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Polyashi Sign Language

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Polyashi Sign Language (P.S.L.)
Lingua gesticulatoria Pœliacorum (L.G.P.)
Sign language L.svgSign language G.svg LGP P outline.png
People communicating using the LGP
People communicating using the LGP
Pronunciation[ɛl d͡ʒiː piː]Speaker Icon.svg or [ɛl ɡɛː pɛː]Speaker Icon.svg
Native toCountries influenced by the Kento-Polyashi culture
RegionSouthern and Southwestern Thuadia
Native speakers
L1: ~3,000,000
L2: ~2,500,000
FL: ~5,000,000
Official status
Official language in
Language codes
ISO 639-1LGP
ISO 639-2LGP
ISO 639-3LGP
LGPDistributionMap.png
  Areas where LGP is the official sign language
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For a guide to IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Polyashi Sign Language, usually called LGP ([ɛl d͡ʒiː piː] or [ɛl ɡɛː pɛː] in IPA, Sign language L.svgSign language G.svg LGP P outline.png Sign language A.svg in LGPA) as a shortcut of "Lingua gesticulatoria Pœliacorum" (which is the name in Latin), sometimes written in other scripts: ЛГП (Govoric), ⲖⲄⲠ (Protopolyash), ឯល្គេពេ (Preimeai) or BotoEA.pngBotoLS.pngBotoGM.pngBoto&L.pngFile:BotoPE.pngBoto&A.png (Boto) is a sign languages used by deaf communities in southern and southwestern Thuadia, in general areas influenced by the Kento-Polyashi culture. It is a logographic language with signs for most common phonemes in local languages for possible spelling of words with no set symbol.

History

The origins of the languages are unclear, but it is expected, that the language developed in perpetua as the diverging Kento-Polyashi tribes tried communicating with neighboring cultures, especially Mokhavic and Germanic in the southern Thuadia and Romance on the Canterian peninsula.

The first recorded mention of the language comes from present-day Zhousheng, where a local Proto-Bogmian Catholic priest during the times of early Kaȝin reformation complained, that a Kaȝin priest used a sign language among local Tghok populace to spread their belief onto the pagan populace rather than using a language (there was a strong belief in the Gift of Tongues at that time).

First codified form can be found in present day Kentalis from 1650, where a community of Ereskans codified a standart for communication with a local field hospital, where a lot of people were shellshocked and temporairly lost their hearing because of a loud explosion in their proximity.

The language got international codification only by the mid of 18th century after the establishment of the Empire of Three Kings, where local deaf communities in Gadorieni states, the Empire of Three Kings, western parts of Prei Meas, southern Qazhshava and Speke started coordinating in creating a sign lingua france for possible cross-border communication. Although the first codified language was incoherrent to many deaf communities, further changes allowed its development to the extend in which it exists today.

On the 1912 congress (shortly after the Great War), communities from 16 countries codified the unified language as the official sign language of their respective countries, which started to be educated on deaf schools.

First country to officially declare the codified LGP as an official sign language was Zhengia in 1905.

Country Official Cancelled Note
 Zhengia 1905 1943 Legislation transferred to Zhousheng
 Bogmia 1909 1943 Legislation transferred to Zhousheng
 Gadorien 1910
 Kentalis 1916
 Krenya 1923
PreiMeanNokoriteFlag.png Colonial Prei Meas 1924 1947 Legislation transferred to independent Prei Meas
BorelianKingdomFlag.png Colonial Storvan 1925 1947 Legislation transferred to independent Storvan
 Qazhshava 1926
 Torvon 1932
 Tiskaiya 1935
 Zhousheng 1943 2017 Reaffirmation from Bogmia and Zhengia, legislation transferred to Mustelaria
StorvanFlag.png Storvan State 1947 1951 Legislation transferred to Storvan Autonomy via Zhousheng
Triumvirateflag.png The Triumvirate 1948
 Prei Meas 1951 1975 Cancelled by the communists during the civil war, reinstated after the war ended
1977
 Monte Blanco 1957 2017 Legislation language transferred to Mustelaria
 Speke 1961
 Mustelaria 2017 Reaffirmation from Zhousheng and Monte Blanco

Introduction

TBA

Phoneme signs

Polyashi Phonetic Manual Alphabet
LGP Phonetic Alphabet
Lengua de Signos (Juan Pablo Bonet, 1620) A.jpg
Symbol for /a ~ ɑ/ as displayed on a 1905 cover of a book focusing on the topic (in Prybournian)
Type
Manual
LanguagesPolyashi Sign Language
Creator4th Southern Thuadian Congress of the Deaf (standardization)
Created~1810
Published
~1905
Parent systems
Polyash sign pidgin
  • Polyashi Phonetic Manual Alphabet

The language has special signs for:

  • Consonants: /b/, /p/, /t͡s ~ ʈ͡s/, /t͡ʃ ~ t͡ɕ ~ t͡ʂ/, /d͡z ~ ɖ͡z/, /d͡ʒ ~ d͡ʑ ~ d͡ʐ/, /ʃ ~ ɕ ~ ʂ/, /ʒ ~ ʑ ~ ʐ/, /d ~ ɖ/, /t ~ ʈ/, /tʲ~ c/, /dʲ ~ ɟ/, /h ~ ɦ/, /x ~ χ/, /z ~ zʲ/, /s ~ sʲ/, /ð ~ θ/, /ɡ ~ ɢ/, /k/, /q/, /v ~ β/, /f ~ ɸ/, /r ~ ɾ/, /ʀ ~ ɹ ~ ʁ/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /nʲ ~ ɲ/, /l ~ ɫ ~ ʟ/, /ʎ ~ lʲ ~ ȴ/, /ɰ ~ w/, /j ~ ʝ/
  • Vowels: /a ~ ɑ/, /ɛ ~ e/, /æ ~ ə ~ ɤ/, /ɔ ~ o/, /i ~ ɪ/, /ʊ ~ u ~ ʏ/, /ɨ ~ y/, /ø ~ œ/

Which are used for spelling untraditional words, shortcuts, and names, that do not have a classical symbol, or which are not understood by the other speaker.

Signs for classical phonemes and numbers
All signs can be done with a single hand (in this example right hand, left can be used also)
LGP-B.jpg LGP-P.jpg LGP-D.jpg LGP-T.jpg LGP-DJ.jpg LGP-C.jpg LGP-G.jpg LGP-K.jpg LGP-Q.jpg LGP-TH.jpg
/b/ /p/ /d ~ ɖ/ /t ~ ʈ/ /dʲ ~ ɟ/ /tʲ ~ c/ /ɡ ~ ɢ/ /k/ /q/ /ð ~ θ/
LGP-M.jpg LGP-N.jpg LGP-NJ.jpg LGP-NG.jpg LGP-LJ.jpg LGP-L.jpg LGP-RJ.jpg LGP-R.jpg LGP-J.jpg LGP-W.jpg
/m/ /n/ /nʲ ~ ɲ/ /ŋ/ /ʎ ~ lʲ ~ ȴ/ /l ~ ɫ ~ ʟ/ /ʀ ~ ɹ ~ ʁ/ /r ~ ɾ/ /j ~ ʝ/ /ɰ ~ w/
LGP-DZ.jpg LGP-TS.jpg LGP-DZX.jpg LGP-TSX.jpg LGP-Z.jpg LGP-S.jpg LGP-ZX.jpg LGP-SX.jpg LGP-V.jpg LGP-F.jpg
/d͡z ~ ɖ͡z/ /t͡s ~ ʈ͡s/ /d͡ʒ ~ d͡ʑ/ /t͡ʃ ~ t͡ɕ/ /z ~ zʲ/ /s ~ sʲ/ /ʒ ~ ʑ ~ ʐ/ /ʃ ~ ɕ ~ ʂ/ /v ~ β/ /f ~ ɸ/
LGP-H.jpg LGP-X.jpg LGP-A.jpg LGP-E.jpg LGP-AE.jpg LGP-O.jpg LGP-I.jpg LGP-U.jpg LGP-Y.jpg LGP-OE.jpg
/h ~ ɦ/ /x ~ χ/ /a ~ ɑ ~ ɒ/ /ɛ ~ e/ /æ ~ ə ~ ɤ/ /ɔ ~ o/ /i ~ ɪ/ /ʊ ~ u ~ ʏ/ /ɨ ~ y/ /ø ~ œ/
LGP-1.jpg LGP-2.jpg LGP-3.jpg LGP-4.jpg LGP-5.jpg LGP-6.jpg LGP-7.jpg LGP-8.jpg LGP-9.jpg LGP-0.jpg
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 ~ 10

This alphabet is of course linked to the language of origin of the speaker and can be realistically used only in communication between two people of the same nationality.

Pronouns

The language uses the 4th person in plural for the exclusive we.

Figure Includes Name
Speaker Listener Others
0th Person NO NO NO Nobody
1st person YES NO NO I
YES YES YES We (inclus.)
YES YES NO
2nd person NO YES NO You (sg.)
NO YES YES You (pl.)
3rd person NO NO YES He/She/It/They
4th person YES NO YES We (exclus.)
Singular Plural Other
I You They We (incl.) You They We (excl.) None Every Any Some Who
File:LGP-1sg.jpg File:LGP-2sg.jpg File:LGP-3sg.jpg File:LGP-1pl.jpg File:LGP-2pl.jpg File:LGP-3pl.jpg File:LGP-4pl.jpg File:LGP-noper.jpg File:LGP-allper.jpg File:LGP-sbper.jpg File:LGP-anyper.jpg File:LGP-whoper.jpg
1.sg 2.sg 3.sg 1.pl 2.pl 3.pl 4.pl A.sg A.pl ?.sg ?.pl Ques.
Clusivity chart Does it include the listener?
YES NO
Does it include
the speaker?
YES Inclusive We Exclusive We
NO You They

Word Order

The LGP has a heavily controlled word order, which works as following:

MODIFIERSFurther adverbialsSUBJECTADVERBIALS — POSSIBLE NEGATION — PREDICATE — POSSIBLE QUESTION — Object modifiersOBJECTS

For example, the pangram "The quick brown fox jumps over a lazy dog" would have the order of "Quick - brown - fox - to jump - lazy - over dog"

If we were to modify the sentence to "The very quick light brown fox doesn't steadily jump over a somewhat lazy dog", we would have to follow the word order to: "Quick - very - brown - light - fox - to jump - steadily - not - lazy - somewhat - over dog"