Greater Penguinia
The Kingdom of Greater Penguinia Greater Penguinia | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of Arms
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Motto: Terra Frigidus, Calidum Cor. ("Cold Lands, Warm Hearts") | |
Anthem: Long Live Penguinia | |
 Greater Penguinia in Thrismari | |
| Capital | Frostbergh |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups |
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| Religion |
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| Demonym(s) | Penguinian / Penguinese |
| Government | Unitary Parliamentary Monarchy |
• King | Adél I du Pingouin |
• Prime Minister | Frostine de Montblanc |
• President of the Government | Leroy Leduc |
| Legislature | National Assembly of Parliamentary Representation |
| Senate | |
| Parliamentary Chamber of Representatives | |
| Unification of the Kingdom | |
• Unification of Penguinia | 934 |
• Unification of Greater Penguinia | 1203 |
• Creation of the Constitutional Monarchy | September 3rd, 1804 |
| Population | |
• December 2023 estimate | 72.9 million |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $36.2 trillion |
• Per capita | $93,579 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $11.7 billion |
• Per capita | $34,000 |
| Currency | Penguinian Dollar (GPD) |
| Date format | MM/DD/YYYY |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +934 |
| Internet TLD | .gp |
Greater Penguinia (known officially as The Kingdom of Greater Penguinia) is a nation located in Anteria. It is located in Southwestern Thrismari, bordered by Frarstizk to the north, East Alyeska to the south and the Kaldaz Ocean along its western coast. With a total area of 102,516.60 km2, the moderately-sized nation maintains its small position along the cold waters of Anteria's southern hemisphere.
Etymology
The etymology of the country's name comes from a group of individual tribes, collectively known as the Pengwynians (also spelled 'Pingwynians'). The term 'Pengwynian' is derived from the archaic Penguinese words 'pen' (head) and 'gwyn' (white). However, the meaning behind the term is undecided, though two ideas suggest that the name referred to either the naturally snow white and silver hair of the native peoples or that it refered to the white sand and snow along the country's coastline, or at least a particular head of the land.
As for the country's prefix, 'Greater' refers to the surrounding lands around the historical region of Penguinia and its expansion, following the acquisition of several territories in the south and west of the nation, including the annexation of the Laneige Territory.
Language
The most spoken languages in the country are Penguinese and Common, with the former acting as a native language and the latter being their recognized international language of choice. However, parts of the country also speak different dialects of Penguinese, such as Adélais and Emperic, as well as other foreign languages.
History
As a nation, the history of Greater Penguinia is strongly rooted in its cultural and historical identity. Greater Penguinia is a nation that has always been known for its strength and unity, having been created through the merging of ancient tribes. From its inception as a unified monarchy, the nation has maintained a sense of community and shared identity, with its various regions and cities all contributing to this whole.
In addition to its cultural and historical significance, the nation also holds a notable place in the world as a center of peace, knowledge, and innovation.
The Coming of the Tribes (502-823)
In its ancient history, Greater Penguinia was made up of numerous groups of Penguinian tribes, each led by their own chieftains. The Empereans, Adéleans, Makaronese, Chinzu, and Gentu were just some of the most well-known tribes that existed in Greater Penguinia during this period. Each tribe had a certain way of life, ranging from being warrior-based to being more farming oriented.
The Empereans and the Adéleans were the oldest known tribes and they both lived in southern regions of the country. According to historical records dating back as early as the Middle Ages, the Emperean tribe was first established in the year 502, while the Adélean tribe was established in the year 623, whereas the Adéleans were a branch of the Empereans, who initially split off from their tribe. Both tribes occupied the region surrounding Mount Emperium, where they lived as neighbors. The Adéleans were known for their seagoing skills and maritime expertise, while the Empereans were noted for their skilled warriors and hunting practices. Additionally, other Proto-Penguinan tribes in the north possessed special skills that were paramount to their respective cultures. For instance, the Makaronese were skilled builders and shipwrights, the Chinzu were fishers, and the Gentu were known for their ability to grow and cultivate crops.
Each of the tribes also varied with their choice of habitation. While most tribes generally used wooden huts as their main form of habitation, some tribes, such as the Adéleans, used wattle and daub construction to build their homes. Only the Makaronese and Chinzu tribes were nomadic, with the others being based in villages, though some were semi-nomadic, travelling from place to place seasonally but always returning to their home base. As a result, the Penguinian landscape was dotted with small fishing villages along the coast and small settlements across the plains, forests, and even mountains.
However, while each of the tribes had developed themselves and their communities to be strong and prosperous, they also fought against one another, over territory, food, and other resources key to their survival. As such, the many tribes fought each other for centuries, until they were finally unified under the leadership of a legendary chief known as Kairauka (also known as 'Penguinius Maximus'). Kairauka was seen as a symbol of peace, strength, and wisdom and his leadership and influence brought together all the lands of Penguinia, unifying them under a single banner in the year 823. Overtime, these tribes eventually began to form alliances with each other, paving the way for the unification of Penguinia.
The Unification of Penguinia (823-934)
For Penguinia, the Middle Ages is mainly defined by two key events in the country's history had taken place: the unification of the tribes and the establishment of a monarchy. This was a time of growth and change, as the tribes worked together to create a nation based on peace and unity.
The tribes of Penguinia slowly began to unify due to the growing threats surrounding them. In the year 837, the Empereans and the Adéleans banded together to form the first alliance, using their strength in numbers to counter the invading forces. The other tribes eventually followed suit, forming alliances to withstand the forces from outside of Penguinia. After many years of conflict and peace, the tribes eventually agreed to form a united nation in the year 934, officially marking the creation of Penguinia as a unified state. Each tribe brought with it its own unique culture, traditions, languages, and beliefs, making the unified nation both diverse and robust.
Moreover, since the new nation was made up of several different tribes, speaking a wide variety of different languages and dialects, a common language had to be established between them. With the need for a common language becoming apparent, the languages of the individual tribes were combined to create a new, unified language known as Penguinese. This mixing of languages was a natural consequence of the tribes' interaction with each other, and was not the result of any specific cultural or foreign influences. However, the creation of Penguinese allowed for smooth communication between the tribes, paving the way for further unity.
Shortly after Penguinia's unification, the monarchy was first established after the united tribes elected a leader among them. The king chosen was Albus Adelus, a noble and respected chieftain of the Adéleans. With Albus Adelus established as Penguinia's first king, the Adelus bloodline was the first royal house of Greater Penguinia, ruling the nation for many years, with most future monarchs being descendants from King Albus Adelus.
Some other significant contributions during the Middle Ages in Penguinia were the development of trade, the invention of new technologies such as irrigation systems, and the introduction of new forms of art, music, and literature to the culture. Additionally, advancements in medicine and hygiene significantly improved the quality of life for Penguinia's residents.
The Unification of Greater Penguinia (934-1203)
As part of the unification of the Kingdom of Penguinia, the nation expanded its borders from 934 to 1203. The expansion of the borders was a gradual process, with the region's geography playing a significant role in its growth. The initial expansion occurred between 934 and 967, with the kingdom's borders expanding to the east, to including large portions of land that is a part of the provinces of East Emperia and Chinzan.
Between 967 and 1020, the southernmost parts of the historical region of Adélantaine were expanded upon, as well as the discovery of Blanc Island and the Unnamed Second Island. However, while the lands were settled and claimed by the Kingdom of Penguinia, they were not formally annexed by the nation; rather, the area was privately ruled under Glacien IV, Duke of Laneige. These lands were collectively referred to as the Laneige Territory.
The northern regions of Makaronia and Gentille were expanded upon during the latter part of the time frame, around the year 1100, with the former having an extended coastline that reached further north, while the latter expanded along the mountains.
The Post-Classical Era (1203-1450)
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The Penguinese Renaissance (1450-1650)
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The Establishment of the Constitutional Monarchy (1650-1804)
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The Late Modern Period (1804-1945)
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The Contemporary Age (1945-Present Day)
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Geography
Islands
The nation has two islands under its control; that being Blanc Island and an unnamed second island, with the former being known as an autonomous region that was historically part of the Laneige Territory
Mountains and rivers
Climate
Greater Penguinia's climate is characterized by cold and frigid temperatures throughout the year, with winters being especially harsh. During summer, high temperatures typically range from 50-60°F (10-16°C), while winter temperatures can be much lower, typically falling between -20 to -40°F (-29 to -40°C).
The variation in temperatures between seasons is more significant in the mountains, with colder temperatures common in higher elevations. Similarly, the coastal regions tend to be slightly warmer than inland areas, due to the moderating effect of the nearby ocean.
Fauna and Flora
Greater Penguinia's flora and fauna are typical of a taiga climate, with evergreen trees, spruce, and birch being some of the most common plants. Other trees include pines, as well as bushes, shrubs, and a variety of herbs.
As for the native fauna, some of the common species include caribou, moose, red foxes, and various birds of prey. There are also numerous species of fish, including salmon and trout, found in the ocean off the western coast of the nation. The mountains of Greater Penguinia are also home to a variety of animals, including lynx, wolves, and bears.
Most notably, Greater Penguinia is also home to several species of penguins, including the emperor, Adélie, macaroni, chinstrap, and gentoo.
Territorial Organization
Historical Regions
Historically, Greater Penguinia had formed into one unified state from five main tribes, with each of their respective land's tribal borders and cultural influences acting as natural borders between the different regions. As such, each of the names chosen for the provinces are derived directly from each of the names of the historical regions and the tribes that resided there.
Provinces
As of today, Greater Penguinia is divided into 8 distinct provinces, with each one having assigned a capital city and governor.
| Province | Capital | Governor |
|---|---|---|
| West Emperia | Frostbergh | Leroy Leduc |
| East Emperia | Mendoza | Viola Serrano |
| West Adélantaine | Neviano | Aria di Ghiaccio |
| East Adélantaine | Polaire | Marie-Anne L'Hiverville |
| North Makaronia | Thawe's Bay | Elizabeth Thawe |
| South Makaronia | Port Hayle | Oliver MacQuarie |
| Chinzan | Yukiyama | Koyuki Kobayashi |
| Gentille | Kheimon | Rocco Hopper |
Greater Penguinia also has two oversea territories, officially recognized as being autonomous, but both are still a part of the country.
| Territory | Capital | Governor |
|---|---|---|
| Blanc Island | Laneige (de facto) | Émile-Charles Laneige |
| Unnamed Second Island | Pelletier (de facto) | TBA |
Government
Greater Penguinia is a unitary parliamentary monarchy, in which the king is the head of state of the nation. The headquarters of the government is located in the nation's capital, Frostbergh; in addition to other institutions. The right to vote is reserved for all citizens over 18 years of age who are not serving a prison sentence, regardless of sex, race, sexual orientation or religion.
The country's government is divided into three different branches of government.
Legislative
The legislative branch is bicameral, consisting of two institutions: the National Assembly of Parliamentary Representation and the Royal Senate.
The National Assembly represents all voters. Having 485 members, they are voted every 4 years. Members must belong to a specific political party, and voters choose a list of the party they wish to represent them. In order to be represented in the Assembly, political parties must have a minimum of 5% of the total votes. If this percentage is not reached, the votes are counted as blank votes. The National Assembly is responsible for electing the Prime Minister by vote. If a prime minister is not elected within a period of 6 months, the elections are repeated.
The Royal Senate is made up of 225 members. 22 of them are chosen by royal appointment, being selected directly by the king. 78 are elected by regional governments based on their population (that is, the number of members each region appoints depends on the percentage of the total population of the country it represents). The other 125 are elected by universal suffrage by voting for political party lists, which must obtain at least 15% of the votes to be able to access the Senate.
The National Assembly is the most important institution of the legislative branch. It is responsible for approving and denying the laws proposed by the President of the Government. To pass a law, a simple majority must be obtained. If approved, the law goes to the Senate, where it is put to a second vote. If approved, it is approved directly. If not, the law is voted on again in the National Assembly (where it will be approved directly if it obtains enough positive votes, without having to go through the Senate again).
Executive
The executive branch is represented by the President of the Government and his ministers. The president is elected every 4 years (at the same time as legislative votes) by universal suffrage. In order to be president of the government, the candidate must also be elected as a member of the National Assembly. The executive branch is responsible for applying the laws approved by the legislative branch, in addition to having the ability to issue temporary decrees.
In the event of a national emergency such as a natural disaster, war, etc., the executive branch has the capacity to issue laws directly, without the need for them to go through the National Assembly. The state of national emergency can only be maintained for a maximum of 1 year. When that time passes, the approval of the National Assembly will be needed to continue it. The Supreme Court has the capacity to end the national emergency in any case and whenever it considers it necessary.
It may seem surprising that there is a President of the Government and a Prime Minister at the same time in a Parliamentary Monarchy, but each one has a specific function. The President of the Government is more in charge of internal issues, while the Prime Minister, together with the king, has mainly representative and diplomatic functions.
Judicial
The judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court and the Regional Courts. The Supreme Court is made up of 25 members. The members are elected by the Senate, with the senators chosen by the king directly not having the right to vote. The two political parties with the most representation in the Senate will be in charge of electing the judges. These will be chosen proportionally to the senators that each one has. Once the Supreme Court is constituted, the judges belonging to it will elect the 10 representatives of each Regional Court.
The Supreme Court has the ability to appeal laws passed by parliament that are considered not to be within the legal framework. It is also considered the last court of appeal, being in charge of approving death sentences. It can deny any decision made by the Regional Courts, having the capacity to change it.
Military
Economy
Greater Penguinia's economy is strongly based on the technological and financial sectors; having a strong manufacturing industry. Other notable industries are oil, agri-food, mining and automobiles.
Greater Penguinia is considered a high-income developing market economy. Having a relatively high degree of economic freedom, the economy is dominated by large multinational companies based in the nation, which usually dominate a certain sector and are export-oriented. Currently, the government does not intervene practically in the market; owning few publicly owned companies and applying few regulations in the market.
However, this was not always like that. Until the mid-20th century, Greater Penguinia was a poor country with an economy based on agriculture. It would not be until the late 1950s, when effective economic policies would begin to be applied, which would begin to make the country grow rapidly. This growth would be consolidated in the 1980s, a time in which average growth rates of 7% per year would be recorded. Until the end of the 20th century, the economy was tightly controlled; favoring local companies over foreign companies so that they could grow. When the country reached an industrial level that allowed it to compete in international markets, the economy began to gradually open; liberalizing economic sectors and facilitating foreign investments and the free market. The Penguinese model was similar to that of the so-called Asian tigers, being an economy based on the export of high value-added products and with a relatively small welfare state.
Among the nation's top exports (from highest to lowest) are electronic devices, microchips, semiconductors, bananas, refined petroleum, automobiles and steel. Greater Penguinia is considered one of the world's largest exporters of electronic products, this sector representing 23% of the country's GDP.
Natural Resources and Produce
Demographics
The
Foreign Relations
In general, Greater Penguinia's foreign relations with other countries are peaceful and cooperative. The country seeks to build strong diplomatic ties with neighboring nations, as well as maintaining a friendly relationship with non-neighboring countries.
The country is committed to diplomacy and mutual cooperation to foster understanding and peace, and has signed various treaties and international agreements to this effect. In addition, it seeks to support the development and progress of other countries through foreign aid and international cooperation.
During Greater Penguinia's long and mostly peaceful history, the nation has had its fair share of historical allies. Some of Greater Penguinia's allies include the nations of Adrinian and Cordomonivence.
Transportation and Infrastructure
Greater Penguinia's infrastructure is made up of a large network of roads, airports and ports that connect the main cities of the country and cover the entire national territory. The country is located at a strategic point in the maritime trade, along the Kaldaz Ocean, allowing for seemless trade with the continents of Caleren and Thrismari.
The interurban transport network of Greater Penguinia has a wide network of toll highways, which connect the most important cities in the country. The railway network does not have passenger service, and is mainly used for the transport of goods to ports, with trains reaching a maximum speed of 110 kilometers per hour. The country has always invested considerably more in highways than in rail transport, because these generate greater profitability and allow connecting more parts of the country. This is because the majority are privately owned and have tolls, which generate income and allow the network to continue improving and expanding through a system of concessions.
Air transportation is the most used way to transport people within the country. Due to the cuntry's moderate size, it is the fastest way to get around. The main cities have airports with great capacity, being able to support more than 700 daily flights, both national and international.
Urban transportation is mainly based on the automobile. Greater Penguinia has extensive urban highways, which connect the cities and allow a quick and efficient connection with the interurban network. However, the implementation of more public transportation in the last 20 years is also noteworthy. Three cities have metro systems, which connect the busiest points. In medium-sized cities, bus transportation predominates, but some also have trams or light rail. Despite all the efforts, 80% of trips in cities are still made by car, with a culture strongly rooted in the country's society.
Urban Transportation
Culture
The culture of Greater Penguinia is characterized by a strong sense of unity and community. As a nation established through the unification of diverse tribal settlements, its people draw from a rich cultural heritage and value their common identity as Penguinian citizens.
In terms of values, Greater Penguinia highly prioritizes cooperation and the collective good, with the ideal of "unity for all" instilled in its people from an early age. Other prominent values for the culture include integrity, respect for others, and a strong sense of personal responsibility.
Beliefs
The various beliefs held by the people of Greater Penguinia vary depending on the region and individual, ranging from personal to religious. However, some of the notable beliefs include:
- A belief in the teachings of Kairauka, the legendary chief who led the unification of the Penguinian tribes and established the nation.
- A reverence for the land and nature, treating nature as a force of good and an important part of the greater whole.
- A belief in a higher power or deities who guide and protect the people of the nation.
- A belief in the afterlife, with a belief in a soul or spirit that carries on after death.
- A belief in karma or reincarnation, with a belief that a person's actions in life impact their subsequent lives.
- A belief in spiritual energy or energy fields, with a belief that spiritual energy flows through all living things and creates a connection between all beings.
Cuisine
National Symbols
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