Gallatin

Gallatin
Capital City and Region
From top to bottom: Gallatin seen from the City Observatory, State Street in Central City, Pinehurst Neighborhood, Conifer Ave in Central City, Gallatin City Hall, Bernard Square, National Museum of Art, Fenburg Park Neighborhood, Cava 3 Tram traveling down a street in the Central City
Country	New Gough Island
Region	Gallatin
Government
• Executive Mayor	James Parker
Area
• Capital City and Region	80 sq mi (200 km2)
• Land	75 sq mi (190 km2)
• Water	5 sq mi (10 km2)
• Urban	380 sq mi (1,000 km2)
• Metro	1,982 sq mi (5,130 km2)
Population  (2023)
• Capital City and Region	987,000
• Density	13,160/sq mi (5,080/km2)
• Urban	2,190,000
• Metro	2,410,000
Demonym	Gellatiner

Gallatin is the capital city and largest city of the Republic of New Gough Island. It is the second largest city and the anchor of the Greater Gallatin Area which includes the Gallatin City Region and part of the Parasides Island Region. The city has a population of 987,000 people as of the 2023 estimate. The city is the most densely populated city in the country. Located in the northern area of the country which houses 84% of the national population in 20% of the land area.

The city was founded in 1718 but not proclaimed capital of the country until 1870. The city is well known for its historic architecture and art scene. Gallatin and the Parasides Island as a whole is connected to the mainland (Gough Island) by the 1 1/2-mile-long road and rail President Frank Berman Memorial Bridge. The city has a robust transit system connecting itself to the suburbs by commuter rail. Bus and street trams are the main features of the transit system. With a subway system under construction to improve transit in the city. The city has a network of freeways outside of the city limits.

The city attracts the largest amount tourists to the country, with many arriving in the city to travel to the nature and rugged outdoors oriented vast South Area. On average, 8-10 million tourists visit the city each year. For this reason, the city is called the Gateway to New Gough Island. Tourist attractions include: the several historic parks in the city, the National Museum of Art, Bernard Square, City Observatory, national monuments, and much more.

Geography

Climate

The climate of Gallatin is Subpolar Oceanic. With cool to mild summers and wet cold and sometimes snowy winters. The city is one of the wettest places in the country with the North West Rainforest being wetter. The city is in the path of a lot of low pressure systems. During the winter snow is common with most snow days bringing 1-2 in (2.5-5 cm) per snow day. Heavy snow storms and blizzards happen at least once a year. However, both heavy rainfall and snow events are becoming more common.

Climate data for City Observatory, Gallatin, New Gough Island, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1900–present
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °F (°C)	80 (27)	79 (26)	77 (25)	72 (22)	64 (18)	59 (15)	54 (12)	52 (11)	58 (14)	63 (17)	68 (20)	73 (23)	80 (27)
Average high °F (°C)	63 (17)	61 (16)	55 (13)	47 (8)	44 (7)	42 (6)	41 (5)	41 (5)	43 (6)	48 (9)	54 (12)	58 (14)	50 (10)
Average low °F (°C)	50 (10)	46 (8)	42 (6)	36 (2)	32 (0)	27 (−3)	24 (−4)	25 (−4)	28 (−2)	34 (1)	41 (5)	45 (7)	36 (2)
Record low °F (°C)	36 (2)	32 (0)	22 (−6)	10 (−12)	1 (−17)	−9 (−23)	−14 (−26)	−3 (−19)	4 (−16)	12 (−11)	24 (−4)	31 (−1)	−14 (−26)
Average precipitation inches (mm)	3.71 (94)	4.01 (102)	4.28 (109)	4.89 (124)	5.14 (131)	5.56 (141)	6.23 (158)	6.28 (160)	5.53 (140)	4.83 (123)	4.38 (111)	4.12 (105)	58.96 (1,498)
Average snowfall inches (cm)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (2.5)	4 (10)	9 (23)	12 (30)	10 (25)	10 (25)	9 (23)	4 (10)	1 (2.5)	60 (151)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in)	9	10	12	12	13	14	15	16	15	14	12	10	152
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in)	0	0	0	1	4	7	10	9	8	7	3	1	50
Source: New Gough Island Weather Service

Transportation

The Greater Gallatin Transit Authority or GGTA is the provider of public transportation in the Greater Gallatin area. The GGTA covers the city tram network of Gallatin, buses, buses rapid transit, taxis, para transit, and commuter rail. The Tram network has 28 lines city wide. The trams are the vintage Cava 2 (1949-1961) and Cava 3 (1962-1989) which has been kept up over the years. There are 30 city bus lines and 5 bus rapid transit lines. There are 50 bus lines serving the Greater Gallatin area. There are 10,000 taxis severing the Greater Gallatin area. There are 7 commuter rail lines serving the suburbs. As of 2009, the GGTA has been constructing the Gallatin Subway which will be completed in 2024. The subway will have 3 lines, the red, blue, and green lines will make travel easier throughout the city.

The Greater Gallatin area is also served by 8 motorways. With The Perimeter Motorway as a ring road traveling just outside city limits. There are no motorways in the city limits of Gallatin. Gallatin is connected to the rest of the county by the President Frank Berman Memorial Bridge which carries The Gallatin- Greycott Motorway as well as train service across the Queens Strait. Train service is frequent having the Gallatin Union Station as the only place in the city for train service. Gallatin Union Station will be the hub for the subway.

It is estimated that 60% of city residents use public transportation regularly with 30% of commuters from the Greater Gallatin area using public transportation to go in and out of the city.

City Streets

Gallatin city streets are largely in a planned grid plan from the 1710's. The city has a network of grand avenues which are usually treelined and are 4 lanes wide. two lanes in each direction. The speed limit for the grand avenues which are main throughfares for traffic are 30 mph. One-way streets are also common in the city. Many streets have been redesigned for the inclusion of cycling lanes and traffic calming. There are no motorways in the city limits as the result of the Motorway Exclusion Act of 1950 which prohibited the construction of motorways in the city of Gallatin on the basis of cutting off historic neighborhoods and increasing traffic. It is estimated that 75% of city residents do not commute by a personal vehicle. As of 2023, 60% of residents take public transportation. While 10% walk to commute and 5% bike to work.

There are residential streets which are usually narrow and one-way have a speed limit of 15-20 mph. Many streets are paved with brick or cobblestone and slow careful driving is expected. Residential streets have space for street parking for residents. There are strict school and hospital slow zones which limit speed limits to 15 mph. These zones are on 24/7 regardless if the school is in session or not. Drivers will receive a ACU 150 fine and will be expected to pay within a reasonable amount of time.

Motorways

There are 8 motorways in the Greater Gallatin Area. These include The Perimeter Motorway which circles the city which is known as the UH-3, the Gallatin-Greycott Motorway which is SH-1, The Eastwood Motorway which is UH-8, The Airport Motorway which is UH-5, The Oakridge Motorway which is SH-10, The Outer Ring Motorway which is UH-4 and SH-2, The Parasides Island Motorway which is SH-16, and The Cloverfield Motorway which is UH-20. Urban Highway or UH is a motorway within a urban or metro area. While State Highway or SH are national routes that be motorways or rural 2 lane roads. The primary routes are the 18 mile The Perimeter Motorway which carries traffic around the city limits and has exits for city streets. The Perimeter Motorway has the second highest traffic volume in the country with 130,000 vehicles per day traveling with 3 lanes in each direction as it was the first motorway build in the country opened in 1953. The most important motorway is the Gallatin- Greycott Motorway which is one of the three links from Parasides Island to Gough Island (the mainland), the 6 lane (3 lanes in each direction) President Frank Berman Memorial Bridge is a suspension bridge which crosses the mile wide Queens Strait located 30 miles west of the city center carries 100,000 vehicles per day and also has a railway on the lower deck. The Gallatin- Greycott Motorway carries nearly 150,000 vehicles in places closer to the end of the motorway at an interchange with the Perimeter Motorway. State Highway 1 is a motorway for 32 miles in the Greater Gallatin Area.

The third busiest motorway is The Eastwood Motorway as it is 28 miles long which mainly serves the eastern suburbs which carries 90,000 vehicles per day. This motorway is tied with The Outer Ring Motorway which is 60 miles long and is 6-8 lanes wide and serves as the bypass for traffic. The Outer Ring Motorway has interchanges with The Gallatin- Greycott Motorway, The Parasides Island Motorway, The Oakridge Motorway, and The Eastwood Motorway. It also serves as the beginning/end of The Airport Motorway which is only 4 miles long and is the shortest motorway in the area. Motorway speed limits range from 40 mph on The Perimeter Motorway to 60 mph on The Outer Ring Motorway. Most motorways have speeds of 50 or 55 mph.

The President Frank Berman Memorial Bridge connects Gallatin amd Parasides Island with Gough Island (the mainland). The bridge carries 100,000 vehicles per day

Street Trams

The street tram system dates back to the 1860's as horsedrawn carriages. The street tram network became electrified in 1898 and rapidly expanded during the early 1900's. At its peak it had 56 lines in the city and the inner suburbs. The increase of car ownership and suburban growth caused ridership to decline in the late 1940's and 1950's. In the 1960's the city introduced bus routes and it replaced half of the tram system by 1968. The tram system was revitalized and expanded the track milage to better serve the population that wasn't able to access the buses. There are 108 miles of track across the city as of 2023. The tram system has 28 routes and is intergraded with the rest of the public transportation system. The cost of the tram is ACU 1.25 per one way. At night there are only 5-night lines that run every hour only really serving the city center and government center. Trams run every 5 to 10 minutes at rush hour and 15 to 20 minutes at off peak hours. There are on average up to 250,000 people using the trams per day.

A Cava 2 Tram traveling down a City Center Street

Buses and Bus Rapid Transit

Buses were introduced in 1963 and rapidly expanded during the late 1960's and 1970's. The city has 30 bus lines. They serve the streets that do not have tram service. They run throughout the city and cost ACU 1 within city limits one way. There are 5 Bus Rapid Transit lines which are as frequent as every 5 minutes during the rush hour and 10 minutes on off peak hours. BRT uses bus lanes and bus traffic signals to help keep the system efficient. The regular bus service is as frequent as every 15 minutes at rush hour and 30 minutes at off peak hours. There are 50 buses lines to and from the suburbs and routes within suburbs. The suburb to city buses run every 30 minutes during rush hour to every hour during off peak hours. The suburb to suburb or within suburb bus routes are less frequent and range from every 20 to 40 minutes at peak rush hour to every hour during off peak hours. There are 5 night lines for buses only serving the city's main throughfares. There are 8 city to suburb night bus lines. All night lines run every hour. Night lines are available 12 am to 5 am. There are 200,000 commuters that use the bus on average every day

Commuter Rail and connection to the National Rail Network

Commuter rail lines were started in the 1960's. There are 7 lines connecting the city to the inner and outer suburbs. During peak hours they run every 30 minutes and every hour at off peak hours. The commuter rail runs from 5 am to 10 pm every day. And cost can vary, as it cost ACU 10 during the weekdays one way, to ACU 5 every weekend per one way. There are up to 250,000 commuters that use it every day on average.

Cycling and Walkability

The city has the highest walkability score in the country. The city has invested into the bike lanes and pathways in recent years. There are 100 miles of bike lanes and pathways across the city.

Gallatin Subway

The Gallatin Subway has been under construction since 2009. Phase 1 is set to compete in 2024 and open soon after. There are 3 lines with phase one, the red line which will serve the city center and government center, the green line which will serve the eastern part of the city and the blue line which will serve the west part of the city. Phase 2 will begin in 2024 and will be completed in 2029 which will be the orange line which will connect all lines in a semi-circle, and the purple line which will cover the south and north of the city.

City Neighborhoods

There are 20 city neighborhoods

• City Center

• Fenburg Park

• Pinehurst

• Bernard Square

• Stratford

• Berlint

• Mangata

• Hanover Park

• Raynham

• Betty's Corner

• Confier Forrest

• Evergreen Terrace

• Berman

• Crossway

• Newport Park

• Harrison Heights

• Westminster

• Government Center

• Marble Field

• Kingston

Sister Cities

Králowec, F.D., Morrawia (2000)