Hisaristan
Empire of Hisaristan Шоҳаншоҳии Ҳисористон (Dehgan and Hazarakhan) Империя Хисаристана (Hisari Sclavonic) Ҳулокуийлар Давлати (Kazkan and Dasht) Ил Хаант Улс (Sükhbaataryn) | |
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 Flag | |
Anthem:
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| Capital | Hasanhisar |
| Largest city | Rukhmeydan |
| Official languages | |
| Official script | |
| Recognised religions | |
| Ethnic groups |
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| Demonym(s) | Hisari |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
| Timurbaatar III Hulegin | |
| Ashraf Khan | |
| Legislature | |
| Formation | |
| 1510 | |
| April 18th, 1867 | |
| 1910 | |
| Population | |
• 2019 estimate | 60,000,000 |
• 2018 census | 58,210,300 |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $464 billion USD |
• Per capita | $8,000 USD |
| Gini (2016) | 36.8 medium |
| HDI (2016) |  .70high |
| Currency | Rial (R) (HR) |
| Date format |
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| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +22 |
| ISO 3166 code | HIS |
| Internet TLD | .his |
Hisaristan, officially the Empire of Hisaristan (Dehgan and Hazarakhan: Шоҳаншоҳии Ҳисористон tr. Shohanshohiye Hisoriston lit. Imperial Hisaristan, Hisari Sclavonic: Империя Хисаристана tr. Imperiya Hisaristana lit. Empire of Hisaristan, Kazkan and Dasht: Ҳулокуийлар Давлати tr. Hulokuiylar Davlati lit. Hulegin State, Sükhbaataryn: Ил Хаант Улс tr. Il Khaant Uls lit. Ilkhanate) is a sovereign state in Western Catai. The country is bordered by Vynozhia to the north, Uwhistan and Dayganistan to the south, Ústekia and Dýnaria to the east, and Dreyvisveyvich to the west. Led by Shahanshah-i Khaan Timurbaatar III of the House of Hulagu, Hisaristan is a federal constitutional monarchy comprised of eight vilayets, four ilkhanates, four beyliks, four knyazdoms, and one imperial city.
The territory that now constitutes Hisaristan was first settled by nomadic pastoralists and later Razumi nomads from Kazhwir who founded independent kingdoms in the Dasht-e Kazkan and Dal'niyvostok regions. These kingdoms were conquered by Ardeshir the Great, whose Empire collapsed after his death in the 9th century bce. During the 6th century bce, the Mazyari civilization arose in the region, centered around cities such as Rukhmeydan, Shahestan, and Hazarakhan that developed into regional centers of trade due to their strategic location on the Silk Road. These city-states were eventually united under the Tokhar Kingdm and were ruled by various Razumi dynasties such as the Mihranids for the remainder of antiquity. In the 7th century ce, Hamza Ghazi, a convert to Irsad conquered Hisaristan and established the Zaidi Sultanate. Thanks to intensified contact with the Muridin world, the wealthy cities of Hashtadistan and the Dasht-e Kazkan developed into important centers of science and learning. Meanwhile, Türük incursions from Transcandar intensified, leading to the Kazkan and Dasht migrations. The region was later devastated by the Sükhbaataryn invasions and came under the contorl of the Sükhbaataryn Khaganate until its collapse in the 14th century, after which Hashtadistan and the Dasht-e Kazkan were largely dominated by Türük and Sükhbaataryn states. In the 15th century, the Kahramanli Sultanate and the Haydari Imamate became the most powerful states in the region. They were later overthrown by Tarkhan I, a descendant of Hulagu Khan and the founder of the Hisari Khanate.
Under Tarkhan II, the Hisari Khanate conquered many of the successor states of the Sükhbaataryn Khaganate until a defeat at the hands of the Chezderino Kingdom in 1551 saw the loss of what is now Serjebizci and the Dal'niyvostok. The steppes of Dal'niyvostok saw a prolonged period of Sclavonic settlement under Chezderino control. Tarkhan II's successors maintained a strong economy and a flexible military that underwent significant reforms with Kodeshi aid in the 17th century, allowing the Khanate to gradually enter a prolonged period of expansion that saw it double its territory. In 1640, the Chezderino Kingdom collapsed, leading the reconquest of the Dal'niyvostok and significant portions of Serjebizci. The reconquest of these regions left Hisaristan with a significant Sclavonic population. At the invitation of Kazan Khan, cossacks from Vynozhia were invited to the Dal'niyvostok to act as vassals of the Hisari khans, resulting in the gradual Vynozhification of the region. In 1675, Hisaristan entered a political union with a now-independent Serjebizci to counter the rising influence of Czechiroslovania. Despite the union, the Hisari khans and Sclavonic kings acted largely independent of one another for much of the 18th century.
During the 19th century, Hisaristan became on the largest producers of cotton in the world, allowing Timurbaatar I to institute a series of military, administrative, and economic reforms that transformed the Hisari state into a modern bureaucracy that could sponsor the industrialization of the cotton and textile industries. In the 1880s, the Socialist revolution in Serjebizci led to the breakup of the union and the declaration of the Empire of Hisaristan by Timurbaatar II in 1884. Firuz Shah, Timurbaatar's successor, led a series of conquests into the Dasht-e Kazkan, the Dasht-e Ghazan, Qaradag, and Southern Vynozhia that tripled Hisaristan's territory, leaving behind an Empire stratching from Dayganistan to the Chokashian frontier. Ruling from 1896 to 1938, Firuz Shah was responsible for large-scale modernization schemes and oversaw a prolonged period of rapid urban and industrial expansion that marked the height of Hisari power. Among his achievements were the Constitutional Reforms of 1910, which led to the foundation of a constitutional monarchy and the Imperial Parliament.
Firuz Shah's death in 1938 triggered a lengthy succession crisis that led to the weakening of Hisari central authority in the Empire's northern frontier. In 1939, the ASU declared war on Hisaristan, forcing the Hisaris to cede the entirety of their Tatar territories in Southern Vynozhia. This was the start of a long period of decline that saw Hisari influence over its neighbors wane as the central government struggled to hold the country together after losing a fifth of its territory. In 1953, the ASU invaded Qaradag and installed a Socialist regime there. In 1970, the ASU invaded Hisaristan with the intention of installing a Socialist regime in Hasanhisar. Led by Timurbaatar II, the Hisaris with the help of Shurawi mujahids and foreign volunteers from across the Muridin world defeated the Vynozhians after seven long years of intense fighting in the Khatlon Mountains. The ASU Invasion of Hisaristan was turning point in the Aeian Cold War that eventually led to the ASU Civil War. The reconstruction of Northern Hisaristan saw the implementation of major social, economic, and administrative reforms that effectively modernized the Hisari state and military and allowed it to re-establish itself as an influential force in Western Catai.
Hisaristan has a population of 60 million that is largely comprised of Hashtads, Dal'nevostochniks, Hazarakhans, Kazkans, Dashts and Sükhbaataryn. The official languages are Dehgan, Hazarakhan, Hisari Sclavonic, Kazkan, Dasht, Sükhbaataryn, and Arabic. Irsad is the state religion of Hisaristan and is followed by 79.17% of the population. Although Hisaristan is officially a democratic constitutional monarchy, Timurbaatar III dominates the central government, wields significant influence over the legislature, and has been accused of human rights abuses and the suppression of political dissent. Human rights activists have described Hisaristan as an authoritarian autocracy with limited civil rights and political freedoms. Hisaristan has a mixed market economy and is an important producer of cotton, textiles, oil, natural gas, and hydroelectricity.
Name
The name "Hisaristan" means "Land of Forts". The suffix "-stan" is Dehgan for "place of" or "country" and is derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian *sthana-. "Hisar" is derived from the Arabic "حصار" meaning "fortress", stemming from the root ح ص ر (ḥ-ṣ-r).
Historically, the region now know as Hisaristan was referred to as "Tokharia", meaning "land of the Tokhars" by the West due to the writings of Fiorentine historians who referred to all of Hisaristan after the Tokhar Kingdom that ruled the region at the time. The Mazyaris of Hashtadistan and Ravshandaran originally referred to the region as "Mazyaristan", meaning "land protected by the yazata of the moon" - a name which would continue to be associated with the region throughout history.
The first usage of the name "Hisoriston" was recorded in a diplomatic treaty written in Dehgan between the Kahramanli Sultanate and the Haydari Imamate in 1436 describing the Hashtadehrud River Valley as a "land of forts", referring to the famous chain of fortresses built by Imam Haydar during the Haydari-Kahramanli War of 1421. This name came to be associated with the valley and was later adopted as the name of the Hisari Khanate by its founder, Tarkhan I. Over time, "Hisaristan" became associated with the area controlled by the Khanate and eventually supplanted "Tokharia" and "Mazyaristan".
Hisaristan has several official names depending on the language used. "Imperial Hisaristan" is used in Dehgan and Hazarakhan where it is written as Шоҳаншоҳии Ҳисористон in Hisari, Shohonshohiye Hisoriston in Latin, and شاهنشاهی حسارستان in Dehgan. "The Empire of Hisaristan is used in Hisari Sclavonic where it is written as Империя Хисаристана in Hisari and Imperiya Hisaristana in Latin.
"Hulegin State", referring to Hulagu Khan of the Ilkhanate, is used in Kazkan and Dasht where it is written as Ҳулокуийлар Давлати in Hisari and Hulokuiylar Davlati in Latin. "Ilkhanate" is used in Sükhbaataryn where it is written as Ил Хаант Улс in Hisari and Il Khaant Uls in Latin. Traditionally, "Turkmen State" was used in Sükhbaataryn sources before 1867 where it was written as Туркмен Улс in Hisari, Turkmen Uls in Latin, and ᠲᠦᠷᠻᠮᠸᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ in Sükhbaataryn.
History
Prehistory
Archaeological evidence indicates that humans have been in Hisaristan since the Upper Paleolithic. Charcoal and red ocher paintings of lynx, deer, and mammoths dating to 20,000 years ago discovered at the Mstislavets Cave.
From the 10th to the 7th millennium bce, early agricultural communities collectively referred to as the Sozkand culture flourished in Hashtadistan and the Dasht-e Kazkan.
During the Chalcolithic, the Khatlon civilization arose in Ashrafshah and founded large-scale settlements featuring monumental structures such as those at Hafizan, Ostandarbagh, and Zravankurgan. Evidence suggests that the Khatlon civilization engaged in large-scale metallurgy and agricultural irrigation.