Amathia
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Amathian Democratic Republic Ⱃⰵⱂⱆⰱⰾⰹⰽⰰ Ⰴⰵⰿⱁⰽⱃⰰⱅⱐ Ⰰⰿⰰⱚⰹⰰⱀⱐ (Amathian) Republica Democrată Amathiană 6 other official names
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 Coat of Arms
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| Motto: "Vita in libertate, vel mors!" "Ⰲⰹⱅⰰ ⰹⱀ ⰾⰹⰱⰵⱃⱅⰰⱅⰵ, ⰲⰵⰾ ⰿⱁⱃⱄ!" "Life in freedom, or death!" | |||||||||||||
Anthem: Awaken thee, Amathian!  | |||||||||||||
National Cockade | |||||||||||||
 Amathia in Kylaris | |||||||||||||
 Amathia in Euclea and in the Euclean Community | |||||||||||||
| Capital and largest city |  Arciluco | ||||||||||||
| Official languages | Amathian | ||||||||||||
Dialects of Amathian | |||||||||||||
| Other officially recognized languages | |||||||||||||
| Ethnic groups (2019) | |||||||||||||
| Religion |
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| Demonym(s) | Amathian | ||||||||||||
| Government | Federal semi-presidential directorial republic | ||||||||||||
| Augustin Valeria | |||||||||||||
| Augustin Valeria Astrid Garnia Manuela Vercezan Alexandru Iorvel Ioana Savić | |||||||||||||
| Maria Marcu | |||||||||||||
| Legislature | Senate | ||||||||||||
| Chamber of the Nation | |||||||||||||
| Chamber of the People | |||||||||||||
| Establishment | |||||||||||||
| 168 BC | |||||||||||||
• Solarian conquest | 106 AC | ||||||||||||
| 426 | |||||||||||||
| 1340 | |||||||||||||
| 1562 | |||||||||||||
| 1790 | |||||||||||||
| 1808 | |||||||||||||
| 1935 | |||||||||||||
| 1959 | |||||||||||||
| 1963 | |||||||||||||
| 1980 | |||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||
• Total | 405,735 km2 (156,655 sq mi) | ||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||
• 2019 census |  35,852,332 | ||||||||||||
• Density | 1,119/km2 (2,898.2/sq mi) | ||||||||||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate | ||||||||||||
• Total | $1,045 trillion | ||||||||||||
• Per capita | $29,143 | ||||||||||||
| Gini (2016) |  27.9low | ||||||||||||
| HDI (2016) |  0.854very high | ||||||||||||
| Currency | Euclo (EUC (€)) | ||||||||||||
| Time zone | Euclean Standard Time | ||||||||||||
| Date format | dd-mm-yyyy | ||||||||||||
| Driving side | right | ||||||||||||
| Internet TLD | .am | ||||||||||||
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Amathia (Amathian: Ⰰⰿⰰⱚⰹⰰ), officially the Amathian Democratic Republic (Ⱃⰵⱂⱆⰱⰾⰹⰽⰰ Ⰴⰵⰿⱁⰽⱃⰰⱅⱐ Ⰰⰿⰰⱚⰹⰰⱀⱐ, tr. Republica Democrată Amathiană), also known as the Amathian DR (ⰓⰄ Ⰰⰿⰰⱚⰹⰰⱀⱐ, RD Amathiană;) or the ADR (ⰓⰄⰀ, RDA), is a is a sovereign nation and a federal semi-presidential directorial republic in Kylaris, located in Southeastern Euclea. Amathia is bordered to the south by the Mazdan Sea, by Piraea to the southeast, Etruria to the east, Gaullica to the northeast, Champania to the north, Bistravia to the northwest and Tengaria to the west.
The current territory of Amathia was inhabited in the Antiquity by the Amathii. Their Odomantian League defied the Solarian Empire for centuries, before being eventually conquered and turned into a province. The region was then heavily colonized by Solarians, being closely integrated into their empire. The provincial administration managed to survive the collapse of Solaria, with the last Solarian governor crowning himself Emperor, leading to the creation of the Empire of Arciluco, a Solarian successor state that developed into a unique Amathian entity throughout the Middle Ages. The Arcilucan realm eventually collapsed during the Iconoclast Wars, with multiple smaller states vying for power, but external threats ended their religious conflicts and unified them into the Unio Trium Nationum, a multi-ethnic state in Southern Euclea. This confederation eventually collapsed at the beginning of the Euclean Spring, and the national renaissance that followed led to the establishment of an Amathian Eastern-style monarchy with the Telois-Tresia dynasty holding the throne. The centralized Amathian monarchy aligned itself with Gaullica during the 19th and 20th centuries, and was eventually forced to take part in the Great War, which exposed underlying political, religious, and ethnic tensions that led to the collapse of the monarchy, invasion by Soravian and Etrurian forces, a civil war, and the rise of a Councilist regime through the efforts of a large far-left bloc of political and paramilitary forces.
The Council Republic was initially popular despite the atrocities of the civil war, and managed to secure existence through its participation in the Solarian War. Caught in between the influence spheres of Soravia and Kirenia, and with a difficult internal situation, the new regime became increasingly unstable, with several failed uprising prompting a coup d'etat by the authoritarian Equalist faction and the establishment of a totalitarian one-party state that was isolated by its former allies. The Kirenian-Amathian split that followed led to Amathian attempts to establish a new, divergent socialist bloc, but the Equalists continued to be faced by instability and increasing internal resistance. Despite recovering West Arciluco from Soravia, the regime was removed by the Amathian Revolution and the restoration of democracy. The newly established Democratic Republic then oriented the country towards liberalization and modernization.
Today, Amathia maintains high literacy, life expectancy and education levels and is one of the most frequently visited countries in the region. The country is regionally and internationally renowned for its natural beauty and for the cultural heritage that it has inherited from its many historical civilizations, for its cuisine, sports, music, and architecture, while its cultural festivals are some of the largest and most prominent of their kind in Southeastern Euclea. Amathia has a relatively well-developed economy, but it has been affected like many other sectors of the state by a general political instability which has most often led to short-lived governments and constant snap elections.
The country is home to six regional, ethnographic groups or, officially, constituent groups, as specified in the constitution. Five of these groups belong to the family of the Western Solarian peoples, with the Argetians as the largest, followed by the Sorians, the Malvians, the Marisians and the Zirnarians. The sixth group, the Preidans, retain a much stronger Dytikan influence, being descended from the free Amathii federates that were resettled in the east by Arciluco. A native of Amathia, regardless of its regional group, is identified in Estmerish as an Amathian. The region of Amathia is culturally and religiously diverse and fragmented, and as such, Amathia is well known throughout Kylaris for its long record of religious and cultural tolerance, and for the extensive rights granted to its regional groups and other ethnic and religious minorities. The endeavor of the Amathian Government for equality has however led to various internal rivalries, and to many disagreements with the two largest religious bodies of the country, the Episemialist Church and the Amathian Rite Catholic Church.
Amathia is formed by six constituent republics, Argetia, Preida, Soria, Marisia, Zirnaria and Malvia, led from the central capital and the largest city of Arciluco. It has a bicameral legislature, and a six-member Presidency, composed of a member elected from each of Amathia's constituent republics. The Amathian Democratic Republic is a member of the Euclean Community, the Community of Nations, the ICD, the ITO and the GIFA.
Etymology
The exact origin of the country's name is still disputed, but it is known that the region of the present day has Amathia has been bearing this name from ancient times. Most historians and etymologists believe that the Solarian name for the region and for its people, the Amathii, was actually borrowed from the Piraeans, who were the first civilization to extensively write about them. It is unknown how the Amathii called themselves, as they left behind no written records, and as such, the Solarian name for the province resisted the test of time, being extensively used by most of the states which occupied the region after the fall of Solaria, even though most of the inhabitants of the region continued to call themselves Solarians up until the end of the Middle Ages.
The name of Amathia was officially adopted in 1730, at the height of the early Amathian nationalism, which, in the face of disbelief about the Solarianity of the Amathians, sought to distance itself from the legacy of the old empire, which had long been an object of discord among all Solarian peoples. Instead, Amathian nationalism focused on what made the Amathians unique. Their common descent from the Arcilucan realm, the Amathian languages,their religious traditions, and many others.
As such, there are multiple possible meanings of the name "Amathia". The most often used explanation is tied to ancient Piraean philosophy, where the term amathia can be described as a willing ignorance, an unwillingness to learn, a purposeful disknowledge. It is believed that the ancient Piraeans would have chosen this peculiar name for the Amathii due to their religious customs. The Amathii were an advanced civilization, more than able to build cities and beautiful monuments, but as their ancient faith preached, they themselves lived simple lives in nature, their beautiful cities lying empty as shrines to their deities. The modern Amathian national movement dealt with his meaning by molding its ignorance into their national desires, where the modern ignorance of the Amathians was described as a purposeful abandonment of those Eastern lies which simply sought to destroy the Amathian identity.
There are of course, other more likely and less philosophic meanings of the name. The "amath-" particle can be understood as meaning sand, or dust, which could have been adopted as a name for the region by the early Piraean colonists who explored Amathia's coasts. An alternative explanation of the same meaning, but with an emphasis on dust, quotes an ancient text by a Piraean historian who seems to describe an ancient volcanic eruption somewhere in Amathia, which led to large amounts of ash covering the ground, possibly explaining the historical association of the region with volcanic ash and dust.
History
Early history
The archaeological discoveries throughout the modern territory of Amathia point towards the presence of modern humans in the region from at least 40,000 years ago. Various cultures existed on these territories from the early Neolithic, with many of those developing in coastal areas. Hyndo-Euclean people eventually migrated to the area and conquered the previous inhabitants,assimilating them and forming the people known as the Preidans. The dawn of recorded human history found the Preidans organized into countless tribes, with the Tirii, the Pocurii, the Aktakoi, and the Kalinoi as the strongest. These early Preidan groups left behind no written records, so most of the information that we have on them comes from the Piraean explorers and historians of the same era.
The Piraeans were the first to chart the coasts of today's Amathia, and they created various colonies and city-states on the coastline, interacting with the Preidan tribes, trading with them and sometimes coming into conflict with them. According to the Piraean historians, the Preidans, while barbarians, had a moderately advanced civilization for that period, with an organized system with priests, nobles, and kings, centered around temple-cities of stone and wooden settlements where the people lived. The Preidans and their religion had a sacred oral tradition and ideas of communion with the nature, so the Preidan tribes initially rejected contact with the Piraeans and their civilization, even going so far as to consider the Artiot writing system to be blasphemous, this rejection and hostility leading to occasion conflicts, but the Preidans never tried to destroy the Artiot colonies or to remove the colonists from the coastline, so through the centuries, contacts and relations between the two peoples increased.
This is when the name of "amathia" is first thought to have originated, with the Piraean using this philosophical term it to describe the natives and their refusal to understand and to adopt foreign civilization. From a Piraean perspective, the natives were better than other barbarians - but they refused to evolve, willingly choosing to remain as savages. It is thought that the various Preidan tribes, which lacked a common identity, slowly adopted the name of "Amathii" after prolonged contact with their southern neighbors, which also led to slow but profound changes in the native civilization. The Amathii-Preidan tribes adopted the Piraean alphabet and many foreign cultural customs. The distinction between the temple-cities of stone and the normal settlements was lost, replaced instead with the dava, a city-fortress that normally also contained a temple. The influence of Piraea was stronger in the south and weaker in the north, but it was the strongest influence that the region would see until the Solarian conquests.
Antiquity
Eventually, the tribal organization of the Amathii evolved into a system of alliances between various dava-states and those tribes that still refused to abandon their old ways. Various proto-states were born in the early Antiquity, as the more organized and advanced davae managed to impose their control over more territory. The most powerful davae where those near the mountainous regions, which had access to gold deposits and salt mines. From 700 to 600 BCE, those davae and their alliances managed to develop into small states and fully fledged kingdoms, beginning the era known as "the Age of the Kingdoms of Gold and Salt", the height of the Amathii-Preidan civilization.
Kingdoms of Gold and Salt
The development of the first kingdoms and states in the region also led to a marked increase
The League of the Serpent Wolf
- Amathii kingdoms and tribes form an alliance that lately evolves into a league, due to the increased threat posed by Solaria's expansionism. Greatly supported by the priestly caste of the Amathii, the League of the Serpent Wolf evolves into what would become known as the Odomantian League, which becomes a regional power and a great threat to Solaria's hegemony. A long series of indirect conflicts follow with the Amathii supporting various rebellions against Solarian rule in Eastern Euclea and with near constant raids.
Solarian Wars
- The Solarian Empire is finally able to focus its forces on dealing with the Odomantian League, which leads to four brutal conflicts. The first is a tentative Odomantian defeat, through which the League is forced to stop its policies of raiding and to act like a client state of Solaria. The second war, begun by the Amathii, ends with their victory, the annihilation of a Solarian army sent to fight them, and a raid that gets relatively close to threatening the home provinces of Solaria. In a good display of diplomacy, the war is ended through a treaty in which the League remains a client state in name, but no longer pays any tribute and is de facto independent. The third war is started by the Solarians to avenge their earlier defeat and to ensure the safety of Solaria and their Euclean provinces, it's the longest and bloodiest conflict and it ends with an Odomantian defeat. The League is forced to accept a humiliating treaty that includes the destruction of most of their fortifications. Despite accepting the treaty, the League immediately tries to break it and to make preparations for a new conflict, but the Solarians intervene in force and destroy the League, conquering its territories and directly annexing the Amathii homelands as the Solarian province of Amathia.
Solarian Amathia
Middle Ages
Iconoclasm
Early modern period
Tresian era
Great War
Civil War
Councilist Period
Foundation and the Seven Years of Preparation
The immediate end of the civil war led to a stabilization of councilist rule in western Amathia. The Soravian occupation forces, through a combination of pragmatism and of being spread thin across half of Euclea, continued to cooperate with the councilists, while maintaining their garrisons and their newly built military bases in major cities. Over the next few years, with mediation from the Community of Nations, the Soravians ceded civilian and administrative control over most of the Soravian Occupation Zone in Amathia to the Council Republic, which was also recognized by Kirenia. The initial refusal of the Etrurian occupation forces in the west to cooperate with any sort of civilian administration, their refusal to follow CoN directives and the rising tensions across Euclea facilitated the development of the Council Republic as the solely recognized Amathian state. From its capital in Acmonia, the Republic accepted the peace terms imposed by the Grand Alliance and ratified the Treaty of -, while also temporary agreeing to recognize its new borders with Tengaria and normalizing relations with Amathia's western neighbor. This led to its recognition by most of Eastern Euclea, with Etruria remaining the notable exception. Border clashes alongside the line of division in the middle of Amathia became common once forces of the Liberation Army were allowed by the Soravians to garrison some of the now border towns. Externally, the councilists rapidly submitted to Kirenian influence, while trying to balance demands from Harimisaareke with the practical reality of having to maintain good relations with the Soravians. The newly developed Amathian secret police, the Authority for the Protection of the Republic, cooperated with the Kirenians and began an extensive campaign of infiltration in eastern Amathia, funding rebel groups and promoting civil disobedience and resistance to Eturian attempts to strip the occupation zone of industrial resources and assets. Regular units of the Liberation Army intervened in Champania alongside Kirenian and East Miersan forces in support of the councilist faction there - with the Amathian forces using the pretext of the presence of Amurgist paramilitaries near the border.
Internally, wide-ranging councilist reforms were announced and organized, but their implementation proved to be difficult, something that increased the divisions among the factions of the Amathian Section, however, the leadership of Silvia Rutel managed several times to create compromises that all factions would find acceptable.
The rising threat of Etrurian militarism and of its National Solarian regime served as a unifying factor in the temporary Amathian capital, with the councils voting an emergency decree that gave the Amathian Liberation Army and the councils of its soldiers great emergency powers in order to combat any "threats to the free regime of the councils of workers and peasants". The modernization and enlargement of the Etrurian forces caused panic the western regions of Amathia, as the Council Republic was uncertain of whether the Soravians or Kirenians would fight in their defense if Etruria was to invade. With an impoverished economy, and limited options, the Amathians nevertheless directed their efforts towards military matters. The increasing international isolation of Etruria and the threat it represented allowed Amathia to renegotiate part of its war reparations towards Soravia, and to instead orient it towards acquiring Soravian military equipment. The political influence over the military was also somewhat lowered, leading to the reenlistment of former Royal Army veterans. The direct annexation of the Etrurian occupation zone in 1943 led to panic and riots, and to the mobilization of the Liberation Army just in time for the war - as the Etrurians invaded in December 1943.
Outnumbered and overwhelmed, the Amathians nevertheless opposed a stiff resistance to the Eturian advance, but most of western Amathia was occupied by November 1944. With the Etrurianization of Amathia beginning, and with mechanized and armored units of the Army retreating into Tengaria and Champania together with the Air Force, the core of the Liberation Army returned to its pre-civil war partisan activities, hiding in the forests and in the mountains or hiding among the civilian population in the cities, carrying out ambushes and reprisal attacks against the occupying forces and the collaborators. By April 1945, with the offensive of the Soravians, the Amathians launched a coordinated, mass uprising towards most of its cities, harassing the Etrurian forces and joining the offensive, with a breakthrough leading to the liberation of most of Amathia by late 1945. The AEA continued to take part in the war effort, advancing into Carinthia along the CN forces.
The end of the Solarian War was perceived as a second Amathian unification, and it granted the Council Republic a legitimacy and a popularity that would have unimaginable before the Great War. The atrocities of the civil war were forgotten, and despite the monarchy retaining a certain degree of popularity, the right wing and the historical parties were in disarray and could form no opposition. The Treaty of Ashcombe firmly established the independence and sovereignty of the Amathian Council Republic, and its borders with Etruria. The Soravians never fully withdrew from Amathia despite being mandated by the CN to do so, instead they continued to occupy and to directly administer West Arciluco for the next few decades, interfering in internal affairs and maintaining a tense relationship with the councilists. The army returned the executive power to the councils, but managed to obtained an amendment which continued to grant political powers to the councils of soldiers, which were from there on considered equal to the other councils of the country.
Ten Years of Progress
The period from 1946 to 1956 is known historically as "the Ten Years of Progress", as they were described in councilist history, or as the "Rutelian period", as Silvia Rutel returned to her position as the unofficial leader of the country and of the Amathian Section. A full and extensive implementation of councilist principles began, with Kirenian support and expertise. The early years of this period were marked by the so called "Rutelian directive", which attempted to steer the Council Republic away from the brutality of the civil war and to emphasize the "human nature" of councilism. Conditions in the prison for political prisoners were improved and most of them received pardons and the chance to prove their loyalty to the new councilist system, while others were allowed to go into exile. Censorship, while present, was mellow and targeted, and the actions of the secret police were limited. The concept of a council democracy was fully adopted, with the importation of the Kirenian system and a tiered model of councils, with the Great Assembly of the Republic standing as the highest council. The distinction between types of councils based on membership was slowly phased out, with the exception of the soldiers' councils, which continued to exist and to operate individually. Universal suffrage was adopted, and while so called "reactionaries" were banned from voting or being elected, Amathia experienced its first partial democratic elections in over a decade. People voted for individual candidates, and in theory political parties had no place in a councilist system, but the Amathian Section continued to exist as a parallel structure, and as the only legally recognized party due to its "leading role in the socialist reform and revolution". The Section had limited control over the councils however, as many of them operated autonomously and the party cadres were spread thin, while the leadership of the section relaxed its ideological dogma, leading to the development of multiple political factions that vied for influence throughout the councils. A three member collective secretariat remained in charge of the party, while Rutel announced her resignation from the Section in order to be chosen as the First Speaker of the Great Assembly.
Banks and large business were nationalized, rationing was gradually removed, and social welfare programs were created and expanded. A comprehensive land reform was organized, and the estates of the former aristocracy were disbanded. Collectivization was not enforced, but encouraged and funded by the state in many areas. The modernization and expansion of the Amathian industry, which had suffered considerable damage during the wars was also a large objective, with heavy industry, energy production and the military industry being the Republic's main targets. Increased trade with other socialist states and the development of a friendly relationship with some of Eastern Euclea's nations helped the country's economy, which slowly recovered throughout the last few years of the 1940's. The decentralization of however started to create issues in a country that had been used to a strict and centralized power leading from Arciluco. The ability of the capital and of the Great Assembly to supervise what was going on slowly declined as local councils began to gain more and more powers. The inability of the cadres to maintain a strict party line also led to an increase in political confrontations throughout the country, with several of the factions becoming diametrically opposed, as they rushed to develop their own power bases. The vanguardist faction of the Equalists became increasingly dominant in this period due to its close relationship with both the upper ranks of the Liberation Army and with the secret police. A dogmatic and political fissure began to develop between the Equalists and the traditional leadership of the Section as the conciliatory Rutelian approach failed when it came to the secularization of the Amathian Episemialist Church. The councilists clashed with the Ecumenical Patriarch, who fled into exile in Piraea, and the entire affair turned into a scandal as the priests opposed resistance and tried to rouse their believers into supporting the Church. Clashes with the population and priestly opposition to the matter caught the Amathian Section by surprise and ended the policy of mutual toleration that had existed so far, bringing the first serious challenge to councilist rule. In a deeply religious country like Amathia, the Section had tried to implement a policy of cohabitation with the religious authority, which backfired spectacularly. Secularization was eventually enforced, but this polarized the population and the various factions of the Section. It reignited opposition to councilist rule, especially among those former reactionaries which had been freed during the past years. Within the Section and the councils, it emboldened the Equalists to speak against Rutel's rule, and to call for a stricter approach in the face of dissidents. The Equalists, with their strong support in the military councils, already had significant advantages compared to other factions with a weaker power base, and they continued to expand their influence, benefiting from the economical support of the developing military-industrial complex. The Equalists believed that the current policies of the Council Republic put its very existence into danger, and that the military had to step in and to play the role of a revolutionary vanguard in order to protect the Republic. Through their leader, Valentin Apostol, they also argued that the implementation of the Kirenian model in Amathia was a failure - and that each nation had to develop a different model of councilism in order to protect the establishment and evolution of socialism. This put them into a direct conflict with the "internationalists", the faction with direct Kirenian backing. In her last years of power, Rutel tried to balance the influence of the Equalists by backing the internationalists, and to that end she led negotiations with the Champanian Section about the creation of a South Euclean federation of council republics - with the potential for a later inclusion of Miersa and maybe even Kirenia, but the negotiations stalled. Silvia Rutel became increasingly sick, due to cancer, and eventually died in late 1956.
The Bloody End
The death of Rutel marked the end of any sort of control that the leadership of the Section had over its factions, as they became increasingly fragmented, all while the Equalists began to gain power, using a wide assortment of tactics in order to increase the number of their own loyalists in councils across the country and in the Great Assembly. Leading figures of opposition started to be arrested, and the Republic Protection Troops were rearmed and expanded. With Kirenian backing, some of the leading internationalist factions began to prepare a coup d'etat in order to save the Republic, but before their plans could be finalized, events in East Arciluco spiraled out of control. A regular protest against the continued Soravian occupation of West Arciluco erupted into riots after Soravian forces opened fire on the protesters. The attempt by the authorities to forcefully end the protests led to a full uprising beginning in East Arciluco. Having focused solely on their political opponents, the Equalists rapidly lost control of the capital, and the units around the capital, staffed by veterans of the Solarian War - led by former officers of the Royal Army, refused to open fire on the protesters and made common cause with them, defecting. This officially began the Thistle Uprising, the first serious challenge to councilist rule ever since 1946. Attempting to bring a quick end to the uprising, the Equalists in the city requested military assistance from the Soravian forces, and the Soravian Army, alongside the Protection Troops, violently suppressed the rebels, killing thousands of civilians. With the capital secured, the Equalist faction began a massive purge of the Liberation Army and suspended the 1937 Constitution, which forced the internationalists to launch their ill-fated Aster Coup, which also ended in their defeat. With their power secured, the Equalists, led by Valentin Apostol, used the uprising as the coup as the justification for implementing Equalist policies and for military rule. With a rigged referendum, they massively reorganized the state, limited the power of the councils, further increased the power of the Great Assembly and declared the establishment of the Amathian Equalist Republic, with the stated objective of protecting the revolution until the final victory of socialism.
Equalist regime
The Equalist Republic and the Apostol regime
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Contemporary period
EC integration
Politics
Amathia is a a federal semi-presidential republic, organized by the provisions of the Constitution of the Amathian Democratic Republic and of the Six Nations' Agreement.
Constituent Republics
In terms of political structuring, Amathia is using a federal system, and it is formed by six constituent republics: the Republic of Odrisia, the Republic of Preida, the Republic of Soria, the Republic of Tiria, the Republic of Tribaria and the Republic of Pocuria. These republics are known as the Republics of Amathia. Each republic has its own state constitution, and is largely autonomous in regards to its internal organization. The federal system was created in order to better deal with the cultural and religious fragmentation of the country, and in order to facilitate the equality and the rights of all the cultural and religious groups of Amathia.
Governance
The Executive Branch
The Amathian Democratic Republic is led by a six-member body which is collectively known as the Presidency of Amathia. According to the Constitution of Amathia, each of its six constituent republics has to elect a member for the Presidency once every five years. Each member of the Presidency can be chosen for a maximum of two terms. One of the members randomly becomes the chairperson unless he or she was the incumbent chairperson at the time of the election, but the chairmanship rotates every eight months, to ensure equality. The Presidency collectively serves as the head of state of Amathia, charged with safeguarding the constitution, foreign affairs, and the proper functioning of public authority. The Chairperson of the Presidency acts as the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces and as the Chairperson of the Supreme Council of National Defense. According to the constitution, the Presidency acts as a mediator among the state's power centers and between the state and society. The Presidency collectively nominates the prime minister after consultation with the party holding an absolute majority in Senate or, if there is no such majority, with all the parties in Senate.
Once nominated, the Prime Minister must pass a vote of confidence in the Senate.
The Legislative Branch
Foreign relations
Widely considered to be a middle power, Amathia has managed ever since the establishment of the Democratic Republic to overcome the stringent diplomatic isolation that had been caused by the Equalist Regime in its final decade of existence. Diplomacy has been one of the main areas of focus of the governments ever since the reintroduction of a democratic regime, and the country maintains a foreign policy that while being aligned with that of its allies, nevertheless maintains independent relations with other countries and power blocs throughout the world.
As a member of the Euclean Community, Amathia is generally aligned with the common EC foreign policy, and has enjoyed a very good relation with most EC members ever since the Amathian Revolution and the subsequent help that was received by the young republic from the Community. Amathia has maintained a strong pro-EC position ever since it gained the status of an associate state in 1985, and has attempted to use its influence and position in order to support other countries in Central and Southern Euclea on their paths for membership, like Piraea. Among the other members of the Community, Gaullica is considered to be Amathia's closest ally, with Gaullican help immediately after the Revolution having led to a reestablishment of the old Amathian-Gaullican special relation that had existed prior to the Great War. Good relations were also established with Caldia, due to it having hosted important groups of Amathian exiles throughout the latter half of the 20th century, including the Amathian royal family. Influenced by Euclean politics, Amathia has also tried to improve its relations with the smaller members of the Community, portraying itself as an alternative to the EC's "Big Three", and supporting proposals that would award more influence to smaller states in the Euclean Parliament.
The establishment of a pro-Eastern position has however not alienated Amathia from the wider socialist world. With an already existing basis in the efforts of reconciliation made by the Equalist Republic in its final year of existence, the country has maintained or developed good relations with several socialist states. Good relations were maintained with its northern neighbor, Champania, due to Amathia's support for its reforms, culminating with a friendship treaty signed in 1983. Good relations were also promoted with Dezevau especially with the help of the Dezevauni community in Amathia, and relations with Kirenia have been noticeably improved, with the ideological divide that led to the Kirenian-Amathian Split no longer present.
Relations with Western Euclea were however more complicated, mostly due to the large divide in sentiments towards Soravia that exist within Amathia. In the decade following the reestablishment of democracy, the country nearly made a bid to join Samorspi several times, but the level of support for such a move in the wider Amathian society was never enough so as to guarantee its success, and as Amathia became an associated state of the Euclean Community, a pro-Samorspi orientation was no longer possible. Despite that, several Amathian governments throughout the last few decades have attempted to bring the country closer to Soravia, and this has at the very least led to a normalization of the relations that had broken due to the division of Arciluco. Amathia's relations with its neighbor in Tengaria were also notably improved, especially through the mediation of the Ecumenical Patriarch, and the religious and cultural connections to the West have remained an important item on Arciluco's agenda.
Amathia's position has as such led to several situations in which it served as an intermediary between the various blocs on the continent, most importantly when it mediated the ceasefire that led to the end of the Lemovician War through the Arciluco Agreement.
Amathia is a member of the Community of Nations and member in many other notable international associations, like the International Council for Democracy, the Atomic Energy Commission, the Global Institute for Fiscal Affairs and the International Trade Organization. Culturally, it is also a founding member of the Association of Solarian Nations and the Association of Gaullophone States.
Military
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Political divisions
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Political parties
Geography
Topography
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Climate
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Biodiversity
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Economy
Agriculture
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Energy
Amathia is a transit country for the transportation of energy resources between Eastern and Western Euclea, and benefits from a well developed if slightly older energy infrastructure. The greatest energy source of Amathia however lies in its large complex of nuclear power plants. Deteriorating relations with the rest of Euclea and ideological points in the late 1950's led the Council and later Equalist Republic at the time to embark on a major program of energy development with Soravian support in order to ensure the country's energy independence, which continued following the establishment of the South Euclean People's Republic. The joint development of a nuclear power program in Amathia was a massive investment by both states and it resulted in significant nuclear energy capabilities, with 15 nuclear power plants having been built in the country until in 1980, most of which use Generation II RBMK/RCMP reactors. While the initial aim of energy autarky was achieved, the obsessive focus on nuclear power has been a major issue for the country. 69,8% of all energy production in the country is nuclear in nature, and this has become increasingly problematic due to the state of the country's power plants, as most of them are in dire need of modernisation and of improvements in order to deal with the various flaws of such an old reactor type. Various programs aimed at modernising the reactors have so far failed due to political or economic reasons, while the latest attempt was frustrated by a massive and unprecedented corruption scandal.
The last decades have however been marked by attempts to decrease the country's reliance on nuclear power, through diversification attempts by investments into coal and hydroelectric power. While theoretical plans for a larger transition towards renewable energy have been organised in line with larger EC directives, Amathia continues to heavily lag behind other Euclean countries in such aspects, and no Amathian government as of yet has seriously committed to studying the feasibility of such a program.
From a petrochemical perspective, Amathia is an oil and gas producing country, with a production of 514,526 bbl of oil per day, but which is not enough in order to cover its own domestic demand, resulting in a need to import it, mostly from Soravia. Amathia plays an important role in the transit of pipelines between Western and Southeastern Euclea, but political influences have led to attempts to limit the country's oil and gas dependency on foreign countries and to reorient its import demands towards the EC. As a legacy of its past larger production, the country retains a higher refining capability than its domestic production, and as such the development of petrochemical products from imported materials has been developing as an industry in the past decade.
The generation and distribution of electricity in Amathia is mostly under the control of state-owned enteprises, a legacy of its Equalist past, among them Amatom, responsible for nuclear power, Hidroelectricam, for hydroelectric power, and Amelectrica in charge of the electric grid, while Petram is the state owned oil company.
Infrastructure
Due to its strategic position at the traditional junction between Eastern and Central Euclea, Amathia has consistently been an important transit country and transport for goods and people. Especially due to the massive infrastructure investments of the Equalist regime, the country benefits from a well developed if somewhat aging road network, that connects most rural areas to urban centers and the urban centers to the capital of Arciluco, up to an estimated 441,145 km of public roads.
Another problem is that most of these roads are single carriageways, which has consistently been proved to be insufficient, and are not properly organized around urban centers, leading to significant traffic disruption in high traffic hours. The road system is however very well organized, ranging from national roads that connect the country's largest cities, to simple local roads between small villages. Only around half of these roads have been modernized in accordance to EC standards however, which has led to some decay among less circulated segments. The declining quality and maintenance of these roads has led to Amathia receiving EC funds for its Central Reconstruction Program for Road Infrastructure, but funding problems have been present from the start, with successive governments instead prefering to invest more money into the country's developing highway and motorway system. While a limited system existed during the Equalist times, the most important highways were build in the 1990's and 2000's, and are mostly oriented towards connecting the capital and the important port cities to the EC and other Eastern Euclean countries. An important network has as such developed, and Amathia benefits from 3900 km of such highways in use, with further development being planned especially in the country's western and southwestern regions.
Amathia also owns the fourth largest railway network in Euclea, at 17.845 km, owned and managed by the national and state-owned Central Railway Company, known for short as CFA, which is by itself divided into several autonomous companies, CFA Călători for passenger trains, CFA Marfă, for the transport of goods and freight, CFA Infrastructură, in charge of maintaining the railway infrastructure, and CFA Turism, responsible for special tourist lines. The company has been operating with loses ever since its inception, but its financial status has somewhat improved following a restructuring in 2008 and 2010. CFA is a public company but it is owned by the state, which also owns the entire railway network directly.
Despite repeated modernization attempts however, only the sections between the largest cities are considered to be up to standards, with a relatively large percentage of the total railways being inadequately connected and having to deal with voltage issues or a lack of electrification. This has contributed to a large decrease in passenger numbers in the last two decades, which has in turn exacerbated the problem, leading to a marked decay of the quality of the railway lines in rural areas especially. Old equipment also continues to be plagued with issues, despite a switch to electrical locomotives in some areas of the country. A partial privation of some areas has however been highly successful, leading to private operators such as Regiotransam developing their services in areas which the state-owned operator can not adequately cover. The biggest success of the Amathian railway system of the past decades has been the development of the high-speed Intercity and Euclocity railways, which connect Arciluco to Gaullica and to the EC highspeed railway system beyond. Plans to extend the highspeed railway to connect major Amathian cities, and the existence of a potential Arciluco-Lenovo or Arciluco-Povelia lines have been discussed and the former is in an advanced state of negotiations for a cooperative project.
Air travel is somewhat less developed in comparison to other means of travel, but Amathia has 16 international airports on its territory, and its main cities are relatively well connected to other Euclean destinations. The largest is the Arciluco International Airport "Cyriacus the Elder", and Cluzia and Acmonia have significant such airports also. All air traffic in Amathia is under the supervision of the Central Amathian Civil Aeronautical Authority. Amathia's flag carrier is the Central Company of Amathian Air Transports "TAAM", which is a state-owned enterprise, but it has been steadily losing market share to Euclean low cost carriers in the past decade.
Amathia's extensive internet and communications network was mostly built after 1980, especially in the 1990's and the early 2000's, since such investments would have been impossible under the Equalist regime. Ever since the revolution and liberalization, the Amathian internet usage has skyrocketed, and the development of an entirely new network infrastructure in those decades combined with healthy competition has resulted in Amathia having one of the best internet networks in Euclea and in the world, with unmetered high speeds, low cost, and a good broadband penetration, with extensive use of optical fiber cables. Amtelecom is the state-owned telecommunications company, but it has remained somewhat behind private offerings, with such companies controlling most of the market share, often time in agreement with thousands of micro-ISP's which lease their services through those larger companies.
Science and technology
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Space exploration
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Water supply and sanitation
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Demographics
Largest cities in Amathia
2019 Census | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | Constituent Republic | Pop. | Rank | Constituent Republic | Pop. | ||||
 Arciluco  Cluzia |
1 | Arciluco | Central Capital | 3,883,425 | 11 | Brăila | Brăila | 180,302 |  Acmona  Corona |
| 2 | Cluzia | Argetia | 324,576 | 12 | Arad | Arad | 159,704 | ||
| 3 | Acmona | Preida | 319,279 | 13 | Pitești | Argeș | 155,383 | ||
| 4 | Corona | Soria | 290,422 | 14 | Sibiu | Sibiu | 147,245 | ||
| 5 | Tirideva | Malvia | 283,872 | 15 | Bacău | Bacău | 144,307 | ||
| 6 | Mehedia | Zirnaria | 269,506 | 16 | Târgu Mureș | Mureș | 134,290 | ||
| 7 | Sedonia | Soria | 253,200 | 17 | Baia Mare | Maramureș | 123,738 | ||
| 8 | Oșcia | Argetia | 249,342 | 18 | Buzău | Buzău | 115,494 | ||
| 9 | Piatra Marișa | Argetia | 209,945 | 19 | Botoșani | Botoșani | 106,847 | ||
| 10 | Oradea | Bihor | 196,367 | 20 | Satu Mare | Satu Mare | 102,441 | ||
Ethnic groups
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Language
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Religion
Religion in Amathia
From a religious perspective, Amathia has an Episemialist majority, but also a divided religious minority that has been profoundly marked by the various historical events which influenced the country and the faith of its people. Officially, Amathia is a secular country, but the Episemialist Church is recognized by the Constitution as the "primary national religion" of the Amathian people, in one of the most controversial amendaments to the constitution, while the Amathian-rite Catholic Church has its regional religious role recognized in the Republic of Soria. Amathia has a long history of both religious conflicts and of religious tolerance, with the Edict of Cluzia in 1565 being one of the first Euclean edicts of religious tolerance ever proclaimed. Other important branches of Sotirianity, like Amendism, are reognized but have a very small presence in the country, while Neo-Amendist groups and their active missionary efforts are legally protected, but looked down upon by a large segment of the population. Badi and other Coian religions have a small presence as well, mostly among groups of Coian immigrants, and the pagan revival movement known as the Faith of the Sixteen gained the right to be officially recognized as a religion after a favorable decision by the High Court of Justice and Cassation.
The Episemialist Church is considered to be the first Sotirian Church in Amathia, being historically founded by Apostle Andrew, who stopped in Arciluco and named the first Archbishop there, before leaving on a missionary mission to the Marolevs, according to tradition. The province of Amathia developed an important Sotirian population during the final period of the Solarian Empire, as many prominent Sotirian figures were exiled in and around the province from Solaria itself. Sotirianity was then chosen as the official faith of the rump state of Arciluco by Cyriacus the Elder, but not before a final struggle between pagans and Sotirians which led to the martyrdom of Saint Aurea and the creation of the Grapevine Cross, which quickly became an important Sotirian symbol and relic. The new Empire of Arciluco then played an important role in the spreading and development of the faith, being responsible for organizing the missionary missions which converted the Tengars and many of the Marolevs, while scholars from the Arcilucan schools developed the Apisinthian and Cyrillic alphabets. Because of this, Arciluco was often considered to be the spiritual leader of the Western Euclean churches, and took a leadership role in the many theological disputes which led to the Episemialist rejection of papal authority. Through its theological schools, the city was at the forefront of Euclean religious debate, and was one of the places where the Iconoclast theology developed. While heavily marked by the Iconoclast Wars and the Realm of Thorns, the region returned to being mainly Episemialist following the end of the wars. This period however marked the beginning of the decline of Arciluco's religious authority, with its position being disputed by Tengaria and later Soravia.
Episemialism is considered by many Amathian nationalists to be at the core of the Amathian identity, with the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Arciluco having traditionally been considered to be the center of Episemialism, even if its religious authority has been fractured throughout the ages. The segment of the population that belongs to the Episemialist Church is also the most actively religious, enjoying the highest rates of regular church attendance. Episemialist religious activity in Amathia is organized under the Metropolitanate of Amathia, which is an autonomous church under Arciluco. Through the Patriarch's position as Archbishop of Arciluco, the Ecumenical Patriarchate is as such often considered to be the primary Amathian church, even if its jurisdiction also extents over Piraea and the Miruvians. Due to its important role in Amathian history, the Episemialist Church has sometimes been accused of being favored by the state, as the clergy's salaries and pensions are partially paid for by the state, but the exact relation between the church and the state often depends on the exact political situation.
Due to the historical influence of the Verliquois Empire and of Gaullica, Catholicism has had a significant role in Amathia's eastern provinces. While Catholicism by itself lost a lot of ground and was nearly exterminated during the Iconoclast Wars, a portion of the orthodox Episemialists in the region of Soria, rejecting the Iconoclast authority at the time, entered into a pact with the Solarian Catholic Church, forming the Amathian Church United with Solaria, also known as the Amathian-rite Catholic Church. They recognized the authority of the Pope and conceded several theological points, but continued to use the Amathian-rite, while forming a sui iuris church in full union with the larger Solarian Catholic Church, being one of the first Western Catholic Churches to be created. Ever since, the Amathian Catholic Church, as it is also sometimes known, has played an important role in the regional identity of Soria, and was sometimes favored by Amathian monarchs, but it was often remained at odds with the Episemialists, due to the Episemialist Church viewing their allegiance as treason. This has led to many religious conflicts between the two groups, the latest being fought during the final years of the Great War, but especially in the latest decades, important steps have been taken in order to achieve reconciliation. Most Amathian Catholics belong to this Church, while a small directly Catholic minority mostly exists due to Eastern Euclean immigrant groups.
Irreligion played almost no role in Amathia during most of its history, as it was against the promotion of Episemialism and an ethnoreligious identity by the state. While some Amathian scholars and philosophers worked with such concepts, especially during the Age of Enlightenment, irreligion was shunned by Amathian society until the development of new political ideologies during the late 19th century. After the end of the Great War, the Councilist and later Equalist regimes actively promoted a policy of state atheism. While the continued existence of the Episemialist Church was permitted, it was placed under the control of the government and heavily monitored, while an active participation in the religious life was discouraged. The state controlled education greatly promoted irreligion in all its forms, while numerous propaganda campaigns against the concept of religion were regularly organized. The Amathian-rite Catholic Church was forcefully disbanded due to its perceived ties to Etruria and Gaullica, and a heavy stigma was placed upon the Episemialists, while their church was purged of Soravian and Tengarian influences, especially during the Equalist regime. This has led to the creation of a significant irreligious minority that continued to exist even after the fall of Equalism. There is however a rather stark contrast between it and the rest of the population, as the irreligious Amathians are mostly clustered in the large cities, while the rural areas are still overwhelmingly heavily religious. Political affiliation and education also have an important effect.
The exact numbers are however disputed. Irreligion still carries a great stigma with it, and as such, it is believed that many people simply mark themselves as religious during censuses due to pressure from the family and the society. Such pressure also influence the number of actively religious people, as the number of those who regularly go to church are also debated, with some regions being more religious than others. Arciluco, as the center of the country, is also often given as a clear example of this division. West Arciluco, due to its many years of Soravian rule and having escaped the persecutions of the Equalist era, remains a hotspot of active religious behavior. East Arciluco, where the seat of the Ecumenical Patriarchate actually lies, is however an area of irreligious concentration, due to its former status as the capital of the Council and later Equalist Republic.
Health
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Education
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| Kindergarten (Pre-school) | ||
| Age | Grade | Type |
|---|---|---|
| 3–4 | Grupa mică | optional |
| 4–5 | Grupa mijlocie | optional |
| 5–6 | Grupa mare | compulsory |
| Primary school (Primary School) | ||
| Age | Grade | Type |
| 6–7 | Clasa pregătitoare | compulsory |
| 7–8 | Clasa I | compulsory |
| 8–9 | Clasa II | compulsory |
| 9–10 | Clasa III | compulsory |
| 10–11 | Clasa IV | compulsory |
| Gymnasium (Middle school) | ||
| Age | Grade | Type |
| 11–12 | Clasa V | compulsory |
| 12–13 | Clasa VI | compulsory |
| 13–14 | Clasa VII | compulsory |
| 14–15 | Clasa VIII | compulsory |
| Lyceum (Secondary School) | ||
| Age | Grade | Type |
| 15–16 | Clasa IX | compulsory |
| 16–17 | Clasa X | compulsory |
| 17–18 | Clasa XI | compulsory |
| 18–19 | Clasa XII | compulsory |
| Lyceum (Secondary School) | ||
| Age | Grade | Type |
| 15–16 | Clasa IX | compulsory |
| 16–17 | Clasa X | compulsory |
| 17–18 | Clasa XI | compulsory |
| 18–19 | Clasa XII | compulsory |
Culture
Folk culture and cuisine
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Architecture
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Visual arts
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Music and dance
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Literature and philosophy
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Cinema, animation, and media
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Sports
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National holidays
| Date | Name | Holiday | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 January | New Year's Day |  |
|
| 2 January | New Year's Holiday | |
|
| 6 January | Epiphany | |
|
| movable Friday | Good Friday | |
The Friday before Easter Sunday |
| movable Sunday | Easter Sunday | |
|
| movable Monday | Easter Monday | |
The Monday after Easter Sunday |
| movable Sunday | Pentecost | |
50 Days after Easter |
| movable Monday | Whit Monday | |
The Monday after the Pentecost |
| 1 May | Day of Equality and Labor | |
|
| 10 May | Day of the Crown |  |
Celebrating the Coronation of Charles I of Amathia and the Everlasting Union |
| 5 June | Day of the Brotherly Union | |
Celebrating the Unio Trium Nationum |
| 15 August | Dormition of the Mother of God | |
Also the day of the Amathian Navy, since the Mother of God is the patron of the Navy |
| 30 November | Day of the Great Apostle | |
St. Andrew's Day |
| 6 December | St. Nicholas Day | |
|
| 16 December | National Day | |
|
| 24 December | Nativity's Eve | |
Also known as Template:Wikipedia |
| 25/26 December | Nativity | |
Also known as Template:Wikipedia |
| 31 December | New Year's Eve | |
Tourism
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See also
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Notes
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