas including housing, state-level taxation, the provision of some social security services, and transport. Together the Mayor and the GMC comprise the Greater Morwall Authority.

The Social Democratic and Co-operative Party has been the largest party on the Greater Morwall Council since 1998, but has only had a majority on rare occassions. Since the 2019 council election, the SDCP has governed as a minority administration with support from the Estmerish Section of the Workers' International and Hope Not Hate. The Sotirian Democratic Union is the largest non-governing opposition party.

Boroughs

The twelve boroughs of Greater Morwall.

Greater Morwall is comprised of twelve boroughs, which each act as local governments with powers similar to city councils elsewhere in Estmere. Each borough is run by an elected borough council. The borough councils are responsible for the provision of local services, such as refuse collection and parking, but unlike other city councils a number of powers, such as housing, are instead held by the GMC. The boroughs themselves also have smaller neighborhoods within them, but these have no local government powers, and are merely ceremonial.

The boroughs can be divided into the traditionally affluent Outer Boroughs comprising Shadwell and Allerton, Hedley and Kensworth, Milfield, Guildley, Mormouth, Oxbrooke, and the traditionally poorer Inner Boroughs comprising Hartham, Southbeck, Presdon, Barbry, Darford. City Borough is usually considered an Inner Borough, but has many affluent areas which are sometimes seen as closer to an Outer Borough.

Demographics

Ethnic groups

Language

Religion

Education

Economy

Culture

State & overseas territory legislatures

Greater Morwall

Greater Morwall 2019.svg

Government (47)
  Social Democratic and Co-operative Party (47)
Supported by (5)
  Estmerish Section of the Workers' International (4)
  Hope Not Hate (1)
Opposition (49)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (18)
  Reform Party (7)
  Greens (6)
  Vox Estmere (6)
  Residents' Assocation (6)
  future.es (3)
  Estmere First (2)
  Reason Party (1)

Flurland

Flurland 2020.svg

Government (158)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (158)
Opposition (155)
  Social Democratic and Co-operative Party (60)
  Reform Party (21)
  Greens (21)
  Estmere First (15)
  Liberty Party (12)
  Vox Estmere (10)
  Independents (10)
  Estmerish Section of the Workers' International (3)
  Flurian Language League (3)

Wealdland

Wealdland 2018.svg

Government (188)
  Social Democratic and Co-operative Party (137)
  Party of the Swathish (51)
Supported by (6)
  Aldman Democratic Alliance (6)
Opposition (161)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (106)
  Reform Party (23)
  Estmerish Section of the Workers' International (11)
  Greens (10)
  Estmere First (9)
  Hope Not Hate (2)

Kingsport

Kingsport 2017.svg

Government (32)
  Kingsport Socialist Co-operative Party (17)
  Kingsport Alliance for Change (9)
  The Kingsport Alternative (6)
Opposition (23)
  Kingsport United (13)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (8)
  Kabuese Section of the Workers' International (2)

St Roberts and Fleming

St Roberts & Fleming 2018.svg

Government (30)
  Sotirian Social Democratic Party (30)
Supported by (4)
  Integration with Estmere Party (4)
Opposition (33)
  Social Democratic Liberation Party (19)
  Social Liberal Democratic Party (12)
  St Roberts and Fleming Section of the Workers' International (2)

List of Estmerish governments

President Head of government Governing parties Government
1938 Wolfgar Godfredson Lawrence Montgomerie SPP NDP ULP RR Montgomerie ministry
1939 Hugo Gilbert SPP NDP ULP RR Gilbert ministry
1941 SPP NDP RR
1941 Vincent Holmes SDCP First Holmes ministry
1945 SDCP RL ESWI Second Holmes ministry
1949 Richard Moore Moore ministry
1949 Theodore Spencer SPP NDP First Spencer ministry
1953 Louis de Neville Fabian Young SDCP ULP RL Young ministry
1955 Theodore Spencer SPP NDP Second Spencer ministry
1959 Third Spencer ministry
1960 SDU
1961 Guian FitzHubert First FitzHubert ministry
1963 Anthony Atkinson SDU ULP Second FitzHubert ministry
1965 Harry Hamilton Harry Hamilton ministry
1966 Isaac Mosset SDU RR First Mosset ministry
1967 Kenneth Lawson SDCP ULP ESWI RL First Lawson ministry
1968 Milo Morris
1971 SDCP (minority) Second Lawson ministry
1972 William Prentice Prentice ministry
1973 David Armstrong First Armstrong ministry
1973 SDCP ULP RL Second Armstrong ministry
1976 Isaac Mosset SDU (caretaker) Second Mosset ministry
1977 SDU (minority) Third Mosset ministry
1978 Rufus Wilson
1980 Michael Lowe Lowe ministry
1981 Robert Reynolds Reform First Reynolds ministry
1983 Calvin Wright
1984 Reform (minority) Second Reynolds ministry
1988 Third Reynolds ministry
1990 Melissa Smith Smith ministry
1992 Charles Phillips SDU (minority) First Phillips ministry
1993 David Russell
1996 Second Phillips ministry
1997 Richard Hamilton SDU EF Richard Hamilton ministry
1998 John Stephenson SDU (minority) Stephenson ministry
1999 Heidi Reid Reform (minority) First Reid ministry
2003 Toby Brown Reform SDCP Second Reid ministry
2005 Reform (minority) Third Reid ministry
2007 Reform SDU Fourth Reid ministry
2008 Alice Roberts Daniel Hawkins First Hawkins ministry
2008 Reform (minority) Second Hawkins ministry
2012 Matthew Dawson SDU (minority) First Dawson ministry
2015 Alan Baskerville Baskerville interim ministry
2016 Richard Graham First Graham ministry
2016 SDU Reform Second Graham ministry
2018 Reginald Wilton-Smyth First Wilton-Smyth ministry
2018 Second Wilton-Smyth ministry
2021 Zoe Halivar SDCP (minority) Halivar ministry

Neeves

Neeves
GaldhøpiggenFromFannaråki.jpg
Mount Verdant, the highest mountain in the Neeves, from the Estmerish side
Highest point
PeakMount Verdant
Dimensions
Length1,030 km (640 mi)
Width140 km (87 mi)
Area74,135 km2 (28,624 sq mi)
Naming
EtymologyFrom Montes Nivium, the Solarian name for the range
TranslationSnowy Mountains
Geography
CountriesAlsland, Borland, Estmere, Kirenia and Werania

The Neeves are one of the largest and tallest mountain ranges in Euclea, with the height of the range seocnd only to the Aventines. The mountains span across northern Euclea, stretching approximately 1,030 km (644 mi) through five countries; Alsland, Borland, Estmere, Kirenia and Werania.

The mountain range has had a significant effect on the climate and history of northern Euclea. Lands to the south of the range, such as Estmerish Highlands, are significantly drier, as they are within the rain shadow of the Neeves. As a major barrier to movement, the range has been a natural border for centuries; forming part of the northern border of the Solarian Empire and acting as a major southern boundary to the Rudolphine Confederation. In modern history, the Neeves allowed for Longwoodshire to resist the Gaullican advance during the Great War.

There has also been significant human habitation of the Neeves, dating back to at least the Paleolithic. These inhabitants have embraced cultures unique to those living in the surrounding areas; and this has persisted into contemporary times. Traditional industries such as animal herding, cheesemaking and mining were particulaly impactful on creating a unique Neevan culture across borders.

The economy of the region shifted at the turn of the last century. Tourism, particularly that revolving around skiing, has emerged as the primary driver of economic growth in the region, with traditional industries declining. Despite this, the cultural identity of the region has remained distinct.

Etymology, toponymy and names

Geography

Highest mountains

Climate

History

Prehistory

Solarians

Medieval era

Euclean Spring

Contemporary history

Economy

Tourism

Natural resources

People and culture

Largest cities

1982 Shoreham by-election

Shoreham by-election
← 1981 11 July 1982 1984 →

Shoreham parliamentary seat
  First party Second party
  Blank Blank
Candidate Harry Peterson Andrew Times
Party Greens Reform
Popular vote 10,522 6,410
Percentage 34.8% 21.2%
Swing Increase32.9% Decrease18.0%

  Third party Fourth party
  Blank Blank
Candidate Gregory Houchingdon Anthony Burgess
Party SDU SDCP
Popular vote 6,289 5,261
Percentage 20.8% 17.4%
Swing Decrease20.9% Increase1.7%

MP before election

David Johnson
Sotirian Democratic Union

Subsequent MP

Harry Peterson
Greens

A Shoreham by-election was held on 11 July 1982. The by-election was caused by the death of David Johnson on 7 May 1982, who had been elected on behalf of the Sotirian Democratic Union as the Member of Parliament for Shoreham less than a year prior.

The seat was traditionally an SDU-Radical Liberal (and later Reform Party) marginal, but the approval of a new nuclear power plant near the seat (approved by the previous SDU government and upheld by the new Reform government) majorly shifted the balance of power in the seat. The local anti-nuclear movement became a major factor, and the power plant itself became a major issue in the campaign. The Greens were able to flex their anti-nuclear credentials and act as a protest vote for both liberal and conservative voters in the seat.

The by-election was notable in that it saw the Greens win their first parliamentary constituency, catapulting them from extra-parliamentary opposition. The result was an embarassment for the SDU, and to a lesser extent to the governing Reform Party. The power plant's construction was paused indefinitely, and the seat was ultimately gained by the Reform Party in the next election, with the Greens in fourth place.

Candidates

Campaign

Results

Shoreham by-election, 1982
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Greens Harry Peterson 10,522 34.8 + 32.9
Reform Andrew Times 6,410 21.2 - 18.0
SDU Gregory Houchingdon 6,289 20.8 - 20.9
SDCP Anthony Burgess 5,261 17.4 + 1.7
Majority 0,000 0.0 - 0.0
Turnout 30,236 00.0 + 0.0
Greens gain from Sotirian Democratic Union Swing


10,522 34.8% 6,410 21.2% 6,289 20.8% 5,261 17.4% 1,754 5.8%


41.7% 39.2% 15.7% 1.9% 1.5%


Aftermath

2021 Reform Party leadership election

2021 Reform Party leadership election
← 2014 22 July – 2 August 2021 (2021-07-22 – 2021-08-02)
Turnout61.4% (Decrease3.2pp)
  TimFarronPortrait.jpg LibDems 1009885 (40662309063).jpg
Candidate Jim Reynolds Marjanne Sudermann
Popular vote 68,476 25,585
Percentage 72.8% 27.2%

Leader before election

Esther Bennett

Elected Leader

Jim Reynolds

The 2021 Reform Party leadership election was held between 22 July and 2 August 2021 to elect a new leader of the Reform Party, after previous leader Esther Bennett resigned following the poor performance of the party in the 2021 general election.

A number of party members initially made known that they were interested in standing for the leadership. Former cabinet ministers Andrew Sinclair, Roseline Perrier, Nicola Ramsey and Marjanne Sudermann all put themselves forward for the leadership. On 12 July, party backbencher Jim Reynolds announced his intention to stand for the leadership as a unity candidate. Sinclair, Ramsey and Perrier withdrew and endorsed Reynolds.

Nominations closed on 18 July, with Reynolds and Sudermann as the only candidates. The final ballot saw Reynolds secure 72.8% of votes from the party membership, and he was declared as the new leader of the party on 2 August.

Background

The Reform Party had been led by Esther Bennett since her election as leader in October 2014. Bennett had succeeded former Prime Minister Daniel Hawkins. She sought to lead the party back to power in the 2016 general election, but was instead forced to sign a coalition deal with the Sotirian Democratic Union, her party's historic rivals.

Bennett served as Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Secretary from 2016 until 2021, with a number of other high-ranking Reform politicians serving in a number of roles in the cabinet, first under Richard Graham and then under Reginald Wilton-Smyth. Her party experienced a poor result in the 2018 election, and in the 2021 election Bennett lost her seat of Tolbury Outer. The party saw a 9.6% swing against them in the party preference vote, and a 6.8% swing against them in the constituency vote. The party lost 57 seats, and the party's tepid reponse to the gambled pensions scandal was partially blamed for this.

Bennett resigned as leader. Deputy leader Andrew Sinclair became acting leader, while party president Charles Crampton became responsible for organising a leadership election.

Procedure

The procedure for a leadership election is outlined in the party's Governing Directives. When Esther Bennett announced her intention to stand down as leader, the Executive Committee - chaired by Party President Charles Crampton - was called to action in order to establish a timetable. The Committee met on 5 June, and officially released the timetable on 7 June.

Elections for Reform Party leadership positions use preferential voting, with voters able to rank candidates in order of their preference. According to the Governing Directives, the electorate for internal elections is comprised of all who held party membership at the time nominations open, establishing an effective cut-off date for membership in this election of 24 June.

The directives also outline the requirements for candidates. They must be a federal MP, and have to recieved nominations from either 5% (2) of the parliamentary Reform Party, 10% (7) of the party's (or sister party's) elected representatives across the constituent entities, or more than 1,000 ordinary party members.

Timetable

Key dates in the leadership election are listed below:

28 May Esther Bennett steps down
7 June Executive Committee sets timetable
25 June Nominations open
18 July Nominations close
22 July Voting begins
1 August Voting ends
2 August Results announced

Campaign

The first candidate to self-nominate for the position was Roseline Perrier, who announced her intention on 2 July. As former Euclean Secretary, Perrier said that her leadership would focus on "open, liberal leadership" and a "firm committment" to the Euclean Community. On 3 July, Marjanne Sudermann announced her candidacy. Sudermann is an ethnic Aldman, arguably one of the most high-profile Aldmans in Estmerish politics, and former Equalities Secretary. She claimed that protecting the rights of linguistic and ethnic minorities would form a key pillar to her leadership.

Party deputy leader and former Justice Secretary Andrew Sinclair put himself forward on 4 July, as the "moderate, free-thinking" alternative with "experience to spare". He was followed by Nicola Ramsey, the former Labour and Business Secretary, on 7 July, who had previously explored Reform's options with entering coalition with the SDCP, and is considered to be on the party's left.

On 12 July, Jim Reynolds announced his intention to seek the leadership. As the son of party founder Robert Reynolds and as Defence Secretary in the Second Reid ministry, Reynolds had been widely seen as a potential leader for some time. He announced his intention to "unite the party", by "returning to its roots". After he announced his intention to stand, Sinclair, Perrier and Ramsey all withdrew from the race on the same day and announced their support for Reynolds. Sudermann remained in the race.

Both candidates recieved enough nominations from MPs by 13 July. Reynolds had recieved more nominations than Sudermann by the close of nominations on 18 July.

Reynolds was considered the frontrunner among the final two candidates, having more name recognition and being the only candidate to have served in a Reform-led government. Sudermann was considered to be from the party's left, as a social liberal and a progressive, while Reynolds was seen as a party centrist and a unifying figure. Both candidates have criticised the party's coalition with the Sotirian Democratic Union; but Reynolds' criticism was seen as more authentic as, unlike Sudermann, he did not serve in Wilton-Smyth's government.

Candidates

Declared

Candidate Most recent position Constituency Announced Campaign logo
Tim Farron election infoboxes.jpg
Jim Reynolds
Secretary of State for Defence
(2003-2007)
Hazelham and Grenfield 12 July 2021 reynolds logo.png
Wera Hobhouse, Jo Cox memorial picnic.jpg
Marjanne Sudermann
Secretary of State for Equalities
(2018-2021)
Wealdland List 3 July 2021 sudermann logo.png

Withdrawn

Candidate Most recent position Constituency Announced Withdrew Campaign logo
Johnson (48791303991) (cropped).jpg
Andrew Sinclair
Secretary of State for Justice
(2016-2021)
Colton North 4 July 12 July
(endorsed Reynolds)
2021 sinclair logo.png
Ruth Davidson 2017 Crop.jpg
Nicola Ramsey
Secretary of State for Labour, Business and Social Dialogue
(2018-2021)
Driscoll and the Borders 7 July 12 July
(endorsed Reynolds)
Jo Swinson election infobox.jpg
Roseline Perrier
Secretary of State for the Euclean Community
(2017-2021)
Flurland List 2 July 12 July
(endorsed Reynolds)
2021 perrier logo.png

Declined

Endorsements

Jim Reynolds

Marjanne Sudermann

Results

Results
Candidate Votes %
Tim Farron election infoboxes.jpg Green tickY Jim Reynolds 68,476
72.8
Wera Hobhouse, Jo Cox memorial picnic.jpg Marjanne Sudermann 25,585
27.2
Total 94,061 Turnout 61.4

Wealdland

Sister Republic of Wealdland
tbd
Flag of Sister Republic of Wealdland
Motto(s): 
tbd
english translation
Anthem: tbd
MediaPlayer.png
Wealdland (red) in Estmere (beige).
Wealdland (red) in Estmere (beige).
CountryTemplate:Country data Estmere
Established13 June 1938
CapitalTolbury
Government
 • TypeParliamentary constituent entity within a federal republic
 • BodyFolkmoot
 • First MinisterClive Morton (SDCP)
Population
 (2015)
 • Total27,933,124
Demonyms
  • Swathish
  • Wealdish
  • Swatch (archaic)
Official languages

Wealdland (Swathish: tbd), officially the Sister Republic of Wealdland (Swathish: tbd), is a constituent entity within the Commonwealth of Estmere. Internally, it borders Flurland and Greater Morwall to the south; it shares international borders with Borland, Werania, Alsland, Kirenia and Hennehouwe.

Education in Estmere

Age Compulsorary? Year School Division Final exam
3 to 4 No Nursery None
4 to 5 Yes Preparatory Primary Infant
5 to 6 Year 1
6 to 7 Year 2 Basic Comprehension Exams
7 to 8 Year 3 Junior None
8 to 9 Year 4
9 to 10 Year 5
10 to 11 Year 6 Advanced Comprehension Exams
Eleven+
11 to 12 Year 7 Comprehensive Grammar Technical Lower senior None
12 to 13 Year 8
13 to 14 Year 9
14 to 15 Year 10 Upper senior
15 to 16 Year 11 Basic Certificates Vocational Qualifications
Level 1
16 to 17 No Year 12 College Lower collegiate None
17 to 18 Year 13 Upper collegiate Advanced Certificates Vocational Qualifications
Level 2

Alte Bruderschaft

Weranian Premier Otto von Hößlin (left) with former Estmerish Prime Minister Reginald Wilton-Smyth in 2018. Wilton-Smyth and von Hößlin were seen as particularly committed to the Alte Bruderschaft.

The Alte Bruderschaft (Estmerish: Old Brotherhood) is a term often used to describe the special relationship between Estmere and Werania, in the form of the close culutral, diplomatic, economic, political and military relations that the two nations share. Both countries share a historic relationship, and the two have shared an alliance in one form or another since Weranian Unification; as such, the two have participated jointly in a number of conflicts, such as the War of the Triple Alliance, the Great War, the Solarian War, the Kirenian-Weranian War and the Tsabaran Civil War.

The term was first coined by Weranian foreign minister Adolf Ritter von Kral in 1883, following the peaceful resolution of the Lake Edward dispute. It was used more broadly in the run up to the Great War The term has subsequently been used by leaders and commentators from both countries.

Historically, the bruderschaft has greatly influenced Euclea. Starting with Estmerish support for the unification of Werania, the relationship and alliance between the two countries would later serve as the primary anchor around which the Grand Alliance was built. The relationship was instrumental in Werania's accession to the Euclean Community, and within the EC the two countries have repeatedly acted together for their mutual interest.

The strength of the Alte Bruderschaft has fluctuated over time, and its political component is seen as dependent on the leadership of the two countries. There have been a number of particularly close relationships among the heads of government of the two countries, such as between Viktor Beer-Hofmann and Fabian Young, between Ludolf Ostermann and Robert Reynolds, between Heidi Reid and Rasa Šimonytė, and recently between Reginald Wilton-Smyth and Otto von Hößlin. Critics have disputed the extent of the Bruderschaft, particularly in terms of its political, diplomatic and military aspects.

Name and terminology

Weranian foreign minister Adolf Ritter von Kral made the first recorded use of the term in 1883, in conversation with the Estmerish ambassador and the Weranian press. This was following the conclusion of the Lake Edward dispute, in which Werania and Estmere peacefully resolved a colonial border crisis. Von Kral hailed the Alte Bruderschaft that the two nations shared. He made note of the shared history and culture of the two countries, commenting on the mutual influences on each nation's cuisine, culture and political systems. After it's use by von Kral, the term became widely used in both Estmere and Werania, and has been used by leaders and commentators from both countries since.

History

Relationships of the Alte Bruderschaft
Duration Prime Minister Premier
1934–1937 Godfredson Röttgen
1937–1938 Godfredson von Pittermann
1938–1939 Montgomerie von Pittermann
1939 Montgomerie Nischwitz
1939–1941 Gilbert Nischwitz
1941 Gilbert zu Kolbenheyer
1941–1944 Holmes zu Kolbenheyer
1941–1949 Holmes Rössler
1949 Moore Rössler
1949–1950 Spencer Rössler
1950 Spencer von Günther
1950–1953 Spencer Beer-Hofmann
1953–1955 Young Beer-Hofmann
1955 Young Vogel
1955–1960 Spencer Vogel
1960–1961 Spencer Stahl
1961–1963 FitzHubert Stahl
1963–1965 Hamilton Wiefelspütz
1965–1966 Hamilton Wiefelspütz
1966 Mosset Wiefelspütz
1966–1967 Mosset von Münstermann
1967–1969 Lawson von Münstermann
1969–1972 Lawson Welskopf-Henrich
1972 Lawson Wiefelspütz
1972–1973 Prentice Wiefelspütz
1973–1975 Armstrong Wiefelspütz
1975–1976 Armstrong Zollitsch
1976–1980 Mosset Zollitsch
1980 Mosset Vinkauskas
1980–1981 Lowe Vinkauskas
1981–1984 Reynolds Vinkauskas
1984–1990 Reynolds Ostermann
1990–1992 Smith Ostermann
1992–1993 Phillips Ostermann
1993–1997 Phillips Löscher
1997–1998 Hamilton Löscher
1998–1999 Stephenson Löscher
1999 Stephenson Šimonytė
1999–2008 Reid Šimonytė
2008–2009 Hawkins Šimonytė
2009–2011 Hawkins Wittmann
2011–2012 Hawkins Koopmann
2012–2013 Dawson Koopmann
2013–2015 Dawson Oberhauser
2015–2016 Baskerville Oberhauser
2016–2018 Graham Oberhauser
2018 Graham Felder
2018–2019 Wilton-Smyth Felder
2019–2021 Wilton-Smyth von Hößlin
2021 Halivar von Hößlin

Origins and background

Contemporary relations

Military co-operation

Economic policy and trade relationship

Shared foreign policy

Cultural connections

Pulbic opinion

Parliament of Estmere

Parliament of Estmere

Folkmoot of Eastmarchon
Parlement d'Estme
25th Parliament
Type
Type
ChambersChamber of Peers
Chamber of Commons
History
FoundedJune 13, 1938 (1938-06-13)
Preceded byConstitutional Assembly
Leadership
Alice Roberts, Independent
since 9 August 2008
Dominic Penderghast, Non-partisan
since 30 May 2013
Lesley Lewin, Non-partisan
since 16 June 2018
Zoe Halivar, SDCP
since 3 June 2021
Reginald Wilton-Smyth, SDU
since 3 June 2021
Structure
Seats900
300 (Peers)
600 (Commons)
Estmere 2021 Chamber of Peers.svg
Chamber of Peers political groups
Government (76)
  SDCP (76)
Supported by (10)
  Greens (6)
  ESWI (4)
Crossbenchers (100)
  Crossbenchers (100)
Official opposition (60)
  SDU (60)
Other opposition (54)
  Reform (42)
  PS (12)
File:2021 Estmere Parliament.svg
Chamber of Commons political groups
Government (253)
  SDCP (253)
Supported by (78)
  Greens (40)
  ESWI (21)
  Vox Estmere (10)
  future.es (7)
Official opposition (199)
  SDU (199)
Other opposition (70)
  Reform (44)
  SCCA (14)
  PS (10)
  ADA (2)
Elections
Additional member system
Last election
27 May 2021
Next election
On or before 26 May 2025
Meeting place
Manchester Town Hall from Lloyd St.jpg
Parliament Building
City of Morwall, Greater Morwall
Commonwealth of Estmere
Website
parliament.gov.es

The Parliament of Estmere (Swathish: Folkmoot of Eastmarchon, Flurian: Parlement d'Estme) is the supreme bicameral legislative body of Estmere. Parliament consists of two chambers, the upper chamber being the Chamber of Peers and the lower chamber being the Chamber of Commons.

Parliament possesses legislative supremacy and parliamentary sovereignty. Among the two chambers, the Commons is considered supreme, drafts all legislation and can overrule the Chamber of Peers, in a case of imperfect bicameralism. Parliament meets in Parliament Building, in the Borough of the City of Morwall. Parliamentary terms can last for a maximum of four years, after which another election must be held.

The Chamber of Commons is elected through the additional member system, and therefore Members can be elected to represent a constituency, or as part of a party list representing one of the constituent entities. The Chamber of Peers is appointed, with Peers appointed to serve for a single ten year term. Peers can be appointed either by the President (in which case they must be politically neutral crossbenchers) or by the constituent entities.

The most recent general election was held on 27 May 2021; the next must be held on or before 26 May 2025.

History

Humble beginnings

Aftermath of the Great Anarchy

Emergence of the burghess class

Rise of the Prime Minister

Constitutional monarchy

Transitional authority

Contemporary history

Composition

Powers

Procedure

Activities

Committees

Current membership

Constituencies

1945 election

Wolfgar Godfredson

Wolfgar Godfredson
Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Harris.jpg
Inaugural photograph of Wolfgar Godfredson, 1938
1st President of Estmere
In office
27 August 1938 – 27 August 1953
Prime MinisterLawrence Montgomerie
Hugo Gilbert
Vincent Holmes
Richard Moore
Theodore Spencer
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byLouis de Neville
Chairperson of the Transitional Authority
In office
2 October 1934 – 27 August 1938
DeputyLawrence Montgomerie
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byOffice abolished
Personal details
Born
Wolfgar Edwin Arthur Godfredson

(1892-03-11)March 11, 1892
Tolbury, Estmere
DiedAugust 25, 1984(1984-08-25) (aged 92)
Longwood, Wealdland, Estmere
CitizenshipEstmere
Political partyIndependent
Military service
AllegianceTemplate:Country data Great Estmere
Template:Country data Fighting Estmere
Branch/serviceEstmerish Army
Estmerish Liberation Army
RankMarshal
Battles/warsGreat War

Wolfgar Edwin Arthur Godfredson (11 March 1892 – 25 August 1984)