Hisaristan

Revision as of 17:03, 2 May 2019 by Timur Khan (talk | contribs)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Republic of Hisaristan
جمهوری حصارـِسْتَان (Persian)
Jomhūrī-ye Hisārestān
Flag
Flag
Coat of Arms
Coat of arms
Anthem: ملي سرود
Millī Surūd MediaPlayer.png
Map of Hisaristan [[1]]
Map of Hisaristan [[2]]
CapitalHasanhisor
Largest cityRukhmaydon
Official languages
Official script
Recognised religions
Ethnic groups
Demonym(s)Hisari
GovernmentUnitary Irsadic socialist presidential republic
• President
Rahmatullo Rostamzoda
Hafizullah Markazi
Legislature
Formation
600 b.c.e.
124 c.e.
815
• Ilkhanate
1256
1494
18 April 1876
1929
1985
14 May 1985
Population
• 2019 estimate
60,000,000
• 2018 census
58,210,300
GDP (PPP)2018 estimate
• Total
$464 billion USD
• Per capita
$8,000 USD
Gini (2016)36.8
medium
HDI (2016)Increase .70
high
CurrencyRial (R) (HR)
Date format
  • dd/mm/yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+22
ISO 3166 codeHIS
Internet TLD.his

Name

The name "Hisaristan" means "Land of Forts". The suffix "-stan" is Dehgan for "place of" or "country" and is derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian *sthana-. "Hisar" is derived from the Arabic "حصار" meaning "fortress", stemming from the root ح ص ر‎ (ḥ-ṣ-r).

Historically, the region now know as Hisaristan was referred to as "Tokharia", meaning "land of the Tokhars" by the West due to the writings of Fiorentine historians who referred to all of Hisaristan after the Tokhar Kingdom that ruled the region at the time. The Mazyaris of Hashtadistan and Ravshandaran originally referred to the region as "Mazyaristan", meaning "land protected by the yazata of the moon" - a name which would continue to be associated with the region throughout history.

The first usage of the name "Hisoriston" was recorded in a diplomatic treaty written in Dehgan between the Kahramanli Sultanate and the Haydari Imamate in 1436 describing the Hashtadehrud River Valley as a "land of forts", referring to the famous chain of fortresses built by Imam Haydar during the Haydari-Kahramanli War of 1421. This name came to be associated with the valley and was later adopted as the name of the Hisari Khanate by its founder, Tarkhan I. Over time, "Hisaristan" became associated with the area controlled by the Khanate and eventually supplanted "Tokharia" and "Mazyaristan".

History

Prehistory

Archaeological evidence indicates that humans have been in Hisaristan since the Upper Paleolithic. Charcoal and red ocher paintings of lynx, deer, and mammoths dating to 20,000 years ago discovered at the Mstislavets Cave.

From the 10th to the 7th millennium bce, early agricultural communities collectively referred to as the Sozkand culture flourished in Hashtadiston and Dashtiston.

During the Chalcolithic, the Khatlon civilization arose in Hashtadiston and founded large-scale settlements featuring monumental structures such as those at Hafizan, and Shahidon. Evidence suggests that the Khatlon civilization engaged in large-scale metallurgy and agricultural irrigation.

Antiquity and early Mazyari period

Late Mazyari period and Tokhar Kingdom

Mihranid Kingdom and Rise of Irsad

Sükhbaataryn invasion and early medieval period

Ilkhanate and Kahramanli Sultanate

Hisari Khanate

Union with Dreviseyvich

Hisari Khaganate and modernization

Recent history

Geography

Climate

Flora and fauna

Government and politics

Administrative divisions

Autonomous Ilkhanates, Beyliks, and Knyazdoms

House of Hulagu

Legislature

Political parties

Law

Foreign relations

Military

Military history

Economy

Agriculture

Infrastructure

Industry

Energy

Science, technology, and education

Demographics

Ethnic groups

Languages

Religion

Shurawiyya

Culture

Art

Architecture

Literature

Philosophy

Music

Theater

Cinema

Holidays

Cuisine

Sports

Media