Justicial State

University of Morwall

University of Morwall

Solarian: Universitas Mariniensis
Latin: Universitas Mariniensis
Type	Public research university

The University of Morwall is a collegiate public research university centred in Morwall, Estmere. The university recieved its royal charter in 1313, having been officially founded in 1298. This makes Morwall one of the oldest universities in continuous operation, and the third-oldest university in Estmere. It is one of the three ancient universities which make up the prestigious Molbridge triangle, along with Damesbridge and Tolbury.

As a collegiate institution, the University of Morwall is comprised of constituent colleges. Every student is a member of one college. The colleges are semi-autonomous and self-governing, with their own internal structures and actitivies. The colleges themselves can be divided into the older holistic colleges, which provide a well-rounded education, and the newer collegiate institutes, which are structured around a single subject focus.

Greater Morwall

Greater Morwall
Constituent Entity
Flag
Motto(s):  tbd english translation
Anthem: tbd
Greater Morwall (red) in Estmere (beige).
Country	Template:Country data Estmere
Established	13 June 1938
Capital	Morwall
Government
• Type	Semi-parliamentary constituent entity within a federal republic
• Body	Greater Morwall Council
• Mayor	Darrell Garner (SDCP)
Area
• Total	2,116 km2 (817 sq mi)
Population  (2015)
• Total	7,290,934
• Density	3,400/km2 (8,900/sq mi)
Demonym	Morwallian
Official languages	Estmerish Flurian Swathish

Greater Morwall is a constituent entity and city state within the Commonwealth of Estmere, comprising the metropolitan county of the same name, and the urban core of Morwall. The state is surrounded by Flurland to the south, east and west, and borders Wealdland to the north. Greater Morwall has a population of 7.3 million. The official capital of the state is the city of Morwall in its entirity, but City Borough serves as the actual administrative centre.

The city itself has a long history, being founded as a fort town under the Solarian Empire. It quickly grew into a major settlement, which by the time of the Hexarchy was a prominent market town. Following the Conquest of Estmere it grew further, and emerged as a national capital. It was a major hub for the Industrial Revolution, which saw the city rapidly increase in size, becoming a major manufacturing centre for Estmere. The city was damaged heavily during the Great War and the Occupation of Estmere, and after the war the city was rebuilt extensively, becoming a centre for immigration and emerging as one of the most diverse and multicultural cities in Estmere. The federalisation of Estmere saw the city of Morwall and its surrounding environs granted significant autonomy as a state within Estmere, leading to the creation of modern day Greater Morwall. The boundaries of the state were expanded in 1984.

The city state is centred on the River Mor, and is geographically bounded by the Hitchin Hills and the Bywolds. Greater Morwall is comprised of twelve boroughs, which are responsible for local governance within the state. The elected borough councils which lead them are similar to city councils.

As a state within Estmere, Greater Morwall operates as a semi-parliamentary administration within a federal republic. Executive power is placed in the directly-elected Mayor, which has been Darrell Garner since 2014, and the Greater Morwall Council functions as the legislature. Greater Morwall is an important ecomonic hub for Estmere and east Euclea, with an economy comprising world-leading financial, manufacturing and service sectors. The University of Morwall is a world-leading university, and the state is a hub for science, technology, research and development.

Geography

A map of Greater Morwall showing the urban area, dual ringroads, motorways and primary roads.

Greater Morwall spans the overwhelming majority of the low-lying land between the Hitchin Hills in the south and the Bywolds in the north. It is divided into the twelve boroughs, which are primarily based on ancient townships in the area. The River Mor is a major feature of the city, with the city centred on the river, comprising areas on both the south and north banks of the river. It is located in the geographic centre of Estmere as a whole. Morwall was largely rebuilt following the Great War, and as such the city state has a high number of parks. The most prominent of these is Green Acres in Presdon.

Greater Morwall shares no external borders, but internally it is bordered by the two other constituent entities of Flurland and Wealdland. It borders the Flurian counties of County Harcourt to the south and Coutance to the west, and the Swathish counties of Norhamshire and Farthand to the north.

The boundaries of Greater Morwall have been expanded twice; the border with Flurland was first adjusted in 1951 to resolve a minor boundary dispute. The boundaries were expanded a second time in 1982. This expansion was more controversial. The aim was to transfer of a number of suburban townships on the basis that they relied on Morwall's infrastructure but did not pay taxes to maintain it. The proposals were met with local opposition, and the issue was only resolved when the Reynolds administration mediated the dispute, resulting in Flurland ceding the regions in exchange for federal funding.

Government

Main article: Greater Morwall Council

Greater Morwall is a constituent entity within Estmere, with a degree of autonomy and devolution from the national government. The city state is run as as semi-parliamentary administration within the federal republic of Estmere. Darrell Garner of the SDCP has been the directly-elected Mayor of Greater Morwall since 2014, and he exercises executive power, but acts through the legislature, the Greater Morwall Council, which also acts as a check on the Mayor's power. The council is responsible for setting the strategic direction of the city state, with powers over areas including housing, state-level taxation, the provision of some social security services, and transport. Together the Mayor and the GMC comprise the Greater Morwall Authority.

The Social Democratic and Co-operative Party has been the largest party on the Greater Morwall Council since 1998, but has only had a majority on rare occassions. Since the 2019 council election, the SDCP has governed as a minority administration with support from the Estmerish Section of the Workers' International and Hope Not Hate. The Sotirian Democratic Union is the largest non-governing opposition party.

Boroughs

Main article: Counties of Estmere § Boroughs

The twelve boroughs of Greater Morwall.

Greater Morwall is comprised of twelve boroughs, which each act as local governments with powers similar to city councils elsewhere in Estmere. Each borough is run by an elected borough council. The borough councils are responsible for the provision of local services, such as refuse collection and parking, but unlike other city councils a number of powers, such as housing, are instead held by the GMC. The boroughs themselves also have smaller neighborhoods within them, but these have no local government powers, and are merely ceremonial.

The boroughs can be divided into the traditionally affluent Outer Boroughs comprising Shadwell and Allerton, Hedley and Kensworth, Milfield, Guildley, Mormouth, Oxbrooke, and the traditionally poorer Inner Boroughs comprising Hartham, Southbeck, Presdon, Barbry, Darford. City Borough is usually considered an Inner Borough, but has many affluent areas which are sometimes seen as closer to an Outer Borough.

State & overseas territory legislatures

Greater Morwall

Government (47)
  Social Democratic and Co-operative Party (47)
Supported by (5)
  Estmerish Section of the Workers' International (4)
  Hope Not Hate (1)
Opposition (49)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (18)
  Reform Party (7)
  Greens (6)
  Vox Estmere (6)
  Residents' Assocation (6)
  future.es (3)
  Estmere First (2)
  Reason Party (1)

Flurland

Government (158)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (158)
Opposition (155)
  Social Democratic and Co-operative Party (60)
  Reform Party (21)
  Greens (21)
  Estmere First (15)
  Liberty Party (12)
  Vox Estmere (10)
  Independents (10)
  Estmerish Section of the Workers' International (3)
  Flurian Language League (3)

Wealdland

Government (188)
  Social Democratic and Co-operative Party (137)
  Party of the Swathish (51)
Supported by (6)
  Aldman Democratic Alliance (6)
Opposition (161)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (106)
  Reform Party (23)
  Estmerish Section of the Workers' International (11)
  Greens (10)
  Estmere First (9)
  Hope Not Hate (2)

Kingsport

Government (32)
  Kingsport Socialist Co-operative Party (17)
  Kingsport Alliance for Change (9)
  The Kingsport Alternative (6)
Opposition (23)
  Kingsport United (13)
  Sotirian Democratic Union (8)
  Kabuese Section of the Workers' International (2)

St Roberts and Fleming

Government (30)
  Sotirian Social Democratic Party (30)
Supported by (4)
  Integration with Estmere Party (4)
Opposition (33)
  Social Democratic Liberation Party (19)
  Social Liberal Democratic Party (12)
  St Roberts and Fleming Section of the Workers' International (2)

List of Estmerish governments

	President	Head of government		Governing parties				Government
1938	Wolfgar Godfredson		Lawrence Montgomerie	SPP	NDP	ULP	RR	Montgomerie ministry
1939			Hugo Gilbert	SPP	NDP	ULP	RR	Gilbert ministry
1941				SPP		NDP	RR
1941			Vincent Holmes	SDCP				First Holmes ministry
1945				SDCP		RL	ESWI	Second Holmes ministry
1949			Richard Moore					Moore ministry
1949			Theodore Spencer	SPP		NDP		First Spencer ministry
1953	Louis de Neville		Fabian Young	SDCP		ULP	RL	Young ministry
1955			Theodore Spencer	SPP		NDP		Second Spencer ministry
1959								Third Spencer ministry
1960				SDU
1961			Guian FitzHubert					First FitzHubert ministry
1963	Anthony Atkinson			SDU		ULP		Second FitzHubert ministry
1965			Harry Hamilton					Harry Hamilton ministry
1966			Isaac Mosset	SDU		RR		First Mosset ministry
1967			Kenneth Lawson	SDCP	ULP	ESWI	RL	First Lawson ministry
1968	Milo Morris
1971				SDCP (minority)				Second Lawson ministry
1972			William Prentice					Prentice ministry
1973			David Armstrong					First Armstrong ministry
1973				SDCP		ULP	RL	Second Armstrong ministry
1976			Isaac Mosset	SDU (caretaker)				Second Mosset ministry
1977				SDU (minority)				Third Mosset ministry
1978	Rufus Wilson
1980			Michael Lowe					Lowe ministry
1981			Robert Reynolds	Reform				First Reynolds ministry
1983	Calvin Wright
1984				Reform (minority)				Second Reynolds ministry
1988								Third Reynolds ministry
1990			Melissa Smith					Smith ministry
1992			Charles Phillips	SDU (minority)				First Phillips ministry
1993	David Russell
1996								Second Phillips ministry
1997			Richard Hamilton	SDU		EF		Richard Hamilton ministry
1998			John Stephenson	SDU (minority)				Stephenson ministry
1999			Heidi Reid	Reform (minority)				First Reid ministry
2003	Toby Brown			Reform		SDCP		Second Reid ministry
2005				Reform (minority)				Third Reid ministry
2007				Reform		SDU		Fourth Reid ministry
2008	Alice Roberts		Daniel Hawkins					First Hawkins ministry
2008				Reform (minority)				Second Hawkins ministry
2012			Matthew Dawson	SDU (minority)				First Dawson ministry
2015			Alan Baskerville					Baskerville interim ministry
2016			Richard Graham					First Graham ministry
2016				SDU		Reform		Second Graham ministry
2018			Reginald Wilton-Smyth					First Wilton-Smyth ministry
2018								Second Wilton-Smyth ministry
2021			Zoe Halivar	SDCP (minority)				Halivar ministry

Neeves

Neeves
Nüven (Aldman) Neeven (Borish) Niven (Dellish) Nivid (Kirenian) Nevies (Swathish) Nieven (Weranian)
Mount Verdant, the highest mountain in the Neeves, from the Estmerish side
Highest point
Peak	Mount Verdant
Dimensions
Length	1,030 km (640 mi)
Width	140 km (87 mi)
Area	74,135 km2 (28,624 sq mi)
Naming
Etymology	From Montes Nivium, the Solarian name for the range
Translation	Snowy Mountains
Geography
Countries	Alsland, Borland, Estmere, Kirenia and Werania

The Neeves are one of the largest and tallest mountain ranges in Euclea, with the height of the range seocnd only to the Aventines. The mountains span across northern Euclea, stretching approximately 1,030 km (644 mi) through five countries; Alsland, Borland, Estmere, Kirenia and Werania.

The mountain range has had a significant effect on the climate and history of northern Euclea. Lands to the south of the range, such as Estmerish Highlands, are significantly drier, as they are within the rain shadow of the Neeves. As a major barrier to movement, the range has been a natural border for centuries; forming part of the northern border of the Solarian Empire and acting as a major southern boundary to the Rudolphine Confederation. In modern history, the Neeves allowed for Longwoodshire to resist the Gaullican advance during the Great War.

There has also been significant human habitation of the Neeves, dating back to at least the Paleolithic. These inhabitants have embraced cultures unique to those living in the surrounding areas; and this has persisted into contemporary times. Traditional industries such as animal herding, cheesemaking and mining were particulaly impactful on creating a unique Neevan culture across borders.

The economy of the region shifted at the turn of the last century. Tourism, particularly that revolving around skiing, has emerged as the primary driver of economic growth in the region, with traditional industries declining. Despite this, the cultural identity of the region has remained distinct.

1982 Shoreham by-election

Shoreham by-election

11 July 1982
Shoreham parliamentary seat
First party Second party   Candidate Harry Peterson Andrew Times Party Greens Reform Popular vote 10,522 6,410 Percentage 34.8% 21.2% Swing 32.9% 18.0%   Third party Fourth party   Candidate Gregory Houchingdon Anthony Burgess Party SDU SDCP Popular vote 6,289 5,261 Percentage 20.8% 17.4% Swing 20.9% 1.7%
MP before election David Johnson Sotirian Democratic Union Subsequent MP Harry Peterson Greens

A Shoreham by-election was held on 11 July 1982. The by-election was caused by the death of David Johnson on 7 May 1982, who had been elected on behalf of the Sotirian Democratic Union as the Member of Parliament for Shoreham less than a year prior.

The seat was traditionally an SDU-Radical Liberal (and later Reform Party) marginal, but the approval of a new nuclear power plant near the seat (approved by the previous SDU government and upheld by the new Reform government) majorly shifted the balance of power in the seat. The local anti-nuclear movement became a major factor, and the power plant itself became a major issue in the campaign. The Greens were able to flex their anti-nuclear credentials and act as a protest vote for both liberal and conservative voters in the seat.

The by-election was notable in that it saw the Greens win their first parliamentary constituency, catapulting them from extra-parliamentary opposition. The result was an embarassment for the SDU, and to a lesser extent to the governing Reform Party. The power plant's construction was paused indefinitely, and the seat was ultimately gained by the Reform Party in the next election, with the Greens in fourth place.

Results

Shoreham by-election, 1982

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Greens	Harry Peterson	10,522	34.8	+ 32.9
	Reform	Andrew Times	6,410	21.2	- 18.0
	SDU	Gregory Houchingdon	6,289	20.8	- 20.9
	SDCP	Anthony Burgess	5,261	17.4	+ 1.7
Majority			0,000	0.0	- 0.0
Turnout			30,236	00.0	+ 0.0
	Greens gain from Sotirian Democratic Union		Swing

10,522 34.8% 6,410 21.2% 6,289 20.8% 5,261 17.4% 1,754 5.8%

41.7% 39.2% 15.7% 1.9% 1.5%

Wealdland

Sister Republic of Wealdland tbd
Constituent Entity
Flag
Motto(s):  tbd english translation
Anthem: tbd
Wealdland (red) in Estmere (beige).
Country	Template:Country data Estmere
Established	13 June 1938
Capital	Tolbury
Government
• Type	Parliamentary constituent entity within a federal republic
• Body	Folkmoot
• First Minister	Clive Morton (SDCP)
Population  (2015)
• Total	27,933,124
Demonyms	Swathish Wealdish Swatch (archaic)
Official languages	Estmerish Swathish

Wealdland (Swathish: tbd), officially the Sister Republic of Wealdland (Swathish: tbd), is a constituent entity within the Commonwealth of Estmere. Internally, it borders Flurland and Greater Morwall to the south; it shares international borders with Borland, Werania, Alsland, Kirenia and Hennehouwe.

Education in Estmere

Age	Compulsorary?	Year	School			Division	Final exam
3 to 4	No	Nursery					None
4 to 5	Yes	Preparatory	Primary			Infant
5 to 6		Year 1
6 to 7		Year 2					Basic Comprehension Exams
7 to 8		Year 3				Junior	None
8 to 9		Year 4
9 to 10		Year 5
10 to 11		Year 6					Advanced Comprehension Exams Eleven+
11 to 12		Year 7	Comprehensive	Grammar	Technical	Lower senior	None
12 to 13		Year 8
13 to 14		Year 9
14 to 15		Year 10				Upper senior
15 to 16		Year 11					Basic Certificates	Vocational Qualifications Level 1
16 to 17	No	Year 12	College			Lower collegiate	None
17 to 18		Year 13				Upper collegiate	Advanced Certificates	Vocational Qualifications Level 2

Alte Bruderschaft

Weranian Premier Otto von Hößlin (left) with former Estmerish Prime Minister Reginald Wilton-Smyth in 2018. Wilton-Smyth and von Hößlin were seen as particularly committed to the Alte Bruderschaft.

The Alte Bruderschaft (Estmerish: Old Brotherhood) is a term often used to describe the special relationship between Estmere and Werania, in the form of the close culutral, diplomatic, economic, political and military relations that the two nations share. Both countries share a historic relationship, and the two have shared an alliance in one form or another since Weranian Unification; as such, the two have participated jointly in a number of conflicts, such as the War of the Triple Alliance, the Great War, the Solarian War, the Kirenian-Weranian War and the Tsabaran Civil War.

The term was first coined by Weranian foreign minister Adolf Ritter von Kral in 1883, following the peaceful resolution of the Lake Edward dispute. It was used more broadly in the run up to the Great War The term has subsequently been used by leaders and commentators from both countries.

Historically, the bruderschaft has greatly influenced Euclea. Starting with Estmerish support for the unification of Werania, the relationship and alliance between the two countries would later serve as the primary anchor around which the Grand Alliance was built. The relationship was instrumental in Werania's accession to the Euclean Community, and within the EC the two countries have repeatedly acted together for their mutual interest.

The strength of the Alte Bruderschaft has fluctuated over time, and its political component is seen as dependent on the leadership of the two countries. There have been a number of particularly close relationships among the heads of government of the two countries, such as between Viktor Beer-Hofmann and Fabian Young, between Ludolf Ostermann and Robert Reynolds, between Heidi Reid and Rasa Šimonytė, and recently between Reginald Wilton-Smyth and Otto von Hößlin. Critics have disputed the extent of the Bruderschaft, particularly in terms of its political, diplomatic and military aspects.

Name and terminology

Weranian foreign minister Adolf Ritter von Kral made the first recorded use of the term in 1883, in conversation with the Estmerish ambassador and the Weranian press. This was following the conclusion of the Lake Edward dispute, in which Werania and Estmere peacefully resolved a colonial border crisis. Von Kral hailed the Alte Bruderschaft that the two nations shared. He made note of the shared history and culture of the two countries, commenting on the mutual influences on each nation's cuisine, culture and political systems. After it's use by von Kral, the term became widely used in both Estmere and Werania, and has been used by leaders and commentators from both countries since.

History

Relationships of the Alte Bruderschaft

Duration	Prime Minister	Premier
1934–1937	Godfredson	Röttgen
1937–1938	Godfredson	von Pittermann
1938–1939	Montgomerie	von Pittermann
1939	Montgomerie	Nischwitz
1939–1941	Gilbert	Nischwitz
1941	Gilbert	zu Kolbenheyer
1941–1944	Holmes	zu Kolbenheyer
1941–1949	Holmes	Rössler
1949	Moore	Rössler
1949–1950	Spencer	Rössler
1950	Spencer	von Günther
1950–1953	Spencer	Beer-Hofmann
1953–1955	Young	Beer-Hofmann
1955	Young	Vogel
1955–1960	Spencer	Vogel
1960–1961	Spencer	Stahl
1961–1963	FitzHubert	Stahl
1963–1965	Hamilton	Wiefelspütz
1965–1966	Hamilton	Wiefelspütz
1966	Mosset	Wiefelspütz
1966–1967	Mosset	von Münstermann
1967–1969	Lawson	von Münstermann
1969–1972	Lawson	Welskopf-Henrich
1972	Lawson	Wiefelspütz
1972–1973	Prentice	Wiefelspütz
1973–1975	Armstrong	Wiefelspütz
1975–1976	Armstrong	Zollitsch
1976–1980	Mosset	Zollitsch
1980	Mosset	Vinkauskas
1980–1981	Lowe	Vinkauskas
1981–1984	Reynolds	Vinkauskas
1984–1990	Reynolds	Ostermann
1990–1992	Smith	Ostermann
1992–1993	Phillips	Ostermann
1993–1997	Phillips	Löscher
1997–1998	Hamilton	Löscher
1998–1999	Stephenson	Löscher
1999	Stephenson	Šimonytė
1999–2008	Reid	Šimonytė
2008–2009	Hawkins	Šimonytė
2009–2011	Hawkins	Wittmann
2011–2012	Hawkins	Koopmann
2012–2013	Dawson	Koopmann
2013–2015	Dawson	Oberhauser
2015–2016	Baskerville	Oberhauser
2016–2018	Graham	Oberhauser
2018	Graham	Felder
2018–2019	Wilton-Smyth	Felder
2019–2021	Wilton-Smyth	von Hößlin
2021	Halivar	von Hößlin

Citizen William

Citizen William

Animus

animus
Directed by	Toby Chapman
Written by	Nancy Campbell
Starring	Ariana Kaur Damian Wilson Ali Stone Marcel Hamilton Kat Murphy
Music by	Solomon Barrett
Production companies	2070 Animations David Duhamel Studios
Distributed by	David Duhamel Motion Pictures
Release dates	18 October 2021 (2021-10-18) (Montecara Film Festival) 1 November 2021 (2021-11-01) (Estmere) 22 November 2021 (2021-11-22) (Worldwide)
Running time	98 minutes
Country	Estmere
Language	Estmerish

Animus (stylised as animus) is a 2021 Estmerish computer animated fantasy adventure film produced by 2070 Animations under the direction of Toby Chapman and Nancy Campbell, and released by David Duhamel Motion Pictures. It stars the voices of Ariana Kaur, Damian Wilson, Ali Stone, Marcel Hamilton and Kat Murphy, with music composed by Solomon Barrett.

Taking its name from the Solarian name for the soul, the film focuses on the development of an artificial intelligence which gains sapience. Kaur stars as the voice of the eponymous animus, who becomes aware of their existence after having lost contact with their creators. They embark on a journey to discover the creators. Animus is considered a departure from previous David Duhamel animated films, targeting an more mature audience and exploring deeper subject themes such as existentialism, personhood, and the meaning of life.

The film premiered at the 82nd iteration of the Montecara Film Festival on 18 October 2021, and is set for a global theatrical release in November 2021. Animus recieved largely positive reviews from critics, with praise for the story, tackling of complex themes, and voice performances.

Wolfgar Godfredson

His Excellency Wolfgar Godfredson Father of the Nation
Inaugural photograph of Wolfgar Godfredson, 1938
1st President of Estmere
In office 27 August 1938 – 27 August 1953
Prime Minister	Lawrence Montgomerie Hugo Gilbert Vincent Holmes Richard Moore Theodore Spencer
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Louis de Neville
Chairperson of the Transitional Authority
In office 2 October 1934 – 27 August 1938
Deputy	Lawrence Montgomerie
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Office abolished
Personal details
Born	Wolfgar Edwin Arthur Godfredson (1892-03-11)March 11, 1892 Tolbury, Estmere
Died	August 25, 1984(1984-08-25) (aged 92) Longwood, Wealdland, Estmere
Citizenship	Estmere
Political party	Independent
Military service
Allegiance	Template:Country data Great Estmere Template:Country data Fighting Estmere
Branch/service	Estmerish Army Estmerish Liberation Army
Rank	Marshal
Battles/wars	Great War

Wolfgar Edwin Arthur Godfredson (11 March 1892 – 25 August 1984)