Králowec, F.D.
Králowec, F.D.
Federální distrikt Králowec | |
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 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Etymology: King´s city or King´s homestead | |
| Nickname(s): Distrikt, Federál, F.D. (Morrawian: Efdéċko) | |
| Motto(s): Gateway to the Nation (Morrawian: Brána do wlasti) | |
 Map of Králowec, F.D. and the surrounding metropolitan area with state borders | |
| Country |  Morrawia |
| State | Králowec, F.D. |
| Founded | 6th November 857 |
| Proclamation to All the Morrawian People | 1st May 1815 |
| Constitution of Morrawia | 1st March 1860 |
| 15th Amendment | 9th February 1868 |
| 21st Amendment | 22nd April 1909 |
| Founded by | King Jaromír II |
| Seat | Seat of the Federal Government of Morrawia |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor–council government |
| • Body | Council of the Federal District of Králowec |
| • Governor-Mayor | Zdenėk Lázeṅský (L) |
| • House of Representatives |
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| • Senate of the Republic |
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| Area | |
| • Federal capital city and federal district | 1,917.21 km2 (740.24 sq mi) |
| • Land | 1,563.67 km2 (603.74 sq mi) |
| • Water | 353.54 km2 (136.50 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 315 m (1,033 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Population (2021) | |
| • Federal capital city and federal district | 8,324,741 |
| • Density | 4,300/km2 (11,000/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 5,671,359 |
| • Metro | 10,877,070 |
| Demonym | Králowecian (Morrawian: Králoweċan) |
| Time zone | UTC 0 |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC +1 |
| Website | fd.gov.mo |
Králowec, F.D. (Morrawian: Federální disktrikt Králowec), formally the Federal District and commonly called Králowec or F.D., is the capital city and federal district of the Republic of Morrawia. The city is on the Morawa River on both banks of the river, and shares land borders with Wallashia to its north and west and Pallaine to east. Politically, it is considered a state with full state rights
Králowec, F.D., anchors the southern end of the Southern Valley, one of the nation's largest and most influential cultural, political, and economic regions. As the seat of the Morrawian federal government and several international organizations, the city is an important world political capital. The city had 46.1 million domestic visitors and 25.7 million international visitors as of 2022.
Already around the mid-5th century CE, a major port near today´s location of Králowec was established by the Poth Empire, which ruled the territory of southern Morrawia in that period. It stood as a major showcase of power for the rising confederation and brought immence wealth into the area by creating new trading routes with previously unknown nations. Empire of Tilicy was the next state in the area, consolidating power of the tribes and creating the frist centralised state in centuries, after the collapse of the Empire of Ahia. On the behalf of King Jaromír II, and moved by continuing prosperity and progress, the economic and political capital of the country was moved near the delta of Visála River, later renamed Morawa, thus founding Králowec on the 6th November 857 according to local chroniclers.
Importance of Králowec grew with Morrawia and it was a capital of all kings, queens and emperors since then. In 1245, Králowec University was established as the oldest university in Morrawia. As the imperial capital of Morrawia between 1645-1852, Králowec became a gateway for slaves coming to Morrawia to work in the country. City became a seat for the first legislature in the country´s history, the Imperial Council of Deputies, following Joseph´s I reforms and the adoption of the Summer Constitution.
City became a battleground for countless battles and uprisings during the Great Morrawian Revolution, most notable the Battle of Králowec, which saw republican forces win against highly organized imperial forces with casualties exceeding 10,000 dead. The city would change hands a couple of times during the revolution and after the war, a debate existed on whether to construct a new capital or keep Králowec as the nations sole legal capital. The latter became the truth after Tristan Palacký, general during the war and later first president of Morrawia vehemently denied any efforts for the construction of the new capital with his name or without it, as some of the republican sympathizers at the time proposed.
The Morrawian Constitution in 1860 called for the creation of a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Federal Congress in the same exact territory as the city of Králowec. As such, Králowec, F.D., until 1909, Králowec was a territory without full state rights. The 15th Amendment, 9th February 1868, granted Králowec the representation in the Federal Congress based on the population of the city. 40 years later, 21st Amendment was ratified in 1909, transforming Králowec, F.D. into the state-like territory with full state rights, though Federal Congress can still override legislation in the state, though these disputes are usually resolved with the highest judiciary. Right before the revolution and several decade after the revolution, extensive renovation occurred throughout the city, giving it the look, which can be seen to this day.
Commuters from the city's Wallashia and Pallaine suburbs raise the city's daytime population to more than one million during the workweek. The Králowec metropolitan area, which includes parts of Wallashia, and Pallaine, is the country's largest metropolitan area, with a 2023 population of 10.8 million residents.
The city hosts the Morrawian federal government and the buildings that house government headquarters, including the National House, the Capitol Building, all three buildings of the highest judiciary, and multiple federal departments and agencies. The city is home to many national monuments and museums, located most prominently on or around the National Mall, including the Arch of the Republic, the Palacký Memorial, and the Gardens of the Founders. It hosts foreign embassies and serves as the headquarters for the many international organizations. Many of the nation's largest industry associations, non-profit organizations, and think tanks are based in the city, including MACR, Morrawian Red Cross, Alabaster Council, Heyrowský Institution, Federal Geographic Society, The Imperial Foundation, Tusar Center, and others.
A locally elected Governor-Mayor and 30-member council have solely and independently governed the district since 1909, though Federal Congress retains the power to overturn local laws. This however has rarely happened since 1909.
History
Geography
Cityscape
Economy
Culture
City government
Education
Media
Infrastructure
Králowec, F.D. has a number of different modes of transportation available for use. Commuters have a major influence on travel patterns, with only 28% of people employed in Králowec, F.D. commuting from within the city, whereas 33.5% commute from the nearby Wallashia suburbs, 22.7% from Pallaine, and the rest from Králowec, F.D.'s outlying suburbs.
Streets and highways
There are 13,200 kilometers of streets, parkways, and avenues in the district. Due to the freeway revolts of the 1950s and 1960s, much of the proposed interstate highway system through the middle of Králowec was never built. Interstates 20 and 55, with the latter one being the nation's major south-to-north highway, bend around the district to form the eastern portion of the Capital Ringway. A portion of the proposed highway funding was directed to the region's public transportation infrastructure instead. The interstate highway that continue into Králowec, M-65, is the only highway going through the city, though it bypasses most of the residential areas.
According to a 2017 study, Králowec-area commuters spent 140 hours a year in traffic delays, which tied with Torín for having the nation's worst road congestion. However, 68% of Králowec-area commuters take public transportation to work, the second-highest rate in the country. An additional 24% of D.C. commuters walked to work and 8% traveled by bycicle in 2017.
Cycling
In May 2022, the city celebrated the expansion of its bike lane network to 950 kilometers, a 20 percent increase from 2015. Of those kilometers, 394 kilometers were protected bike lanes. 250 kilometers of bike trails. As of January 2023, most of these are partly funded through federal local development funds.
F.D. is part of the regional Králowec Bikerrr program. Started in 2012, it is one of the largest bicycle sharing systems in the country. As of February 2024, the program had 12,340 bicycles and 750 stations. A preceding BBFD pilot program had begun in 2009.
Walkability
A 2021 study by Citizens on Foot ranked Králowec, F.D. the third-most walkable city in the country. According to the study, the most walkable neighborhoods are Kowalka, Ulrichow, and Karlín. In 2015, the Králowec Metropolitan Area had the fifth lowest percentage of workers who commuted by private automobile with majority taking public transport to work when commuting.
In addition to that, since 2008, many of the streets in Králowec have been converted in to pedestrian-only pathways with reported 120% increase in activity in these area reported over the past 15 years.
River crossings
There are multiple transportation methods to cross the city's two rivers, the Morawa River and smaller the Wáclawka Creek. There are numerous bridges that take cars, trains, pedestrians, and bikers across the rivers. Among these are Palacký Memorial Bridge, the National Street Bridges, Jan Wlasec Bridge, Karel Tusar Bridge, Karel Abrahám Bridge, and To'Rewuii Makka Appanoo Bridge.
There are also ferries and water cruises that cross the Morawa River. One of these is the Morawa Water Taxi, operated by Ṡkoda Cruises, which goes between the Lomunice Garden, all the way to the National Harbour and Jeseník Island.
Rail
The Králowec Transit Authority (KTA) operates the Králowec Metro, the city's rapid transit rail system. The system serves Králowec, F.D. and its Pallaine and Wallashia suburbs. Metro opened on 1st November, 1910, and consists of seventeen lines (each one color coded), 338 stations, and 301 kilometers of track. Metro is the busiest rapid transit system in the country and one of the busiest in Thrismari. It operates mostly as a deep-level subway in more densely populated parts of the F.D. metropolitan area (including most of the District itself), while most of the suburban tracks are at surface level or elevated. Metro is known for its iconic different-style interiors of each station on each line. It is also known for having long escalators in some of its underground stations as it has one of the deepest station anywhere in the world.
Republic Station is the city's main train station and serves approximately 250,000 people each day. It is M's second-busiest station with 4.6 million passengers annually and is the southern terminus for the Northeast Corridor, which carries long-distance and regional services to New York Penn Station and points in New England. As of 2023, Union Station is the ninth-busiest rail station in the nation and tenth-busiest in North America. Maryland's MARC and Virginia's VRE commuter trains and the Metrorail Red Line also provide service into Union Station.[349] Following renovations in 2011, Union Station became Washington's primary intercity bus transit center.
Although Washington, D.C. was known throughout the 19th and early- to mid-20th centuries for its streetcars, these lines were dismantled in the 1960s. In 2016, however, the city brought back a streetcar line, DC Streetcar, which is a single line system in Northeast Washington, D.C., along H Street and Benning Road, known as the H Street/Benning Road Line.
Bus & Tram
Air
Three major airports serve the district, though only one of them is within the city's borders. Two of these major airports are located in suburban Pallaine and western Králowec. The latter one Palacký National Airport, which is located in Palackého sady, Králowec F.D. This airport provides primarily domestic flights and has the lowest number of passengers of the three airports in the region. The busiest by number of total passengers and international flights is Králowec International Airport (KIA), located in Anna Kúrowá County, Pallaine about 25 kilometers northeast of the city. The largest by land size and amount of facilities is Králowec Wolynė International Airport, located in Wolynė, Pallaine, about 15 kilometers east of the city.
KIA has the most international passenger traffic of any airport in the whole nation. Each of these three airports also serves as a hub for a major American airline: Palacký National Airport is a hub for Union Sunadic Airlines, Králowec International is a major hub for Air Morrawia and its subsidiaries, and KWIA is an operating base for Southern Airlines. In 2018, the Králowec, F.D. area was one of the busiest airport systems in the world by passenger traffic, accumulating over 100 million passengers, mainly between its three main commercial airports.
The President of Morrawia does not use any of these airports for travel. Instead, he typically travels by Marine One from the National House South Lawn to Joint Base Swoboda, located in suburban Wallashia. From there, he takes Air Force One to his destination. Joint Base Swoboda was built in 1935. From 1935 to 2010, it was solely an Air Force base, but became a joint Air Force and Naval base in 2010, when Swoboda Air Force Base and Naval Air Facility Králowec were merged into a singular entity with the creation of Joint Base Swoboda.
Utilities
Králowec Water Services Authority, also known as KWSA or F.D. Water, is an independent authority of the Králowec, F.D., government that provides drinking water and wastewater collection in the city. KWSA purchases water from the historic Králowec Aqueduct, which is operated by the Water Services Committee. The water, sourced from the Morawa River, is treated and stored in the city's Kowary, Janák, and Espola reservoirs. The aqueduct provides drinking water for a total of 8.3 million people in the district and a portion of Wáwra County. The authority also provides sewage treatment services for an additional 2.4 million people in four surrounding Wallashia and Pallaine counties.
FE is the city's biggest electric utility and services 3,023,000 customers in the district and suburban Wallashia. An 1892 law prohibits overhead wires within much of the historic City of Králowec. As a result, all power lines and telecommunication cables are located underground in downtown Králowec, and traffic signals are placed at the edge of the street. A 2015 plan would bury an additional 163 kilometers of primary power lines throughout the district.
Králowec Gas is the city's natural gas utility and serves customers in the district and its suburbs. Incorporated by the then Imperial Council of Deputies in 1843, the company installed the city's first gas lights in the around downtown and what is today known as Federal Circle.
Crime
Králowec has historically endured high crime, particularly violent offenses. The city was once described as the "murder capital" of Morrawia during the early 1970s. The number of murders peaked in 1972 at 563, but then began to decline, reaching an historic low of 73 in 2015, the lowest total since 1965. In 2016, the district's Metropolitan Police Department tallied 125 homicides. By 2019, citywide reports of both property and violent crimes declined from their most recent highs in the mid-1970s. However, both 2021 and 2022 saw over 200 homicides each, reflecting an upward trends from prior decades. In 2023, D.C. recorded 284 homicides, a 20-year high and the fifth-highest murder rate among the nation's largest cities. Many F.D. residents began to press the city government for refusing to prosecute nearly 70% of arrested offenders in 2022. After months of criticism, the rate of unprosecuted cases dropped to 56% by October 2023—albeit still higher than nine of the past 10 years and almost twice what it was in 2013. In February 2024, the Council of the Federal District of Králowec passed a major bill meant to reduce crime in the city by introducing harsher penalties for arrested offenders. Rising crime and gang activities contributed to some local businesses leaving the city.
According to a 2018 report, 57,000 residents are ex-convicts. An estimated 1,000–1,500 offenders return to the city from prison every year.
On June 26, 2008, the Council of State of Morrawia held in Federal District v. Ṡpaċek that the city's 1991 handgun ban did not violated the right to keep and bear arms as protected under the Sixth Amendment.
In addition to the Metropolitan Police Department, several federal law enforcement agencies have jurisdiction in the city, including the Morrawian Bureau of Rangers, founded in 1861.
Sister cities
Králowec, F.D., has twelve official sister city agreements. Each of the listed cities is a national capital except for special partner town of Polipa, the ancestral home of Tristan Palacký's family. Listed in the order each agreement was first established, they are:
Polipa, Morrawia (1941)
Jahgajh City, Kakland (1950)
Mukarda, Khirmania (1971)
Guri, Riamo (1982)
Ashita, Tokuto (1984)
Guaitiao, Montilla (1985)
Thesaro, Shirua (1996)
Cordobenza, Cordomonivence (1996)
Gallatin, New Gough Island (2000)
Ca Luo, Sukong (2004)
Sczesczołiszin, Speke (2006)
Piestujätää, Tujovaan (2010)
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