This is a list of current heads of state and heads of government. In some cases, mainly in presidential systems, there is only one leader being both head of state and head of government. In other cases, mainly in semi-presidential and parliamentary systems, the head of state and the head of government are different people. In semi-presidential and parliamentary systems, the head of government role (i.e. executive branch) is fulfilled by both the listed head of government and the head of state. In single-party systems, the ruling party's leader is usually the de facto top leader of the state, though sometimes this leader also holds presidency or premiership.
Sovereign states
Colour key
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Green cells indicate leaders whose offices constitutionally administer the executive of their respective state/government.
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Blue cells indicate non–ceremonial heads of state with limited power or de facto government leaders whose offices lack de jure constitutional power.
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- Note: Names in small font generally denote acting, interim, transitional, temporary leaders, or representatives. Other notes and exceptions are provided at § Notes.
Other states
See also