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City became a battleground for countless battles and uprisings during the [[Great Morrawian Revolution]], most notable the [[Battle of Králowec]], which saw republican forces win against highly organized imperial forces with casualties exceeding 10,000 dead. The city would change hands a couple of times during the revolution and after the war, a debate existed on whether to construct a new capital or keep Králowec as the nations sole legal capital. The latter became the truth after [[Tristan Palacký]], general during the war and later first president of Morrawia vehemently denied any efforts for the construction of the new capital with his name or without it, as some of the republican sympathizers at the time proposed. | City became a battleground for countless battles and uprisings during the [[Great Morrawian Revolution]], most notable the [[Battle of Králowec]], which saw republican forces win against highly organized imperial forces with casualties exceeding 10,000 dead. The city would change hands a couple of times during the revolution and after the war, a debate existed on whether to construct a new capital or keep Králowec as the nations sole legal capital. The latter became the truth after [[Tristan Palacký]], general during the war and later first president of Morrawia vehemently denied any efforts for the construction of the new capital with his name or without it, as some of the republican sympathizers at the time proposed. | ||
The [[Morrawian Constitution]] in 1860 called for the creation of a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the [[Federal Congress]] in the same exact territory as the city of Králowec. As such, Králowec, F.D., until 1909, Králowec was a territory without full state rights. The 15th Amendment, 9th February 1868, granted Králowec the representation in the Federal Congress based on the population of the city. 40 years later, 21st Amendment was ratified in 1909, transforming Králowec, F.D. into the state-like territory with full state rights, though Federal Congress can still override legislation in the state and have certain powers over F.D. affairs. These disputes are however usually resolved with the highest judiciary. Right before the revolution and several decade after the revolution, extensive renovation occurred throughout the city, giving it the look, which can be seen to this day. | The [[Morrawian Constitution]] in 1860 called for the creation of a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the [[Federal Congress]] in the same exact territory as the city of Králowec. As such, Králowec, F.D., until 1909, Králowec was a territory without full state rights. The [[15th Amendment to the Morrawian Constitution|15th Amendment]], 9th February 1868, granted Králowec the representation in the Federal Congress based on the population of the city. 40 years later, [[21st Amendment to the Morrrawian Constitution|21st Amendment]] was ratified in 1909, transforming Králowec, F.D. into the state-like territory with full state rights, though Federal Congress can still override legislation in the state and have certain powers over F.D. affairs. These disputes are however usually resolved with the highest judiciary. Right before the revolution and several decade after the revolution, extensive renovation occurred throughout the city, giving it the look, which can be seen to this day. | ||
Commuters from the city's [[Wallashia]] and [[Pallaine]] suburbs raise the city's daytime population to more than one million during the workweek. The Králowec metropolitan area, which includes parts of Wallashia, and Pallaine, is the country's largest metropolitan area, with a 2023 population of 10.8 million residents. | Commuters from the city's [[Wallashia]] and [[Pallaine]] suburbs raise the city's daytime population to more than one million during the workweek. The Králowec metropolitan area, which includes parts of Wallashia, and Pallaine, is the country's largest metropolitan area, with a 2023 population of 10.8 million residents. | ||
Revision as of 08:26, 18 April 2024
Králowec, F.D.
Federální distrikt Králowec | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Etymology: King´s city or King´s homestead | |
| Nickname(s): Distrikt, Federál, F.D. (Morrawian: Efdéċko) | |
| Motto(s): Gateway to the Nation (Morrawian: Brána do wlasti) | |
 Map of Králowec, F.D. and the surrounding metropolitan area with state borders | |
| Country |  Morrawia |
| State | Králowec, F.D. |
| Founded | 6th November 857 |
| Proclamation to All the Morrawian People | 1st May 1815 |
| Constitution of Morrawia | 1st March 1860 |
| 15th Amendment | 9th February 1868 |
| 21st Amendment | 22nd April 1909 |
| Founded by | King Jaromír II |
| Seat | Seat of the Federal Government of Morrawia |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor–council government |
| • Body | Council of the Federal District of Králowec |
| • President-Mayor | Zdenėk Lázeṅský (L) |
| • House of Representatives |
|
| • Senate of the Republic |
|
| Area | |
| • Federal capital city and federal district | 1,917.21 km2 (740.24 sq mi) |
| • Land | 1,563.67 km2 (603.74 sq mi) |
| • Water | 353.54 km2 (136.50 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 315 m (1,033 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Population (2021) | |
| • Federal capital city and federal district | 8,324,741 |
| • Density | 4,300/km2 (11,000/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 5,671,359 |
| • Metro | 10,877,070 |
| Demonym | Králowecian (Morrawian: Králoweċan) |
| Time zone | UTC 0 |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC +1 |
| Website | fd.gov.mo |
Králowec, F.D. (Morrawian: Federální disktrikt Králowec), formally the Federal District and commonly called Králowec or F.D., is the capital city and federal district of the Republic of Morrawia. The city is on the Morawa River on both banks of the river, and shares land borders with Wallashia to its north and west and Pallaine to east. Politically, it is considered a state with full state rights
Králowec, F.D., anchors the southern end of the Southern Valley, one of the nation's largest and most influential cultural, political, and economic regions. As the seat of the Morrawian federal government and several international organizations, the city is an important world political capital. The city had 10.3 million domestic visitors and 7.8 million international visitors as of 2022.
Already around the mid-5th century CE, a major port near today´s location of Králowec was established by the Poth Empire, which ruled the territory of southern Morrawia in that period. It stood as a major showcase of power for the rising confederation and brought immence wealth into the area by creating new trading routes with previously unknown nations. Empire of Tilicy was the next state in the area, consolidating power of the tribes and creating the frist centralised state in centuries, after the collapse of the Empire of Ahia. On the behalf of King Jaromír II, and moved by continuing prosperity and progress, the economic and political capital of the country was moved near the delta of Sunaj River, later renamed Morawa, thus founding Králowec on the 6th November 857 according to local chroniclers.
Importance of Králowec grew with Morrawia and it was a capital of all kings, queens and emperors since then. In 1245, Králowec University was established as the oldest university in Morrawia. As the imperial capital of Morrawia between 1645-1852, Králowec became a gateway for slaves coming to Morrawia to work in the country. City became a seat for the first legislature in the country´s history, the Imperial Council of Deputies, following Joseph´s I reforms and the adoption of the Summer Constitution.
City became a battleground for countless battles and uprisings during the Great Morrawian Revolution, most notable the Battle of Králowec, which saw republican forces win against highly organized imperial forces with casualties exceeding 10,000 dead. The city would change hands a couple of times during the revolution and after the war, a debate existed on whether to construct a new capital or keep Králowec as the nations sole legal capital. The latter became the truth after Tristan Palacký, general during the war and later first president of Morrawia vehemently denied any efforts for the construction of the new capital with his name or without it, as some of the republican sympathizers at the time proposed.
The Morrawian Constitution in 1860 called for the creation of a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Federal Congress in the same exact territory as the city of Králowec. As such, Králowec, F.D., until 1909, Králowec was a territory without full state rights. The 15th Amendment, 9th February 1868, granted Králowec the representation in the Federal Congress based on the population of the city. 40 years later, 21st Amendment was ratified in 1909, transforming Králowec, F.D. into the state-like territory with full state rights, though Federal Congress can still override legislation in the state and have certain powers over F.D. affairs. These disputes are however usually resolved with the highest judiciary. Right before the revolution and several decade after the revolution, extensive renovation occurred throughout the city, giving it the look, which can be seen to this day.
Commuters from the city's Wallashia and Pallaine suburbs raise the city's daytime population to more than one million during the workweek. The Králowec metropolitan area, which includes parts of Wallashia, and Pallaine, is the country's largest metropolitan area, with a 2023 population of 10.8 million residents.
The city hosts the Morrawian federal government and the buildings that house government headquarters, including the National House, the Capitol Building, all three buildings of the highest judiciary, and multiple federal departments and agencies. The city is home to many national monuments and museums, located most prominently on or around the National Mall, including the Arch of the Republic, the Palacký Memorial, and the Gardens of the Founders. It hosts foreign embassies and serves as the headquarters for the many international organizations. Many of the nation's largest industry associations, non-profit organizations, and think tanks are based in the city, including MACR, Morrawian Red Cross, Alabaster Council, Heyrowský Institution, Federal Geographic Society, the Imperial Foundation, Tusar Center, and others.
A locally elected President-Mayor and 30-member council have solely and independently governed the district since 1909, though Federal Congress retains the power to overturn local laws. This however has rarely happened since 1909.
History
Geography
Králowec, F.D., is located in the Mid-Sunadic region of the Morrawian South Coast. The city has a total area of 1,917.21 square kilometers, of which 1,563.67 square kilometers is land and 353.54 square kilometers is water. The district is bordered by Popowec and Anna Kúrowá Counties, Pallaine and Wáwra, Hodenow and Loudín Counties, Wallashia.
The south bank of the Morawa River has two major tributaries, the Wáclawka Creek and Králowec Creek. Králowec Creek, a natural watercourse that once passed through the National Mall, was fully enclosed underground during the 1870s. The creek also formed a portion of the now-filled Králowec City Canal, which allowed passage through the city to the Wáclawka Creek from 1815 until the 1850s.
The highest natural elevation in the district is 315 meters above sea level at Fort Léwy Park in upper northwest Králowec, F.D. The lowest point is sea level at the Morawa River.
The district about 19% of the city's total area, the second-highest among high-density Morrawian cities after Kalmary.
The National Park Service manages most of the city land owned by the Morrawian government. Králowec Marsh Park is an urban forest in southwestern Králowec, which extends through a stream valley that bisects the city and creates a small marshland right by the Bay. Established in 1923, it is the country's third-oldest national park and is home to a variety of plant and animal species, including raccoon, deer, owls, and coyotes.
Other National Park Service properties include the Kurej National Historical Park, the National Mall, Iwan Jáwiš Island, Pawel Záworský Island, Lipowski Square, Malenká Lake Park. The Federal District Department of Parks & Recreation maintains the city's athletic fields and playgrounds, 74 swimming pools, and 102 recreation centers. The Morrawian Ministry of Agriculture operates the Morrawian National Arboretum in Northeast Králowec, F.D.
Climate
Králowec's climate is humid subtropical, or oceanic. Winters are cool to cold with some snow of varying intensity, while summers are hot and humid. Summers are hot and humid with a January daily average of 28 °C and average daily relative humidity around 69%, which can cause moderate personal discomfort. Heat indices regularly approach 40 °C at the height of summer. The combination of heat and humidity in the summer brings very frequent thunderstorms, some of which occasionally produce tornadoes in the area.
Blizzards affect Králowec once every four to six years on average. The most violent storms, often impact large regions of the South Coast. From July 27 to 28, 1922, the city officially received 71 centimeters of snowfall, the largest snowstorm since official measurements began in 1870. According to notes kept at the time, the city received between 76 and 91 centimeters from a snowstorm in January 1772 an around "a grown man" of snow in 1434.
Hurricanes or their remnants occasionally impact the area in late summer and early fall. However, they usually are weak by the time they reach Králowec, partly due to the city's in-bay location. Flooding of the Morawa River, however, caused by a combination of high tide, storm surge, and runoff, has been known to cause extensive property damage in many parts of the city. Precipitation occurs throughout the year.
Demographics
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1000 | 10,000 | — |
| 1200 | 75,000 | +650.0% |
| 1500 | 200,000 | +166.7% |
| 1700 | 700,000 | +250.0% |
| 1800 | 1,200,000 | +71.4% |
| 1850 | 1,804,628 | +50.4% |
| 1900 | 2,491,302 | +38.1% |
| 1910 | 3,043,012 | +22.1% |
| 1920 | 3,990,325 | +31.1% |
| 1930 | 3,501,338 | −12.3% |
| 1940 | 4,459,300 | +27.4% |
| 1950 | 5,830,025 | +30.7% |
| 1960 | 6,439,213 | +10.4% |
| 1970 | 6,730,777 | +4.5% |
| 1980 | 7,583,220 | +12.7% |
| 1990 | 7,833,104 | +3.3% |
| 2000 | 7,304,711 | −6.7% |
| 2010 | 8,003,476 | +9.6% |
| 2020 | 8,324,741 | +4.0% |
The Morrawian Census Bureau estimates that the district's population was 8,324,741 as of July 2020, up more than 300,000 people since the 2010 Morrawian Census. When measured decade-over-decade, this shows a steady growth over the years. Králowec was the 3rd-most populous place in the Morrawia as of 2020. According to data from 2020, commuters from the suburbs boost the district's daytime population past one million.
The Králowec metropolitan area, which includes the district and surrounding suburbs, is the largest metropolitan area in Morrawia, with an estimated ten million residents as of 2020. With a population exceeding 12 million residents in 2020, it is the largest combined statistical area in the country.
According to 2022 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, conducted by the Ministry of Housing & Development, there were an estimated 54,410 homeless people in Králowec F.D.
According to 2017 Census Bureau data, the population of Králowec, F.D., was 42.1% Black, 31.1% White, 15.8% Other and 11% Mixed or Native. Many people form the neighbouring countries, Zhiguryia, few other Olivacian and other countries make up the statistic in Králowec as well.
About 27% of Králowec, F.D. residents were age 18 or younger as of 2010, higher than the Morrawian average of 23%. At 35 years old, the district had the lowest median age compared to the 20 states as of 2010. As of 2010, there were an estimated 187,734 immigrants living in Králowec, F.D. Major sources of immigration include southern Thrismari, western Olivacia and Thuadia.
Cityscape
Králowec combines countless architectural styles across over 1000 years of history. Medieval structures, such as the Gothic Basilica of the Holy Spirited Nation with its flying buttresses and stained glass windows, stand alongside grand Renaissance palaces like the Grand Imperial Palace. The Palace itself began as a fortress in the 12th century before transforming into a royal palace in the 16th century. Its architecture reflects this evolution, with sections showcasing both medieval and Renaissance styles.
The city also features examples of Baroque architecture, exemplified by the Inwalidowna Building, originally a military hospital and now a complex housing museums and monuments. Neoclassical buildings built in the Federal style like the Federal Congress or the National House, built in the 19th century create a visually distinct neighbourhoods west of the Morawa river.
Modern and contemporary architecture has also found its place in the Králowec landscape. Presidential Cultural Center district, designed by Emil Gerín, features a striking design of glass sails that seems to billow in the wind. Right across the street, Urban Palace, an Art Deco complex built in 1957 for the 1100th anniversary of the founding of the city.
As of 2010, new regulations regarding mixing of styles in historical and other districts were enacted to better preserve history and heritage in the city, but despite this over 85% of buildings currently seen in the city were built during the Great Rebuilding Effort between 1840s and the year 1900, when the city undergone a great reconstuction, creating its most famous wide boulevards, planned grid streets and many of the famous districts seen today in Králowec.
Economy
As of 2023, the Králowec metropolitan area, including Federal District as well as parts of Pallaine, and Wallashia, was nation's largest metropolitan economy. Its growing and diversified economy has an increasing percentage of professional and business service jobs in addition to more traditional jobs rooted in tourism, entertainment, industry, and government.
Between 2010 and 2016, gross domestic product per capita in Králowec, F.D., consistently ranked at the very top among Morrawian states. In 2016, at ₮302,440, its GDP per capita was almost 75% greater than that of Kalmary, which was ranked second in the nation. As of 2022, the metropolitan statistical area's unemployment rate was 6.3%, ranking in the middle out of all metropolitan areas as defined by the Morrawian Bureau of Economic Analysis. The Federal District itself had an unemployment rate of 4.6% during the same time period. In 2019, Králowec, F.D., had the highest median household income in Morrawia.
Federal government
As of July 2022, 15% of people employed in Králowec, F.D., were employed by the federal government. The vast majority of these government employees serve in various executive branch departments, agencies, and institutions. A small percentage serve as temporary staff for presidents, Federal Congress members, or in the federal judiciary.
Many of the region's residents are employed by companies and organizations that do work for the federal government, seek to influence federal policy, or are otherwise related to its work, including law firms, defense contractors, civilian contractors, nonprofit organizations, lobbying firms, trade unions, industry trade groups, and professional associations, many of which have their headquarters in or near the city for proximity to the federal government. The largest Morrawian government agencies located in or near the city are: the Morrawian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Morrawian Ministry of the Interior, the Morrawian Ministry of Defense, the Morrawian Ministry of Immigration & Border Affairs, and the Morrawian Ministry of Justice.
Diplomacy and global finance
As the national capital, Králowec, F.D. hosts vast majority of foreign missions, including embassies, ambassador's residences, and international cultural centers. Many are concentrated along a stretch of Thunn Avenue known informally as Embassy Row. F.D. is consequently one of the most culturally diverse cities in the world. It hosts a number of internationally themed festivals and events, often in collaboration with foreign missions or delegations.
The Federal Bank of Morrawia, the central bank of the Republic of Morrawia, is located on Treasury Avenue. Commonly called The Fed, its policies are made by independent board of the Federal Bank. Through monetary policy, the board adjusts various interest rates in the Morrawia, which affects mainly the Morrawian economy.
Private sector and non-profit organizations
According to statistics compiled in 2016, ten of the largest 500 companies in the country were headquartered in Králowec, F.D. In the 2023, Králowec was ranked as being one of the most financial centers in the world, and the most competitive in Morrawia (followed closely by Kalmary, Torín, and Veligrad). Among the largest companies headquartered in the Králowec, F.D., area are Tatra, Union Sunadic Airlines, Jubilee, Alabaster Finances, ARA, HIC, and Kringel Group.
The Králowec, F.D., economy also benefits from being home to many prominent news and media organizations. Among these are The Králowec Post, Magistratus, and Králowec Lupa. Television and radio media organizations either headquartered in or near the city or with large offices in the region, include PBS, NBN, MTS, CCB, TBC, Knowledger, and MPR, and others.
Králowec, F.D., is a leading center for national and international research organizations, especially think tanks engaged in public policy. As of 2020, 8% of the country's think tanks are headquartered in the city. These include the International Institute of Democracy, MACR, Morrawian Red Cross, Alabaster Council, Heyrowský Institution, Federal Geographic Society, the Imperial Foundation.
F.D. is home to many non-profit organizations that engage with issues of domestic and global importance by conducting advanced research, running programs, or public advocacy.
Tourism
Tourism is the city's second-largest industry, after the federal government. In 2022, some 18.1 million visitors contributed a considerable chunk of finances to the local economy. Tourism helps many of the region's other industries, such as lodging, food and beverage, entertainment, shopping, and transportation. It also supports the city's world-class museums and cultural centers.
Culture
The culture of Králowec, F.D. is reflected in its status as the capital of Morrawia, its over 1000 years of history and the presence of the federal government, its large Black and Zhiguryian populations, and its role as the largest city southern Morrawia region. The presence of the Morrawian federal government, in particular, has been instrumental in developing numerous cultural institutions throughout the city, such as museums and performing arts centers. The history shaped by millions of monarchs, mayors and builders also contributed massively to the cultural background of the settlement. The city's historic Black and Zhiguryian populations has also helped drive cultural activities and artistic pursuits.
Arts and Music
Králowec, F.D. thrives as a national hub for the performing arts, with a diverse range of venues catering to various tastes. The crown jewel is the National Museum of Arts & Sciences, a prestigious complex housing the Karel I Symphony Orchestra, the Králowec National Opera, and the Králowec Ballet. The city doesn't shy away from celebrating its cultural heritage either, with DOME Theatre serving as a vibrant hub for minorities' performing arts.
Cuisine
Since the late 18th century, Králowec has been famous for its restaurants and great cuisine, food meticulously prepared and artfully presented. A luxury restaurant, King´s Tavern, opened in 1786. Tt became a model for future Králowec restaurants. The restaurant Lesní zwėṙ dates from the same period. The famous Králowec restaurants of the 19th century, including the Králowecký zwon, U Ṙeky, Jiżní kawárna, Dúm U lékaṙe and the Ċerwenka, were mostly located near the theatres on the Imperial Boulevard (today´s Pallaine Avenue). Several of the best-known restaurants in Králowec today appeared during the 18th and 19th century, when the Empire of Morrawia was in decline internationally, however domestic progress was immense.
Today, owing to Králowec's cosmopolitan population, every Morrawian regional cuisine and almost every national cuisine in the world can be found there; the city has more than 9,000 restaurants. The Tambor Guide has been a standard guide to Morrawian restaurants since 1900, awarding its highest award, three stars, to the best restaurants in Morrawia. In 2018, of the 31 Tambor three-star restaurants in Morrawia, fifteen are located in Králowec. These include both restaurants which serve classical Morrawian cuisine, such as Husar, and those which serve non-traditional menus, such as Abstraktýṙ, which combines Morrawian and Olivacian cuisines (mainly from Zhiguryia and adjacent countries).
Morrawia has several other kinds of traditional eating places. The café arrived in Králowec in the 17th century, and by the 18th century Králowec cafés were centres of the city's political and cultural life. The Kawárna Prokop on the left bank dates from this period. In the 20th century, the cafés of the left bank, especially Rotunda Café, King Wáclaw Café, New Café and Two Bears Café, all still in business, were important meeting places for painters, writers and philosophers.
A bistro is a type of eating place loosely defined as a neighbourhood restaurant with a modest decor and prices and a regular clientele and a congenial atmosphere. Real bistros are increasingly rare in Králowec, due to rising costs, competition, and different eating habits of Králowec diners.
Beginning with the Králowec Exposition of 1870, piwnice became a popular kind of restaurant which featured beer and other beverages served by young women in the national costume associated with the beverage. Now, like cafés, these establishments serve food and drinks throughout the day.
Among the city's signature restaurants from the second half of the 20th cenutry is Jónúw koutek, located on Tomáṡ Luthérský Street since its founding in 1958. The restaurant rose to prominence as a peaceful escape during the violent 1968 race riots in the city. Famous for its mix of several international cuisines, it has been visited by numerous presidents and celebrities over the years. Another culinary hotspot is Union Market in northern F.D, a former farmer's market and wholesale that now houses a large, gourmet food hall.
Museums and Landmarks
Králowec, F.D. is home to many of the country's most visited museums and some of the most visited museums in the world. In 2022, the National Museum of Arts & Sciences and the National Museum of History were the two most visited museums in the country alongside Budín Museum. Overall, Králowec had eight of the 30 most visited museums in Morrawia in 2022. Other notable museums include Sláwa Museum, Welenow Natural Museum, National Congressional Museum and Morrawian Medieval Museum.
Apart from museum, countless landmarks dot the city. One of the most significant one is the National Mall. The National Mall is a park in the center of the Federation Park city district that stretches nearly two miles from the Palacký Memorial to the Morrawian Capitol. The mall often hosts political protests, concerts, festivals, and presidential inaugurations. The Capitol grounds host the National Memorial Day Concert, held each Memorial Day, Capitol August, a concert held each Republic of Morrawia Day. Both concerts are broadcast across the country on PBS. In the evening on the Twenty-first of August, the park hosts a large fireworks show.
The Federal Monument is near the center of the mall, south of the National House. Directly northwest of the Federal Monument are the Gardens of the Founders, which includes a garden, park, pond, and a memorial to the signers of Morrawian Articles of the Republic. Also on the mall is the National Great War Memorial, the November Coup Memorial, Morrawian Veterans Memorial and the Peoples´ Memorial of Morrawia.
Numerous historic landmarks are located outside the National Mall, mainly from medieval and the imperial era of the city. Among these are the Norrad Palace, the Treasury Building, Tesaurský Palace, the National Cathedral, the Basilica of the Holy Spirited Nation, the Frantiṡek Duras National Historic Site, Palacký's Cottage and the Imperial Atrocities Memorial. The Pillar House, which was the building that presidents Tristan Palacký and partly Boleslaw Keiser and their administrations moved into before the completion of the National House in 1869, is now a historic museum and popular tourist destination.
Parks
There are many parks, gardens, squares, and circles throughout Králowec. The city has 3,500 parks and greenspaces, comprising almost a 40% of its land area. Consequently, 95% of residents live within a 10-minute walk of a park. According to the nonprofit Plebiscite, Králowec ranked first among the 50 largest Morrawian cities for its public parks, based on indicators such as accessibility, the share of land reserved for parks, and the amount invested in green spaces.
Morrawian Constitutional Park, located in west of the Morawa River, is the largest park in the city and is part of the National Mall. Located on the northern side of the National House, Lipowski Square is a historic public square with a manicured natural reserve attached to it, administered by the National Park Service. Named after the Wilhelm Lipowski, an eighth President of Morrawia and big promoter of natural reserves, creating the first national park in Morrawia in 1896. The houses bordering Lipowski Square have served as the home to many notable figures throughout history, including first ladies, ministers and government ambassadors. Located next to the square and on Pallaine Avenue across from the National House is the Maroon House, which serves as the primary state guest house for the Morrawian president.
There are several river islands in Králowec, F.D., including Otakar III Island in the Morawa River, which hosts the Otakar III National Memorial and a number of trails. Johan Baldér Island, also in the Morawa, is home to the Historical Scientific Memorial Grove and a marina. Kingsman Island, in the Wáclawka Creek, is home to Kingsman Golf Course and a public park with trails.
Other parks, gardens, and squares include Wladislaw I Royal Gardens, Meridian Hill Park, the White Meadow, Wáclawka Park, Flétňanka Park, Eduard Palacký Park, Saint Francis Square, Iha Tsurayaki Square and Lány Park. There are a large number of traffic circles and circle parks in Králowec, F.D., including Slawík Circle, Hortec Circle, Sójný Circle, Ṡermýn Circle, Krameṡ Circle, Palacký Circle, and others.
The Morrawian National Arboretum is a dense arboretum in northeast F.D. filled with gardens and trails. Its most notable landmark is the National Democracy Columns monument.
Sports
| Team | League | Sport | Venue | Neighborhood | Capacity | Founded (moved to Králowec area) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Králowec Commanders | NFL | Football | Parc Arena | Landowy Bṙehy, Wallashia | 75,000 | 1930 (1938) |
| Králowec Wizards | MBA | Men's Basketball | Captains Prime Arena | Jiżní Mėsto | 22,800 | 1959 (1968) |
| Králowec Nationals | MBL | Baseball | Republicans Park | Zhigutown | 39,500 | 1970 (2001) |
| Králowec Capitals | NHL | Ice hockey | Captain Prime Arena | Jiżní Mėsto | 22,800 | 1971 |
| F.D. United | MRL | Men's Rugby | Tatra Arena | Welemín | 20,000 | 1995 |
| Králowec Mystics | WMBA | Women's Basketball | Southern City Arena | Jiżní Mėsto | 6,000 | 1999 |
| Králowec Spirit | NWRL | Women's Rugby | Tatra Arena | Welemín | 20,000 | 2008 |
Králowec, F.D. is one of 9 cities in Morrawia with teams from the primary four major professional men's sports and is home to one major professional women's team. The Králowec Republicans of Morrawian Baseball League are the most popular sports team in the District, as of 2019. They play at Republicans Park, which opened in 2009. The Králowec Commanders of the National Football League play at Parc Arena in nearby Landowy Bṙehy, Wallashia. The Králowec Founders of the Morrawian Basketball Association and the Králowec Captains of the National Hockey League play at Captain Prime Arena in the city's Jiżní Mėsto neighborhood. The Králowec Queens of the Women's Morrawian Basketball Association play at Southern City Arena. F.D. United of Major Rugby League and the Králowec Presidents of the National Women's Rugby League play at Tatra Arena.
The city's teams have won a combined 15 professional league championships over their respective histories.
Other professional and semi-professional teams in Králowec, F.D. include DC Defenders of the MPL and others. The Hans Kulhmann Tennis Center in National Quarter hosts the Králowec Open, a joint men's 500- and women's 500-level tennis tournament, every summer in late November and early December. Králowec, F.D. has two major annual marathon races, the Armed Forces Marathon, held every March, and the TFH Marathon, held each November. The Armed Forces Marathon began in 1965 and is sometimes called "The People's Marathon" because it is the largest marathon that does not offer prize money to participants.
The district's four NAAM Division I teams are the Morrawian Lions of Kings' University, Tristan Palacký Revolutionaries of Tristan Palacký University, the Morrawian Scientists of Otakar III University, and the Hermann's Inventors of Hermann University. The Otakar III men's basketball team is the most notable and also plays at Southern City Arena. Králowec, F.D. area's regional sports television network is Capital Sports Network, and was known as NBN Sports Králowec until September 2023.
City government
The Federal District has a mayor–council mixed government that operates under Morrawian Constitution and 15th and the 21st Amendment. Both Amendments gave Králowec more power to govern itself and established it as a state-like entity in the Morrawian federal system. However, Federal Congress retains the right to review and overturn certain laws created by the council and intervene in local affairs to this day, creating tension in the populace.
Politics
Morrawian Constitution grants the Federal Congress "exclusive jurisdiction" over the city. The district did not have an elected local government until the passage of the 1909 21st Amendment. The Amendment gave Králowec and equal status to other states, devolved certain Congressional powers to an elected president-mayor and the Králowec Federal Council. However, Federal Congress retains the right to review and overturn certain laws created by the council and intervene in local affairs.
Králowec, F.D., is overwhelmingly Liberal, having voted for the Liberal presidential candidate solidly since it was granted electoral votes in 1909, expect in 1964 elections, when it voted Republican.
Each of the city's thirty districts elects a single member of the council to the KFC. The council chair is also elected by the council. There are 32 Advisory Neighborhood Commissions (ANCs) elected by small neighborhood districts. ANCs can issue recommendations on all issues that affect residents. Government agencies take their advice under careful consideration. The attorney general of the Federal District is elected to a four-year term.
Králowec, F.D., observes all federal holidays and also celebrates some of its own. The flag of Králowec, F.D., was adopted in 1923 and is a variation on Tristan Palacký's family coat of arms and number of original settlements in the area in the form of stripes.
Federal Congress interventions debate
F.D. enjoys most of the rights and privileges accorded to them. However, the Federal Congress retains certain powers to intervene in its affairs. This disparity in treatment has fueled a long-standing debate regarding the limitations placed on F.D.'s autonomy by the Morrawian government and accelerated movements advocating for less federal intervention.
Proponents of the current system argue that, due to its status as the seat of the federal government, F.D. requires special oversight. They maintain that unchecked local legislation could potentially obstruct the smooth functioning of national institutions. Opponents, however, view these interventions as an infringement on F.D.'s self-determination. They contend that the city's residents deserve the same level of autonomy as those in other states, and that the current system unfairly restricts their right to local governance.
In 2018, Ministry of Justice of Morrawia formally assigned District Reform Commission to look into possible changes in the current setup between Králowec, F.D. and Morrawian Federal Government.
Homelessness
The city passed a law that requires shelter to be provided to everyone in need when the temperature drops below freezing. Since F.D. does not have enough shelter units available, every winter it books hotel rooms in the suburbs with an average cost around ₮400 for a night. According to the F.D. Department of Human Services, during the winter of 2012 the city spent ₮8,119,047 on putting homeless families in hotels, and budgeted ₮12.4 million on hotel beds in 2013.
Education
Western District Public Schools (WDPS) and Eastern District Public Schools (EDPS) are the two sole public school districts in the city, operating the city's 2,650 public schools. The number of students in public schools steadily decreased for from 1990s until 2009. In the 2010–11 school year, 553,920 students were enrolled in the public school system. Historically, both districts were one of the highest-cost, yet lowest-performing school systems in the country, in terms of both infrastructure and student achievement. From 2010 onwards, various administrations made sweeping changes to the system by closing schools, replacing teachers, firing principals, and using private education firms to aid curriculum development.
Federal District Public Charter School Board monitors the 43 public charter schools in the city. Due to the perceived problems with the traditional public school system, enrollment in public charter schools had by 2000 steadily increased. As of 2010, F.D. charter schools had a total enrollment of about 43,000, a 9% increase from the prior year. The district is also home to 81 private schools and academies, which enrolled approximately 31,000 students in 2010.
Higher education
The National University of Králowec (NUK) is a public university providing undergraduate and graduate education. Federally chartered universities include Morrawian Royal College (MRC), Sunadic University, Tristan Palacký University (TPU), Otakar III University (OU), and Hermann University (HU). Private universities include the Protestant University of Morrawian (PUM), the Kazimír Lawénský University, Adrian Nowý School of Advanced International Studies (ANSAIS), Alabaster College of Art & Design and Trinity College of Králowec. The Králowec University, the oldest school in the capital, acts as a prime general education facility in Králowec as well as being the oldest university in all of Morrawia.
The city's medical research institutions include Králowec Hospital Center and Presidential Medical Center for Children. The city is home to five medical schools and associated teaching hospitals.
Libraries
Králowec, F.D., has dozens of public and private libraries and library systems, including the Federal District Public Library system. Josef Almara & Jan Jánský Library, a research library and museum located in the Capitol Hill neighborhood, houses one of the world's largest collection of material related medieval science.
National Library of the Federal Congress
The National Library of the Federal Congress is the research library that officially serves the Morrawian Federal Congress and is the de facto national library of Morrawia. It is a complex of three buildings: Edward Soukup Building, Benedikt Augustýn Building and Wladislaw Marwan Memorial Building, all located in the Capitol Hill neighborhood. The Soukup Building houses the library's reading room and several museum exhibits.
Federal District Public Library
The Federal District Public Library operates 145 neighborhood locations including the landmark Tomáṡ Luthérský Memorial Library.
Media
Králowec, F.D., is a prominent center for national and international media. The Králowec Post, founded in 1868, is the city's oldest and most-read local daily newspaper. "The Post", as it is popularly called, is well known as the newspaper that exposed the Wenetia scandal. It had the sixth-highest readership of all news dailies in the country in 2016. The Post is headquartered at Saint Francis Square just north of Morawċík Street in downtown Králowec.
The Morrawian Way is a major national general interest daily newspaper and popular among conservatives. The alternative weekly Králowec City Scroll, with a circulation of 67,000, is also based in the city and has a substantial readership in the Králowec area. The Sunadic magazine, which has covered politics, international affairs, and cultural issues since 1877, is headquartered at the Wenetia complex in Králowec.
Several community and specialty papers focus on neighborhood and cultural issues, including the weekly Králowec Lupa and Metro Weekly, which focus on LGBT issues; the Králowec Jay and The Králowec Olivacian, which highlight topics of interest to the community from countries of Olivacia; and neighborhood newspapers published by The Local Papers. Congressional Ear, The Capitol, Magistratus, and Public Caller newspapers focus exclusively on issues related to the Federal Congress and the federal government. Other publications based in Králowec include the Natural magazine and political publications such as The Králowec Examiner, The President, and Králowec Monthly. Morrawia Today, which is one of the largest newspaper in the country as measured by circulation, as well as its parent company Tribune, which is the largest newspaper publisher in Morrawia, are both headquartered in nearby Weselá, Wallashia.
The Králowec metropolitan area is the second-largest television media market in the nation, with five million homes, representing approximately 6% of the country's television market. Several media companies and cable television channels have their headquarters in the area, including M1, Radio United, the Natural Channel, Old Historian Networks, Morrawian Public Radio (MPR), Planetary Wonders Channel, Knowledger Channel (in Stṙíbrné Wary, Wallashia), and PBS (in Popowec County, Pallaine). The headquarters of Voice of Morrawia, the Morrawian government's international news service, is near the Capitol in southeast Králowec, F.D.
The city is served by two local MPR affiliates, KLPR and KSRS.
Infrastructure
Králowec, F.D. has a number of different modes of transportation available for use. Commuters have a major influence on travel patterns, with only 28% of people employed in Králowec, F.D. commuting from within the city, whereas 33.5% commute from the nearby Wallashia suburbs, 22.7% from Pallaine, and the rest from Králowec, F.D.'s outlying suburbs.
Streets and highways
There are 13,200 kilometers of streets, parkways, and avenues in the district. Due to the freeway revolts of the 1950s and 1960s, much of the proposed interstate highway system through the middle of Králowec was never built. Interstates 20 and 55, with the latter one being the nation's major south-to-north highway, bend around the district to form the eastern portion of the Capital Ringway. A portion of the proposed highway funding was directed to the region's public transportation infrastructure instead. The interstate highway that continue into Králowec, M-65, is the only highway going through the city, though it bypasses most of the residential areas.
According to a 2017 study, Králowec-area commuters spent 140 hours a year in traffic delays, which tied with Torín for having the nation's worst road congestion. However, 68% of Králowec-area commuters take public transportation to work, the second-highest rate in the country. An additional 24% of D.C. commuters walked to work and 8% traveled by bycicle in 2017.
Cycling
In May 2022, the city celebrated the expansion of its bike lane network to 950 kilometers, a 20 percent increase from 2015. Of those kilometers, 394 kilometers were protected bike lanes. 250 kilometers of bike trails. As of January 2023, most of these are partly funded through federal local development funds.
F.D. is part of the regional Králowec Bikerrr program. Started in 2012, it is one of the largest bicycle sharing systems in the country. As of February 2024, the program had 12,340 bicycles and 750 stations. A preceding BBFD pilot program had begun in 2009.
Walkability
A 2021 study by Citizens on Foot ranked Králowec, F.D. the third-most walkable city in the country. According to the study, the most walkable neighborhoods are Kowalka, Ulrichow, and Karlín. In 2015, the Králowec Metropolitan Area had the fifth lowest percentage of workers who commuted by private automobile with majority taking public transport to work when commuting.
In addition to that, since 2008, many of the streets in Králowec have been converted in to pedestrian-only pathways with reported 120% increase in activity in these area reported over the past 15 years.
River crossings
There are multiple transportation methods to cross the city's two rivers, the Morawa River and smaller the Wáclawka Creek. There are numerous bridges that take cars, trains, pedestrians, and bikers across the rivers. Among these are Palacký Memorial Bridge, the National Street Bridges, Jan Wlasec Bridge, Karel Tusar Bridge, Karel Abrahám Bridge, and To'Rewuii Makka Appanoo Bridge.
There are also ferries and water cruises that cross the Morawa River. One of these is the Morawa Water Taxi, operated by Ṡkoda Cruises, which goes between the Lomunice Garden, all the way to the National Harbour and Jeseník Island.
Rail
The Králowec Transit Authority (KTA) operates the Králowec Metro, the city's rapid transit rail system. The system serves Králowec, F.D. and its Pallaine and Wallashia suburbs. Metro opened on 1st November, 1910, and consists of seventeen lines (each one color coded), 338 stations, and 301 kilometers of track. Metro is the busiest rapid transit system in the country and one of the busiest in Thrismari. It operates mostly as a deep-level subway in more densely populated parts of the F.D. metropolitan area (including most of the District itself), while most of the suburban tracks are at surface level or elevated. Metro is known for its iconic different-style interiors of each station on each line. It is also known for having long escalators in some of its underground stations as it has one of the deepest station anywhere in the world.
Republic Station is the city's main train station and serves approximately 250,000 people each day. Following renovations in 2011, Republic Station became Králowec's primary intercity bus transit center. Tied to the station are high speed rail platforms connecting Králowec to the rest of the country
Králowec, F.D. is known for its trams. There were plans to demolish these in the 1960s. This however never happened, mainly thanks to preassure from conservationist groups in the city and as of 2016, Králowec's Metrotrams bolsters one of the densest network of streetcars in the country. Trolleys were also very common in the past, though the last ones were decomissioned in the 1990s.
Bus
Two main public bus systems operate in Králowec, F.D. Metrobus, operated by the Králowec Transit Authority (KTA), is the primary public bus system in Králowec, F.D. Serving more than 900,000 riders each weekday, it is one of the nation's largest bus systems by annual ridership. The city also operates its own FD Circle Rider bus system, which connects commercial and touristic areas within central Králowec. The FD Circle Rider costs only ₮4 to ride and is composed of six distinct routes that cover central F.D. and suburban Okály, Wallashia. The FD Circle Rider is run via a public-private partnerships between the Federal District Department of Transportation, NWFK, and FD Dopravní Inc. The bus system services each stop approximately every 15 minutes.
Many other public bus systems operate in the various jurisdictions of the Králowec region outside of the city in suburban Pallaine and Wallashia. Among these are the Anna Connector in Anna Kúrowá County, Pallaine; SPEED in Pálawa, Wallashia; and Lítaċ in Wáwra and Hodenow County, Wallashia. There are also numerous commuter buses that residents of the wider Králowec region take to commute into the city for work or other events. Among these are the Loudín County Transit Commuter Bus and the Pallaine Transit Administration Commuter Bus.
The city also has several bus lines used by tourists and others visiting the city, including Great Bus Tours, Old Town Tours, and FD Trails. The city also has many charter buses used in carrying young students and other tourists from across the country to the city and region's historic sites. These buses are often found parked beside the city's most notable tourist attractions, including the National Mall.
Air
Three major airports serve the district, though only one of them is within the city's borders. Two of these major airports are located in suburban Pallaine and western Králowec. The latter one Palacký National Airport, which is located in Palackého sady, Králowec F.D. This airport provides primarily domestic flights and has the lowest number of passengers of the three airports in the region. The busiest by number of total passengers and international flights is Králowec International Airport (KIA), located in Anna Kúrowá County, Pallaine about 25 kilometers northeast of the city. The largest by land size and amount of facilities is Králowec Wolynė International Airport, located in Wolynė, Pallaine, about 15 kilometers east of the city.
KIA has the most international passenger traffic of any airport in the whole nation. Each of these three airports also serves as a hub for a major American airline: Palacký National Airport is a hub for Union Sunadic Airlines, Králowec International is a major hub for Air Morrawia and its subsidiaries, and KWIA is an operating base for Southern Airlines. In 2018, the Králowec, F.D. area was one of the busiest airport systems in the world by passenger traffic, accumulating over 100 million passengers, mainly between its three main commercial airports.
The President of Morrawia does not use any of these airports for travel. Instead, he typically travels by Marine One from the National House South Lawn to Joint Base Swoboda, located in suburban Wallashia. From there, he takes Air Force One to his destination. Joint Base Swoboda was built in 1935. From 1935 to 2010, it was solely an Air Force base, but became a joint Air Force and Naval base in 2010, when Swoboda Air Force Base and Naval Air Facility Králowec were merged into a singular entity with the creation of Joint Base Swoboda.
Utilities
Králowec Water Services Authority, also known as KWSA or F.D. Water, is an independent authority of the Králowec, F.D., government that provides drinking water and wastewater collection in the city. KWSA purchases water from the historic Králowec Aqueduct, which is operated by the Water Services Committee. The water, sourced from the Morawa River, is treated and stored in the city's Kowary, Janák, and Espola reservoirs. The aqueduct provides drinking water for a total of 8.3 million people in the district and a portion of Wáwra County. The authority also provides sewage treatment services for an additional 2.4 million people in four surrounding Wallashia and Pallaine counties.
FE is the city's biggest electric utility and services 3,023,000 customers in the district and suburban Wallashia. An 1892 law prohibits overhead wires within much of the historic City of Králowec. As a result, all power lines and telecommunication cables are located underground in downtown Králowec, and traffic signals are placed at the edge of the street. A 2015 plan would bury an additional 163 kilometers of primary power lines throughout the district.
Králowec Gas is the city's natural gas utility and serves customers in the district and its suburbs. Incorporated by the then Imperial Council of Deputies in 1843, the company installed the city's first gas lights in the around downtown and what is today known as Federal Circle.
Crime
Králowec has historically endured high crime, particularly violent offenses. The city was once described as the "murder capital" of Morrawia during the early 1970s. The number of murders peaked in 1972 at 563, but then began to decline, reaching an historic low of 73 in 2015, the lowest total since 1965. In 2016, the district's Metropolitan Police Department tallied 125 homicides. By 2019, citywide reports of both property and violent crimes declined from their most recent highs in the mid-1970s. However, both 2021 and 2022 saw over 200 homicides each, reflecting an upward trends from prior decades. In 2023, D.C. recorded 284 homicides, a 20-year high and the fifth-highest murder rate among the nation's largest cities. Many F.D. residents began to press the city government for refusing to prosecute nearly 70% of arrested offenders in 2022. After months of criticism, the rate of unprosecuted cases dropped to 56% by October 2023—albeit still higher than nine of the past 10 years and almost twice what it was in 2013. In February 2024, the Council of the Federal District of Králowec passed a major bill meant to reduce crime in the city by introducing harsher penalties for arrested offenders. Rising crime and gang activities contributed to some local businesses leaving the city.
According to a 2018 report, 57,000 residents are ex-convicts. An estimated 1,000–1,500 offenders return to the city from prison every year.
On June 26, 2008, the Council of State of Morrawia held in Federal District v. Ṡpaċek that the city's 1991 handgun ban did not violated the right to keep and bear arms as protected under the Sixth Amendment.
In addition to the Metropolitan Police Department, several federal law enforcement agencies have jurisdiction in the city, including the Morrawian Bureau of Rangers, founded in 1861.
Sister cities
Králowec, F.D., has twelve official sister city agreements. Each of the listed cities is a national capital except for special partner town of Polipa, the ancestral home of Tristan Palacký's family. Listed in the order each agreement was first established, they are:
Polipa, Morrawia (1941)
Jahgajh City, Kakland (1950)
Mukarda, Khirmania (1971)
Guri, Riamo (1982)
Ashita, Tokuto (1984)
Guaitiao, Montilla (1985)
Thesaro, Shirua (1996)
Cordobenza, Cordomonivence (1996)
Gallatin, New Gough Island (2000)
Ca Luo, Sukong (2004)
Sczesczołiszin, Speke (2006)
Piestujätää, Tujovaan (2010)
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