Salamat: Difference between revisions
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{{Region icon Anteria}} | |||
{{Infobox country | {{Infobox country | ||
|micronation = <!--yes if a micronation--> | |micronation = <!--yes if a micronation--> | ||
|conventional_long_name = People's Democratic Republic of Salamat | |conventional_long_name = '''People's Democratic Republic of Salamat''' | ||
|native_name = | |native_name = '''جمهورية السلامات الديمقراطية الشعبية''' (Arabic) | ||
|common_name = Salamat | |common_name = Salamat | ||
|status = <!--Status of country, especially useful for micronations--> | |status = <!--Status of country, especially useful for micronations--> | ||
| Line 11: | Line 12: | ||
|alt_flag2 = <!--alt text for second flag--> | |alt_flag2 = <!--alt text for second flag--> | ||
|flag2_border = <!--set to no to disable border around the flag--> | |flag2_border = <!--set to no to disable border around the flag--> | ||
|image_coat = | |image_coat = [[File:SalamatCoA.png|150px]] | ||
|alt_coat = <!--alt text for coat of arms--> | |alt_coat = <!--alt text for coat of arms--> | ||
|symbol_type = <!--emblem, seal, etc (if not a coat of arms)--> | |symbol_type = <!--emblem, seal, etc (if not a coat of arms)--> | ||
|symbol_footnote = <!--optional reference or footnote for the symbol caption--> | |symbol_footnote = <!--optional reference or footnote for the symbol caption--> | ||
|national_motto = | |national_motto = "إرادة الشعب ، إرادة الأمة"<br><small>"The People's will, The Nation's will"</small> | ||
|englishmotto = | |englishmotto = | ||
|national_anthem = "والله زمان يا سلاحي" I swear to God it's time, my weapon | |national_anthem = "والله زمان يا سلاحي" <br><small>I swear to God it's time, my weapon</small> | ||
[[File:MediaPlayer.png|link=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IDIbCjedQZs|200px]] | |||
|royal_anthem = <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists--> | |royal_anthem = <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists--> | ||
|other_symbol_type = <!--Use if a further symbol exists, e.g. hymn--> | |other_symbol_type = <!--Use if a further symbol exists, e.g. hymn--> | ||
|other_symbol = | |other_symbol = | ||
|image_map = | |image_map = | ||
[[File:Globe 4.png|250px]] | |||
|loctext = <!--text description of location of country--> | |loctext = <!--text description of location of country--> | ||
|alt_map = <!--alt text for map--> | |alt_map = <!--alt text for map--> | ||
|map_caption = | |map_caption = Location of Salamat in [[Anteria]]. | ||
|image_map2 = | |image_map2 = [[File:Salamat cities name.jpg|200px]] | ||
|alt_map2 = | |alt_map2 = | ||
|map_caption2 = | |map_caption2 = Major cities of Salamat. | ||
|capital = [[Dar Al Hamma]] | |capital = [[Dar Al Hamma]] | ||
|coordinates = | |coordinates = | ||
| Line 42: | Line 45: | ||
|languages2 = <!--Languages of this second further type--> | |languages2 = <!--Languages of this second further type--> | ||
|languages2_sub = <!--Is the second alternative type of languages a sub-item of the previous non-sub type? ("yes" or "no")--> | |languages2_sub = <!--Is the second alternative type of languages a sub-item of the previous non-sub type? ("yes" or "no")--> | ||
|ethnic_groups = Arabic | |ethnic_groups = Arabic 85% <br> Berber 11% <br> Hebrew 2% <br> Other 2% | ||
|ethnic_groups_year = | |ethnic_groups_year = 2018 | ||
|ethnic_groups_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with ethnic groups data)--> | |ethnic_groups_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with ethnic groups data)--> | ||
|religion = Sunni Islam | |religion = Sunni Islam 97% (official) <br> Judaism 2% <br> Other 1% | ||
|religion_year = 2016 | |religion_year = 2016 | ||
|religion_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with religion data)--> | |religion_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with religion data)--> | ||
| Line 53: | Line 56: | ||
|leader_name1 = [[Abd-El Rahman Jarruf]] | |leader_name1 = [[Abd-El Rahman Jarruf]] | ||
|leader_title2 = Prime Minister | |leader_title2 = Prime Minister | ||
|leader_name2 = [[ | |leader_name2 = [[Sanaa Ben Ziane]] | ||
<!--......--> | <!--......--> | ||
|leader_title14 = <!--(up to 14 distinct leaders may be included)--> | |leader_title14 = <!--(up to 14 distinct leaders may be included)--> | ||
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|sovereignty_type = <!--Brief description of country/territory's status ("Independence [from...]", "Autonomous province [of...]", etc)--> | |sovereignty_type = <!--Brief description of country/territory's status ("Independence [from...]", "Autonomous province [of...]", etc)--> | ||
|sovereignty_note = | |sovereignty_note = | ||
|established_event1 = | |established_event1 = Conquest of the area by Islamic Armies | ||
|established_date1 = | |established_date1 = 640 CE | ||
| | |established_event2 = Creation of the Salimid Caliphate | ||
| | |established_date2 = 1450 CE | ||
|established_event3 = Fall of the Salimid Caliphate | |||
|established_date3 = 1785 CE | |||
|established_event4 = Colonization by [[Riamo]] | |||
|established_date4 = March 4 1828 | |||
|established_event5 = Start of the Salamati Independence War | |||
|established_date5 = October 9 1964 | |||
|established_event6 = End of the Salamati Independence War | |||
|established_date6 = September 3 1969 | |||
|established_event7 = Coup d'Etat of Jalil Al Kharrabi | |||
|established_date7 = May 16 1977 | |||
|established_event8 = Start of the Salamati Civil War | |||
|established_date8 = April 10 1993 | |||
|established_event9 = End of the Salamati Civil War | |||
|established_date9 = January 29 1999 | |||
<!--......--> | <!--......--> | ||
|established_event13 = <!--(up to 13 distinct events may be included)--> | |established_event13 = <!--(up to 13 distinct events may be included)--> | ||
| Line 71: | Line 88: | ||
|area_rank = | |area_rank = | ||
|area = <!--Major area size (in [[Template:convert]] either km2 or sqmi first)--> | |area = <!--Major area size (in [[Template:convert]] either km2 or sqmi first)--> | ||
|area_km2 = | |area_km2 = 137,905 <!--Major area size (in square km)--> | ||
|area_sq_mi = <!--Area in square mi (requires area_km2)--> | |area_sq_mi = <!--Area in square mi (requires area_km2)--> | ||
|area_footnote = <!--Optional footnote for area--> | |area_footnote = <!--Optional footnote for area--> | ||
|percent_water = | |percent_water = 0.4% | ||
|area_label = <!--Label under "Area" (default is "Total")--> | |area_label = <!--Label under "Area" (default is "Total")--> | ||
|area_label2 = <!--Label below area_label (optional)--> | |area_label2 = <!--Label below area_label (optional)--> | ||
| Line 82: | Line 99: | ||
|population_estimate_year = | |population_estimate_year = | ||
|population_census = 28,439,211 | |population_census = 28,439,211 | ||
|population_census_year = | |population_census_year = 2022 | ||
|population_density_km2 = | |population_density_km2 = 206.2 | ||
|population_density_sq_mi = | |population_density_sq_mi = | ||
|population_density_rank = | |population_density_rank = | ||
|nummembers = <!--An alternative to population for micronation--> | |nummembers = <!--An alternative to population for micronation--> | ||
|GDP_PPP = $ | |GDP_PPP = $381,924 billion <!--(Gross Domestic Product from Purchasing Power Parity)--> | ||
|GDP_PPP_rank = | |GDP_PPP_rank = | ||
|GDP_PPP_year = | |GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | ||
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $ | |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $13,443 | ||
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | ||
|GDP_nominal = $ | |GDP_nominal = $145,215 billion | ||
|GDP_nominal_rank = | |GDP_nominal_rank = | ||
|GDP_nominal_year = | |GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | ||
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $ | |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $5,111 | ||
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = | |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = | ||
|Gini = 28.2 | |Gini = 28.2 | ||
|Gini_change = steady | |||
|Gini_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with Gini number)--> | |Gini_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with Gini number)--> | ||
|Gini_rank = | |Gini_rank = | ||
|Gini_year = | |Gini_year = 2010 | ||
|HDI_year = | |HDI_year = 2023 <!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | ||
|HDI = 0. | |HDI = 0.749 <!--(Human Development Index; input number only; valid values are between 0 and 1)--> | ||
|HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady; rank change from previous year--> | |HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady; rank change from previous year--> | ||
|HDI_rank = | |HDI_rank = | ||
|HDI_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with HDI number)--> | |HDI_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with HDI number)--> | ||
|currency = Salamati Dinar | |currency = [[Salamati Dinar]] | ||
|currency_code = SLD | |currency_code = SLD | ||
|time_zone = SLT | |time_zone = SLT | ||
| Line 128: | Line 146: | ||
}} | }} | ||
Salamat is a country located in North [[Thrismari]]. | Salamat is a country located in North [[Thrismari]], on the planet [[Anteria]]. It is bordered by the [[Anchor Lake]] to the south, [[Ouardania]] to the north, [[Khirmania]] to the east and [[Yryel]] to the west. It also has a maritime border with [[Ghashir]]. | ||
== History == | |||
=== Islamic Conquest and Early History=== | |||
The area where Salamat is now established was pretty quiet and there were only some nomad berber tribes living there. The Muslims arrived in 640 CE, and started converting the local berber tribes to Islam, with little resistance from the tribes against conversion. The Anchor Island was uninhabited at that time and was conquered in 656 CE. Over time, it was starting to get inhabited by the Arabs and they eventually created the Ankur Caliphate in 744 CE, which was a vassal state of the much bigger [[Harithi Caliphate]]. The Caliphate's capital was Hayyum, on the west coast of the Anchor Island and it was home to many Arab astronomers of the 9th, 10th and 11th century. | |||
The Ankur Caliphate was engaged in crusades against [[Kakland|The Kakish Kingdoms]] in the 1210s and 1220s. in the 1st crusade , The Kysxka troops arrived on the Ankur Island in September 1218 and established the Anchur Empire which lasted for 5 years. The empire attempted to build cities, which are now popular touristic spots, in the occupied areas which were the Ankur Island and the Hani Peninsula. After those 5 years, the Ankur Caliphate along with foreign help manage to regain the Hani Peninsula and the northern part of Ankur Island. During the 2nd crusade, The Ankurids arrived on the Sugok Peninsula, occupied by the Stivir Kingdom, and now in the actual Northern [[Kakland]] and established the Kakla Caliphate in 1225. A minority of the native population converted to Islam and the Kakla Caliphate reigned until August 1228, when troops of the Kakish Kingdoms regained the area. Some Kakish persons in the area have Salamati-descent due to this crusade. The last crusade, the 3rd crusade took place in the late 1220s. The Anchor Empire tried to retake some land and besiege [[Hayyum]] in 1229. The siege failed due to bad organisation and the Ankurids replied with a big offensive all over the island, wiping the Anchor Empire from the map. | |||
The Ankur Caliphate was annexed by the Harithi Caliphate in 1296 CE. | |||
=== Salimid Caliphate === | |||
The Salimid Caliphate was established in ~1445 CE, with the first ruler being Ahmad I. The Caliphate was a marking point in the Salamati history, for creating and developing infrastructures like ports and cities, establishing trade routes and boosting the economy. The Salimid Caliphate had numerous capitals, including [[Dar Al Hamma]] (1445-1587/1802-1820), [[Ghafun]] (1587-1644), [[Asal]] (1644-1696), [[Douara]] (1696-1738) and [[Ankur]] (1738-1802). These cities benefitted from special treatment and better infrastructures than the other major cities that weren't capitals. | |||
The Salimid Caliphate counts a total of 19 caliphs from the foundation to the collapse of the Caliphate. The most famous is Khaliq II (1495-1567/Reign from 1540-1563), who boosted the Salimid economy by opening new trade routes and developing the cotton industry, and led a great war against some Christian insurgents in 1556, which he won. This war permitted him to gain more popularity from the people, but fearing fanatism, jealousy and abandonment of Islam for a special cult dedicated to him made him step down from the throne in April 1563. He died 4 years later. Another famous caliph was Tariq II (1549-1616/Reign from 1599-1615), particularly known for his massacres and deportations, the most famous being the eradication of the Khaliwi Tribe in June-September 1605, after resisting against the authorities who tried to exploit them to farm cotton. As a result, the tribe was erased in a little less than 3 months. He also ordered the eradication of 4 other tribes who also refused to farm cotton for a total of 180,000 dead people under his reign. Tariq II lost his post of Caliph in February 1615, was judged in June of the same year and condemned to the death penalty as a result of his exactions. He was executed on January 26th 1616. | |||
The Caliphate collapsed in 1785 CE, due to lack of trade routes, an aging infrastructure and bad life quality. The Caliphate was divided in 3 provinces after the dissolution. | |||
During the three-states period, three dynasties emerged, with the leaders being the leader of the biggest tribe of the region. The [[Hammadid Dynasty]] rose up in the region of [[Dar Al Hamma]], the Muradid Dynasty in [[Ghafun]] and the [[Jibrilid Dynasty]] on the Ankur Island. The Hammadids were appointed as leader of the Salamati Trade Dependency during the [[Riamo|Riamese colonization]], alongside with a Riamese governor. | |||
=== Riamese Colonization === | |||
The [[Riamo|Riamese]] first set foot on Salamati soil on March 4 1828 at [[Dar Al Hamma]]. A battle was engaged between the Dar Al Hamma Province and the Riamese on the 5th of March and resulted in a Riamese victory on May 20th. Most tribes were friendly with the Riamese, eventually forming an alliance and making them prevail over the rebel tribes. The rebels were led by [[Abd Al Fattah al Salimat]], known for the battle of [[Ghafun]] (June 27th 1830-August 1st 1830), the battle of Sidi Kherridj (January 8th 1831-February 12th 1831) and the battle of [[Mansujah]] (March 10th 1831-March 25th 1831). After more than 10 years of active resistance, Abd Al Fattah Al Salimat surrenders in 1843. The resistance still went on and fought 2 more years before being destroyed. The Riamese first established the trade dependency of Salamat and reorganized the territory in 1848 and also appointed leaders of some of the friendly tribes as governors of the province. The governors had to pay taxes to the Riamese Empire in exchange of trade and land protection. There were also some cultural mixing between the Riamese and the Salamati, forming a mixed ruling class for decision-making and creating a false sentiment of respect. | |||
The Riamese then started exploiting cotton resources in the mid-19th century, creating underpaid jobs for the locals. If the locals refused, the Riamese would slowly take their goods until they accept to farm. Due to the lack of workers, the Riamese sent [[Gassasinia|Gassasinians]] in Salamat to farm cotton. The first Gassasinians arrived in 1878 in [[Hani]], and the mixing between Gassasinians and Salamatis,the use of the same language and the practice of the same religion created a friendly rivalry between Gassasinians and Salamatis, and to this day, there are an estimated 110,000 Gassasinians in Salamat, mostly of Christian and Shia Muslim confession. | |||
The poor living conditions of the Salamati was a reason for some to emigrate to [[Riamo]] in order to live decently. This emigration started in 1914 and ended in the mid-1920s. The consequences of the emigration was the creation of a Salamati intellectual class, who later advocated for the independence of Salamat. An intellectual named Anwar Al Harrani created the Salamati Star party in 1931, an independentist party who will later be involved in many revolts of the people, most notably the Jurhan Revolt on May 9 1934, where an estimated 30 000 Salamatis protested on the street with Salamati independentist flags, this pissed off the Riamese authorities who opened fire on the protesters. Some furious protesters, in response to this massacre, killed Riamese civilians. A small group of Riamese civilians were with the military and killed innocent Salamatis. Historians estimate that at least 7 500 Salamatis, 425 Riamese (civilians) and 200 soldiers were killed during this revolt and believe it was one of the reasons for an [[Salamati Independence War|independence war]]. | |||
=== Independence War === | |||
{{Main|Salamati Independence War}} | |||
=== Al Kharrabi's regime === | |||
In the night from May 15 1977 to May 16 1977, a young marshal called [[Jalil Al Kharrabi]], along with his friends, made a Coup d'état against the president of Salamat at this time, [[Majid Khummam]], who was abroad. Jalil successfully seized power and at around 5:50 am on May 16 1977, he made a speech on the national radio, announcing that "the corrupt government was overthrown" and that "a new real socialist government, for the people, is in control". The people didn't know about the leader's name and his face until June 1st 1977, when he made his first public speech. | |||
However, he failed to govern the country, and all of his plans fell through in April 1981 after the assassination of [[Majid Muhammad]] in [[Gassasinia]], who criticized Jalil Al Kharrabi and his way of governing the country. This event led to a massive embargo on Salamat for more than 11 years. The country's currency, the [[Salamati Dinar]], suffered from inflation, the economy stagnated and regressed and youth unemployment was hitting new records, with over 60% in 1990. People revolted in November 1991 against youth unemployment and inflation, hurting the ego of the young marshal. He repressed the protests, which led to sanctions against Salamat and riots in multiple cities of Salamat. He also rose tensions between Salamat and the neighbor country of [[Khirmania]], leading to a 2-week war (see [[Salamati-Khirmanian war]] and [[Salamati-Khirmanian tensions]] for more info). | |||
[[Jalil Al Kharrabi]] was overthrown on February 3 1992 and was replaced by [[Mohammed Jandubi]]. | |||
=== Salamati Civil War=== | |||
{{Main|Salamati Civil War}} | |||
== Geography and Climate == | |||
=== Geographic features === | |||
Salamati geography is defined by a mountain chain in the northwestern part of the country, named the Khaliwi Mountain Chain, hills in the interior of the Hani peninsula in the south-east, a plateau spanning from the west to east of the country and some hills near [[Ghafun]], in the southwest. Three major rivers (called "oued") flow in Salamat ; the [[Oued Labkheir]], whose source is located in the Khaliwi mountains and flows in the western part of the country. It defines the border between the Ghafunya and Shawawiyah provinces and ends into the Anchor Lake. The [[Oued Harr]] forms near of the [[Oued Labkheir]] but flows into the northeastern part of the country and ends into the [[Harr Lake]]. Both are used for cotton farming and are drying up ; The Harr Lake's surface area in 1985 was of 3,200 km²; now it is only of 1,910 km². The third major river is the [[Oued Madani]]. It also takes its source from the Khaliwi Mountains, flows eastward along with the Oued Harr close to it, then turns southward and then westward to end in the Anchor Lake, between the cities of [[Al Muhni]] and [[Jadhab]]. It is also used for cotton farming but not as much as the Oued Harr. | |||
The highest point of Salamat is the Chengrouh, culminating at a height of 5739 meters above sea level in the Khaliwi Mountain Chain. The lowest point is the Harraj Depression at 18 meters under sea level. | |||
=== Climate === | |||
Globally, the climate is a tropical savanna climate, defined by the Koppen Climate Classification by Aw in the continental part of the country and on Ankur Island (dry winter climate). In the northwestern part of the country, in the Khaliwi moutain chain, the climate is a highland subhumid temperate climate (Koppen : Cwb), with dry and cool winters and milder and wetter summers. Some areas of the mountain chain even feature an alpine climate (Koppen : ETH). | |||
== Politics == | |||
Elected politicians have little sway over Salamat. Instead, a [[List of Salamati deciders|group of unelected civilian and military "deciders", known as "the power"]], actually rule the country, and reportedly deciding who should be president. In recent years, many of these generals have died, retired, or been imprisoned. Previous president [[Janub Mohamed Al Jumiyin|Jumiyin]] put loyalists in key posts, notably at Salamoil, and secured constitutional amendments that made him re-electable indefinitely, until he was brought down in 2019 during protests. | |||
The head of state is the President of Salamat, who is elected for a five-year term. The president was formerly limited to two five-year terms, but a constitutional amendment passed by the Parliament on 20 February 2007 removed this limitation, before being reinstated in 2019. The next presidential election was planned to be in October 2023, but widespread protests erupted in October 2018 against the president's fifth reelection, which resulted in President Jumiyin announcing his resignation in May 2019. [[Abd-El Rahman Jarruf]], an independent candidate, was elected as president after the election eventually took place on 18 May 2019. Protestors refused to recognise Jarruf as president, citing demands for comprehensive reform of the political system. Salamat has universal suffrage at 18 years of age. The President is the head of the army, the Council of Ministers and the High Security Council. He appoints the Prime Minister who is also the head of government. The president also appoints the wali, which presides one of the ten provinces of Salamat. | |||
Provinces (1st-level subdivisions) and communes (3rd-level subdivisions) each have an assembly, respectively named People's Provincial Assemblies (PPA) and People's Communal Assemblies (PCA). The PPAs are presided by the wali, and they vote 200 of the 250 members of the National Council. The PCAs are presided by the mayor of the commune. | |||
The Salamati parliament is bicameral; the lower house, the National Assembly of Salamat, has 460 members who are directly elected for five-year terms, while the upper house, the National Council, has 250 members serving six-year terms, of which 200 members are chosen by local assemblies and 50 are appointed by the president. According to the constitution, no political association may be formed if it is "based on differences in religion, language, race, gender, profession, or region". In addition, political campaigns must be exempt from the aforementioned subjects. | |||
=== Cabinet === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Ministry !! Minister | |||
|- | |||
| Prime Minister || '''[[Sanaa Ben Ziane]]''' | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Interior || Mohammed Al Zalzab | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Foreign Affairs || Karim Khawazih | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Landscapes || Sabrina Al Aqali | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of People's Safety || Rahman Jalil Abu Zayd | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Natural Ressources || Samir Majoush | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Agriculture, Mining and Fishing (Former Agriculture Bureau) || Safia Tarek | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of National Defence || '''[[Abd-El Rahman Jarruf]]''' | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Finances || Fateh Al Asmari | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports || Amina Al Hammadi | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Health || Abdallah Qulab | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Postal Services and Telecommunications || Adam Al Kasmi | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Women and National Solidarity || Fatima Qassem Al Hanadi | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Religious Affairs || Imam Nordine | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Sciences || Amira Al Hammadi | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Moudjahidines (war veterans) and Resistants || Slimane Triki | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Industry and Energy || Mourad Karim Al Wali | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Trade || Omar Al Salmi | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Cities and Urban Planning || Zoubir Gaci | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Transport || Yusuf Awzan | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Start-ups and Micro-enterprises || Basma Qadi | |||
|- | |||
| Secretary General of the government || Bassem Siddiq | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Public Works, Hydraulics and Basic Infrastructure || Dahmane Sadaqa | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Tourism || Ahlam Saadi | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Justice and Keeper of the Seals|| Fouad Madjid Abdallah | |||
|- | |||
| Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security || Yasser Jarrah | |||
|} | |||
=== National Assembly of Salamat === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!colspan="6"|National Assembly Political Distribution: | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align:center;padding:0px;width:100%" colspan="6"| | |||
{| style="text-align: center;background: transparent; border:none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" | |||
|style="width:50%;border-right:1px dashed #A2A9B1;"|[[File:Salamat National Assembly.png|500px|center|frameless]] | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align:center;border-right:1px dashed #A2A9B1;"|'''Partisan Distribution''' | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="2"|{{align|center|'''National Assembly Speaker allegiance:''' {{color circle|#FFC502| }} [[National Salvation Party]]}} | |||
|} | |||
|- | |||
! width=10px| Color | |||
! Name | |||
! Nick | |||
! Political Leaning | |||
! Number of Seats | |||
! Affiliation | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#800000|'''<span style="color: #FFFFFF">#800000</span> | |||
| '''[[Salamati Communist Party]] | |||
| SCP | |||
| Marxism-Leninism/Far-left | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|12|460|hex=#800000}} | |||
| bgcolor=#E70000 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Opposition</span> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#FF0000|'''<span style="color: #FFFFFF">#FF0000</span> | |||
| '''[[Al Nedjma Al Hamra]] | |||
| NAH | |||
| Left/Arab socialism | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|4|460|hex=#FF0000}} | |||
| bgcolor=#E70000 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Opposition</span> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#FF302B|'''<span style="color: #FFFFFF">#FF302B</span> | |||
| '''[[Socialist Front]] | |||
| SF | |||
| Left | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|7|460|hex=#FF302B}} | |||
| bgcolor=#FFE000 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Unaffiliated</span> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#FFE000|'''<span style="color: #FFFFFF">#FF8000</span> | |||
| '''[[Salamati Star Party]] | |||
| SSP | |||
| "Revolutionary" left | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|24|460|hex=#FF8000}} | |||
| bgcolor=#0EDF00 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Coalition</span> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#FFC502|'''<span style="color: #FFFFFF">#FFC502</span> | |||
| '''[[National Salvation Party]] | |||
| NSP | |||
| Left/Big tent | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|163|460|hex=#FFC502}} | |||
| bgcolor=#0EDF00 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Coalition</span> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#FFFF80|'''<span style="color: #FFFFFF">#FFFF80</span> | |||
| '''[[National Liberation Front]] | |||
| NLF | |||
| Progressive left | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|86|460|hex=#FFFF80}} | |||
| bgcolor=#0EDF00 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Coalition</span> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#0080C0|'''<span style="color: #FFFFFF">#0080C0</span> | |||
| '''[[Democratic Rally]] | |||
| DR | |||
| Center-left | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|25|460|hex=#0080C0}} | |||
| bgcolor=#FFE000 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Unaffiliated</span> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#00FFFF| '''<span style="color: black">#00FFFF</span> | |||
| '''[[Front For A Democratic and United Salamat]] | |||
| FDUS | |||
| Center-right | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|69|460|hex=#00FFFF}} | |||
| bgcolor=#FFE000 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Unaffiliated</span> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#400040| '''<span style="color: #FFFFFF">#400040</span> | |||
| '''[[Party for Democracy and Secularism]] | |||
| PDS | |||
| Secular conservative right | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|3|460|hex=#400040}} | |||
| bgcolor=#E70000 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Opposition</span> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#35EA00| '''<span style="color: white">#35EA00</span> | |||
| '''[[Arrashid Party]] | |||
| ARP | |||
| Islamist right | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|58|460|hex=#35EA00}} | |||
| bgcolor=#E70000 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Opposition</span> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#008000| '''<span style="color: white">#008000</span> | |||
| '''[[National Front for an Islamic State]] | |||
| NFIS | |||
| Islamist far-right | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|2|460|hex=#008000}} | |||
| bgcolor=#E70000 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Opposition</span> | |||
|- | |||
| bgcolor=#C0C0C0| '''<span style="color: white">#C0C0C0</span> | |||
| '''Independents | |||
| IND | |||
| Various | |||
|style="text-align:center"|{{Composition bar|7|460|hex=#C0C0C0}} | |||
| bgcolor=#C0C0C0 style="text-align: center;"|''' <span style="color: #FFFFFF">Depends</span> | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="6" style="text-align: center;"|'''Current House of Representatives Speaker:'''[[Farouk Zahiri]] | |||
|} | |||
=== List of elections === | |||
* [[1975 Salamati Presidential Elections]] | |||
* [[1981 Salamati Presidential Elections]] | |||
* [[1988 Salamati Presidential Elections]] | |||
* [[1993 Salamati Presidential Elections]] | |||
* [[1998 Salamati Presidential Elections]] | |||
* [[2003 Salamati Presidential Elections]] | |||
* [[2008 Salamati Presidential Elections]] | |||
* [[2013 Salamati Presidential Elections]] | |||
* [[2018 Salamati Presidential Elections]] | |||
* [[2019 Salamati Presidential Elections]] | |||
== Military == | |||
{{Main|Salamati Armed Forces}} | |||
== Economy == | |||
=== Exportations and importations === | |||
Salamat's exportations consist mostly of natural ressources, the largest one being oil exportations (51.5% of exports), followed by cotton (12.7%), salt (7.8%), natural gas (7.6%), iron (7.5%), ivory (4.9%), rare earth metals (4.8%), anthracite (2%) and other exportations like wood, wheat and magnesite (1.3%) and importations consist of fertilizers (48.2%), automobiles (30.9%), aircraft parts (12.3%), chemicals (5.1%), electronics (1.9%) and other importations like spare parts, military equipment, plastics etc... The net exports of Salamat are positive ; the country is in a trade surplus of 215 million ACU or 40,5 billion [[Salamati Dinar|dinars]]. | |||
=== Economy informations === | |||
The official currency of Salamat is the [[Salamati Dinar]], introduced in 1970. The economy is dominated by the state, a remnant of the old socialist-style development model.. In recent years, the Salamati government has halted the privatization of state-owned industries and imposed restrictions on imports and foreign involvement in its economy. These restrictions are just starting to be lifted off recently although questions about Salamat's slowly-diversifying economy remain. The GDP PPP of Salamat is of 381.924 billion ACU as of 2022 and the nominal GDP of Salamat is of 145.215 billion ACU. The nominal GDP per capita is of 5,111 ACU and the GDP PPP per capita is of 13,443 ACU. Unemployment rates are of 13.1%, the numbers being inflated by youth unemployment (25% in 2019) and women unemployment. | |||
[[File:SALAMATGDP.png|thumb|GDP of Salamat over time (1969-2023).]] | |||
=== Transportation systems === | |||
Salamat has a dense road network in the southern part of the country, with a total of 5 193 kilometers of highway across the country , principally in the coastal areas and the Ankur Island. The network should be completed by a bridge connecting the continent to Ankur Island, and the conversion from a 3x2 to a 4x4 way highway of the West-East highway, spanning from [[Khutfi]] in the extreme west part of the country to [[Al Mujarrif]] in the east. The rail network is estimated to have a length of 1 829 kilometers in standard gauge. 236 kilometers are suited for high-speed trains, in a small part running from [[Hani]], passing by [[Dar Al Hamma]] and ending in [[Douara]]. Projects like the Ghafun-Dar Al Hamma high speed corridor are studied. | |||
[[File:Salamat railroads.jpg|thumb|Railroads of Salamat. High-speed corridors in green.]] | |||
Two cities have metro systems ; [[Dar Al Hamma metro|Dar Al Hamma]] and [[Ghafun metro|Ghafun]]. The country also has [[List of Salamati airports|21 airports]] ; 4 of them are major international airports: | |||
* [[Dar Al Hamma-Shahid Airport]] | |||
* [[Ghafun-Lakhdar Airport]] | |||
* [[Douara-Khafid Airport]] | |||
* [[Hani-Massous Airport]] | |||
Salamat also has a bus network between numerous cities of the country, the drivers often work in agriculture to afford a bus and decide their itineraries and the fare of the travel. The average fare for bus travel between [[Dar Al Hamma]] and [[Jadhab]] (approximatively 50 kilometers) is of 1850 [[Salamati Dinar]] or approx. 9.80 ACU. | |||
== Demographics == | |||
As of 2022, the Salamati population is of 28.4 million, compared to 9.7 million inhabitants in 1969, the year of independence of Salamat. The population exploded in the late 70s, going from 10.2 million to 20.6 million in 20 years, only being slowed down by the [[1987-1991 Salamati famine]]. The population density is of 206 inhabitants per km², most inhabitants are grouped on the coastal areas. | |||
The median age of the population is of 27.4 years, 27.7 for women and 27.2 for men. The natural population growth rate is of 1.81% ; the natality rate is of 25.29‰ and the mortality rate is of 7.14‰. Child mortality rates are pretty low, located around 13‰. Life expectancy in Salamat is of 74 years in average, 72 years for men and 77 years for women. | |||
{{Largest cities | |||
| name = Largest cities of Salamat | |||
| country = Salamat | |||
| stat_ref = 2022 census | |||
| list_by_pop = | |||
| class = info | |||
| div_name = Province | |||
| div_link = | |||
| city_1 = Dar Al Hamma | |||
| div_1 = Dar Al Hamma Province | |||
| pop_1 = 5,720,324 | |||
|img_1 = Dar al hamma photo.jpg | |||
| city_2 = Ghafun | |||
| div_2 = Ghafunya | |||
| pop_2 = 3,115,833 | |||
|img_2 = Ghafun.jpg | |||
| city_3 = Hani | |||
| div_3 = Hani Peninsula | |||
| pop_3 = 1,916,398 | |||
|img_3 = Hani.jpg | |||
| city_4 = Douara | |||
| div_4 = Douarani | |||
| pop_4 = 1,693,762 | |||
|img_4 = Douara.jpg | |||
| city_5 = Zalzab | |||
| div_5 = Jabal Zalzabiya | |||
| pop_5 = 831,376 | |||
| city_6 = Asal | |||
| div_6 = South Ankur | |||
| pop_6 = 817,329 | |||
| city_7 = Ankur | |||
| div_7 = North Ankur | |||
| pop_7 = 772,010 | |||
| city_8 = Shawaya | |||
| div_8 = Shawayiyah | |||
| pop_8 = 735,768 | |||
| city_9 = Mansujah | |||
| div_9 = Gold Coast | |||
| pop_9 = 689,424 | |||
| city_10 = Ramzuz | |||
| div_10 = Ramzuzi | |||
| pop_10 = 650,107 | |||
| city_11 = Hayyum | |||
| div_11 = North Ankur | |||
| pop_11 = 591,999 | |||
| city_12 = Ghusat | |||
| div_12 = Ghafunya | |||
| pop_12 = 503,102 | |||
| city_13 = Al Khuliq | |||
| div_13 = South Ankur | |||
| pop_13 = 420,769 | |||
| city_14 = Al Mujarrif | |||
| div_14 = Gold Coast | |||
| pop_14 = 348,832 | |||
| city_15 = Sidi Ghalmat | |||
| div_15 = Shawayiyah | |||
| pop_15 = 319,693 | |||
| city_16 = Tenchehli | |||
| div_16 = Jabal Zalzabiya | |||
| pop_16 = 288,910 | |||
| city_17 = Dar Al Janub | |||
| div_17 = Douarani | |||
| pop_17 = 264,722 | |||
| city_18 = Jadhab | |||
| div_18 = Dar Al Hamma Province | |||
| pop_18 = 219,128 | |||
| city_19 = Al Muhni | |||
| div_19 = Ramzuzi | |||
| pop_19 = 180,392 | |||
| city_20 = Douar Charif | |||
| div_20 = Hani Peninsula | |||
| pop_20 = 175,598 | |||
}} | |||
{{Historical populations | |||
|type = scsc | |||
|percentages = pagr | |||
|footnote = Source: Salamati Bureau of Statistics | |||
|1820 | 3931200 | |||
|1880 | 6083900 | |||
|1912 | 8813410 | |||
|1939 | 9101032 | |||
|1964 | 9627848 | |||
|1969 | 9635742 | |||
|1974 | 9813203 | |||
|1979 | 10234184 | |||
|1984 | 14027122 | |||
|1989 | 16327885 | |||
|1994 | 19014004 | |||
|1999 | 20632937 | |||
|2002 | 21408249 | |||
|2007 | 23245243 | |||
|2010 | 24806196 | |||
|2014 | 25992442 | |||
|2018 | 27201664 | |||
|2022 | 28439211 | |||
}} | |||
== Culture == | |||
[[Category:Salamat]] | |||
[[Category:Countries in Anteria]] | |||
{{Template:Anteria info pages}} | |||
Latest revision as of 21:15, 29 September 2023
People's Democratic Republic of Salamat جمهورية السلامات الديمقراطية الشعبية (Arabic) | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
| Motto: "إرادة الشعب ، إرادة الأمة" "The People's will, The Nation's will" | |
| Anthem: "والله زمان يا سلاحي" I swear to God it's time, my weapon  | |
 Location of Salamat in Anteria. | |
 Major cities of Salamat. | |
| Capital and | Dar Al Hamma |
| Official languages | Arabic |
| Ethnic groups (2018) | Arabic 85% Berber 11% Hebrew 2% Other 2% |
| Religion (2016) | Sunni Islam 97% (official) Judaism 2% Other 1% |
| Demonym(s) | Salamati |
| Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
• President | Abd-El Rahman Jarruf |
• Prime Minister | Sanaa Ben Ziane |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| National Council | |
| National Assembly of Salamat | |
| Establishment | |
• Conquest of the area by Islamic Armies | 640 CE |
• Creation of the Salimid Caliphate | 1450 CE |
• Fall of the Salimid Caliphate | 1785 CE |
• Colonization by Riamo | March 4 1828 |
• Start of the Salamati Independence War | October 9 1964 |
• End of the Salamati Independence War | September 3 1969 |
• Coup d'Etat of Jalil Al Kharrabi | May 16 1977 |
• Start of the Salamati Civil War | April 10 1993 |
• End of the Salamati Civil War | January 29 1999 |
| Area | |
• | 137,905 km2 (53,245 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 0.4% |
| Population | |
• 2022 census | 28,439,211 |
• Density | 206.2/km2 (534.1/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $381,924 billion |
• Per capita | $13,443 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $145,215 billion |
• Per capita | $5,111 |
| Gini (2010) |  28.2low |
| HDI (2023) |  0.749high |
| Currency | Salamati Dinar (SLD) |
| Time zone | UTC-1 (SLT) |
| Antipodes | North of Lesser Velutaria |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +395 |
| ISO 3166 code | SLM |
| Internet TLD | .sl |
Salamat is a country located in North Thrismari, on the planet Anteria. It is bordered by the Anchor Lake to the south, Ouardania to the north, Khirmania to the east and Yryel to the west. It also has a maritime border with Ghashir.
History
Islamic Conquest and Early History
The area where Salamat is now established was pretty quiet and there were only some nomad berber tribes living there. The Muslims arrived in 640 CE, and started converting the local berber tribes to Islam, with little resistance from the tribes against conversion. The Anchor Island was uninhabited at that time and was conquered in 656 CE. Over time, it was starting to get inhabited by the Arabs and they eventually created the Ankur Caliphate in 744 CE, which was a vassal state of the much bigger Harithi Caliphate. The Caliphate's capital was Hayyum, on the west coast of the Anchor Island and it was home to many Arab astronomers of the 9th, 10th and 11th century.
The Ankur Caliphate was engaged in crusades against The Kakish Kingdoms in the 1210s and 1220s. in the 1st crusade , The Kysxka troops arrived on the Ankur Island in September 1218 and established the Anchur Empire which lasted for 5 years. The empire attempted to build cities, which are now popular touristic spots, in the occupied areas which were the Ankur Island and the Hani Peninsula. After those 5 years, the Ankur Caliphate along with foreign help manage to regain the Hani Peninsula and the northern part of Ankur Island. During the 2nd crusade, The Ankurids arrived on the Sugok Peninsula, occupied by the Stivir Kingdom, and now in the actual Northern Kakland and established the Kakla Caliphate in 1225. A minority of the native population converted to Islam and the Kakla Caliphate reigned until August 1228, when troops of the Kakish Kingdoms regained the area. Some Kakish persons in the area have Salamati-descent due to this crusade. The last crusade, the 3rd crusade took place in the late 1220s. The Anchor Empire tried to retake some land and besiege Hayyum in 1229. The siege failed due to bad organisation and the Ankurids replied with a big offensive all over the island, wiping the Anchor Empire from the map.
The Ankur Caliphate was annexed by the Harithi Caliphate in 1296 CE.
Salimid Caliphate
The Salimid Caliphate was established in ~1445 CE, with the first ruler being Ahmad I. The Caliphate was a marking point in the Salamati history, for creating and developing infrastructures like ports and cities, establishing trade routes and boosting the economy. The Salimid Caliphate had numerous capitals, including Dar Al Hamma (1445-1587/1802-1820), Ghafun (1587-1644), Asal (1644-1696), Douara (1696-1738) and Ankur (1738-1802). These cities benefitted from special treatment and better infrastructures than the other major cities that weren't capitals.
The Salimid Caliphate counts a total of 19 caliphs from the foundation to the collapse of the Caliphate. The most famous is Khaliq II (1495-1567/Reign from 1540-1563), who boosted the Salimid economy by opening new trade routes and developing the cotton industry, and led a great war against some Christian insurgents in 1556, which he won. This war permitted him to gain more popularity from the people, but fearing fanatism, jealousy and abandonment of Islam for a special cult dedicated to him made him step down from the throne in April 1563. He died 4 years later. Another famous caliph was Tariq II (1549-1616/Reign from 1599-1615), particularly known for his massacres and deportations, the most famous being the eradication of the Khaliwi Tribe in June-September 1605, after resisting against the authorities who tried to exploit them to farm cotton. As a result, the tribe was erased in a little less than 3 months. He also ordered the eradication of 4 other tribes who also refused to farm cotton for a total of 180,000 dead people under his reign. Tariq II lost his post of Caliph in February 1615, was judged in June of the same year and condemned to the death penalty as a result of his exactions. He was executed on January 26th 1616.
The Caliphate collapsed in 1785 CE, due to lack of trade routes, an aging infrastructure and bad life quality. The Caliphate was divided in 3 provinces after the dissolution. During the three-states period, three dynasties emerged, with the leaders being the leader of the biggest tribe of the region. The Hammadid Dynasty rose up in the region of Dar Al Hamma, the Muradid Dynasty in Ghafun and the Jibrilid Dynasty on the Ankur Island. The Hammadids were appointed as leader of the Salamati Trade Dependency during the Riamese colonization, alongside with a Riamese governor.
Riamese Colonization
The Riamese first set foot on Salamati soil on March 4 1828 at Dar Al Hamma. A battle was engaged between the Dar Al Hamma Province and the Riamese on the 5th of March and resulted in a Riamese victory on May 20th. Most tribes were friendly with the Riamese, eventually forming an alliance and making them prevail over the rebel tribes. The rebels were led by Abd Al Fattah al Salimat, known for the battle of Ghafun (June 27th 1830-August 1st 1830), the battle of Sidi Kherridj (January 8th 1831-February 12th 1831) and the battle of Mansujah (March 10th 1831-March 25th 1831). After more than 10 years of active resistance, Abd Al Fattah Al Salimat surrenders in 1843. The resistance still went on and fought 2 more years before being destroyed. The Riamese first established the trade dependency of Salamat and reorganized the territory in 1848 and also appointed leaders of some of the friendly tribes as governors of the province. The governors had to pay taxes to the Riamese Empire in exchange of trade and land protection. There were also some cultural mixing between the Riamese and the Salamati, forming a mixed ruling class for decision-making and creating a false sentiment of respect.
The Riamese then started exploiting cotton resources in the mid-19th century, creating underpaid jobs for the locals. If the locals refused, the Riamese would slowly take their goods until they accept to farm. Due to the lack of workers, the Riamese sent Gassasinians in Salamat to farm cotton. The first Gassasinians arrived in 1878 in Hani, and the mixing between Gassasinians and Salamatis,the use of the same language and the practice of the same religion created a friendly rivalry between Gassasinians and Salamatis, and to this day, there are an estimated 110,000 Gassasinians in Salamat, mostly of Christian and Shia Muslim confession.
The poor living conditions of the Salamati was a reason for some to emigrate to Riamo in order to live decently. This emigration started in 1914 and ended in the mid-1920s. The consequences of the emigration was the creation of a Salamati intellectual class, who later advocated for the independence of Salamat. An intellectual named Anwar Al Harrani created the Salamati Star party in 1931, an independentist party who will later be involved in many revolts of the people, most notably the Jurhan Revolt on May 9 1934, where an estimated 30 000 Salamatis protested on the street with Salamati independentist flags, this pissed off the Riamese authorities who opened fire on the protesters. Some furious protesters, in response to this massacre, killed Riamese civilians. A small group of Riamese civilians were with the military and killed innocent Salamatis. Historians estimate that at least 7 500 Salamatis, 425 Riamese (civilians) and 200 soldiers were killed during this revolt and believe it was one of the reasons for an independence war.
Independence War
Al Kharrabi's regime
In the night from May 15 1977 to May 16 1977, a young marshal called Jalil Al Kharrabi, along with his friends, made a Coup d'état against the president of Salamat at this time, Majid Khummam, who was abroad. Jalil successfully seized power and at around 5:50 am on May 16 1977, he made a speech on the national radio, announcing that "the corrupt government was overthrown" and that "a new real socialist government, for the people, is in control". The people didn't know about the leader's name and his face until June 1st 1977, when he made his first public speech.
However, he failed to govern the country, and all of his plans fell through in April 1981 after the assassination of Majid Muhammad in Gassasinia, who criticized Jalil Al Kharrabi and his way of governing the country. This event led to a massive embargo on Salamat for more than 11 years. The country's currency, the Salamati Dinar, suffered from inflation, the economy stagnated and regressed and youth unemployment was hitting new records, with over 60% in 1990. People revolted in November 1991 against youth unemployment and inflation, hurting the ego of the young marshal. He repressed the protests, which led to sanctions against Salamat and riots in multiple cities of Salamat. He also rose tensions between Salamat and the neighbor country of Khirmania, leading to a 2-week war (see Salamati-Khirmanian war and Salamati-Khirmanian tensions for more info).
Jalil Al Kharrabi was overthrown on February 3 1992 and was replaced by Mohammed Jandubi.
Salamati Civil War
Geography and Climate
Geographic features
Salamati geography is defined by a mountain chain in the northwestern part of the country, named the Khaliwi Mountain Chain, hills in the interior of the Hani peninsula in the south-east, a plateau spanning from the west to east of the country and some hills near Ghafun, in the southwest. Three major rivers (called "oued") flow in Salamat ; the Oued Labkheir, whose source is located in the Khaliwi mountains and flows in the western part of the country. It defines the border between the Ghafunya and Shawawiyah provinces and ends into the Anchor Lake. The Oued Harr forms near of the Oued Labkheir but flows into the northeastern part of the country and ends into the Harr Lake. Both are used for cotton farming and are drying up ; The Harr Lake's surface area in 1985 was of 3,200 km²; now it is only of 1,910 km². The third major river is the Oued Madani. It also takes its source from the Khaliwi Mountains, flows eastward along with the Oued Harr close to it, then turns southward and then westward to end in the Anchor Lake, between the cities of Al Muhni and Jadhab. It is also used for cotton farming but not as much as the Oued Harr.
The highest point of Salamat is the Chengrouh, culminating at a height of 5739 meters above sea level in the Khaliwi Mountain Chain. The lowest point is the Harraj Depression at 18 meters under sea level.
Climate
Globally, the climate is a tropical savanna climate, defined by the Koppen Climate Classification by Aw in the continental part of the country and on Ankur Island (dry winter climate). In the northwestern part of the country, in the Khaliwi moutain chain, the climate is a highland subhumid temperate climate (Koppen : Cwb), with dry and cool winters and milder and wetter summers. Some areas of the mountain chain even feature an alpine climate (Koppen : ETH).
Politics
Elected politicians have little sway over Salamat. Instead, a group of unelected civilian and military "deciders", known as "the power", actually rule the country, and reportedly deciding who should be president. In recent years, many of these generals have died, retired, or been imprisoned. Previous president Jumiyin put loyalists in key posts, notably at Salamoil, and secured constitutional amendments that made him re-electable indefinitely, until he was brought down in 2019 during protests.
The head of state is the President of Salamat, who is elected for a five-year term. The president was formerly limited to two five-year terms, but a constitutional amendment passed by the Parliament on 20 February 2007 removed this limitation, before being reinstated in 2019. The next presidential election was planned to be in October 2023, but widespread protests erupted in October 2018 against the president's fifth reelection, which resulted in President Jumiyin announcing his resignation in May 2019. Abd-El Rahman Jarruf, an independent candidate, was elected as president after the election eventually took place on 18 May 2019. Protestors refused to recognise Jarruf as president, citing demands for comprehensive reform of the political system. Salamat has universal suffrage at 18 years of age. The President is the head of the army, the Council of Ministers and the High Security Council. He appoints the Prime Minister who is also the head of government. The president also appoints the wali, which presides one of the ten provinces of Salamat.
Provinces (1st-level subdivisions) and communes (3rd-level subdivisions) each have an assembly, respectively named People's Provincial Assemblies (PPA) and People's Communal Assemblies (PCA). The PPAs are presided by the wali, and they vote 200 of the 250 members of the National Council. The PCAs are presided by the mayor of the commune.
The Salamati parliament is bicameral; the lower house, the National Assembly of Salamat, has 460 members who are directly elected for five-year terms, while the upper house, the National Council, has 250 members serving six-year terms, of which 200 members are chosen by local assemblies and 50 are appointed by the president. According to the constitution, no political association may be formed if it is "based on differences in religion, language, race, gender, profession, or region". In addition, political campaigns must be exempt from the aforementioned subjects.
Cabinet
| Ministry | Minister |
|---|---|
| Prime Minister | Sanaa Ben Ziane |
| Ministry of Interior | Mohammed Al Zalzab |
| Ministry of Foreign Affairs | Karim Khawazih |
| Ministry of Landscapes | Sabrina Al Aqali |
| Ministry of People's Safety | Rahman Jalil Abu Zayd |
| Ministry of Natural Ressources | Samir Majoush |
| Ministry of Agriculture, Mining and Fishing (Former Agriculture Bureau) | Safia Tarek |
| Ministry of National Defence | Abd-El Rahman Jarruf |
| Ministry of Finances | Fateh Al Asmari |
| Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports | Amina Al Hammadi |
| Ministry of Health | Abdallah Qulab |
| Ministry of Postal Services and Telecommunications | Adam Al Kasmi |
| Ministry of Women and National Solidarity | Fatima Qassem Al Hanadi |
| Ministry of Religious Affairs | Imam Nordine |
| Ministry of Sciences | Amira Al Hammadi |
| Ministry of Moudjahidines (war veterans) and Resistants | Slimane Triki |
| Ministry of Industry and Energy | Mourad Karim Al Wali |
| Ministry of Trade | Omar Al Salmi |
| Ministry of Cities and Urban Planning | Zoubir Gaci |
| Ministry of Transport | Yusuf Awzan |
| Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Start-ups and Micro-enterprises | Basma Qadi |
| Secretary General of the government | Bassem Siddiq |
| Ministry of Public Works, Hydraulics and Basic Infrastructure | Dahmane Sadaqa |
| Ministry of Tourism | Ahlam Saadi |
| Ministry of Justice and Keeper of the Seals | Fouad Madjid Abdallah |
| Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security | Yasser Jarrah |
National Assembly of Salamat
| National Assembly Political Distribution: | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
| Color | Name | Nick | Political Leaning | Number of Seats | Affiliation | ||||
| #800000 | Salamati Communist Party | SCP | Marxism-Leninism/Far-left | 12 / 460
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Opposition | ||||
| #FF0000 | Al Nedjma Al Hamra | NAH | Left/Arab socialism | 4 / 460
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Opposition | ||||
| #FF302B | Socialist Front | SF | Left | 7 / 460
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Unaffiliated | ||||
| #FF8000 | Salamati Star Party | SSP | "Revolutionary" left | 24 / 460
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Coalition | ||||
| #FFC502 | National Salvation Party | NSP | Left/Big tent | 163 / 460
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Coalition | ||||
| #FFFF80 | National Liberation Front | NLF | Progressive left | 86 / 460
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Coalition | ||||
| #0080C0 | Democratic Rally | DR | Center-left | 25 / 460
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Unaffiliated | ||||
| #00FFFF | Front For A Democratic and United Salamat | FDUS | Center-right | 69 / 460
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Unaffiliated | ||||
| #400040 | Party for Democracy and Secularism | PDS | Secular conservative right | 3 / 460
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Opposition | ||||
| #35EA00 | Arrashid Party | ARP | Islamist right | 58 / 460
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Opposition | ||||
| #008000 | National Front for an Islamic State | NFIS | Islamist far-right | 2 / 460
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Opposition | ||||
| #C0C0C0 | Independents | IND | Various | 7 / 460
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Depends | ||||
| Current House of Representatives Speaker:Farouk Zahiri | |||||||||
List of elections
- 1975 Salamati Presidential Elections
- 1981 Salamati Presidential Elections
- 1988 Salamati Presidential Elections
- 1993 Salamati Presidential Elections
- 1998 Salamati Presidential Elections
- 2003 Salamati Presidential Elections
- 2008 Salamati Presidential Elections
- 2013 Salamati Presidential Elections
- 2018 Salamati Presidential Elections
- 2019 Salamati Presidential Elections
Military
Economy
Exportations and importations
Salamat's exportations consist mostly of natural ressources, the largest one being oil exportations (51.5% of exports), followed by cotton (12.7%), salt (7.8%), natural gas (7.6%), iron (7.5%), ivory (4.9%), rare earth metals (4.8%), anthracite (2%) and other exportations like wood, wheat and magnesite (1.3%) and importations consist of fertilizers (48.2%), automobiles (30.9%), aircraft parts (12.3%), chemicals (5.1%), electronics (1.9%) and other importations like spare parts, military equipment, plastics etc... The net exports of Salamat are positive ; the country is in a trade surplus of 215 million ACU or 40,5 billion dinars.
Economy informations
The official currency of Salamat is the Salamati Dinar, introduced in 1970. The economy is dominated by the state, a remnant of the old socialist-style development model.. In recent years, the Salamati government has halted the privatization of state-owned industries and imposed restrictions on imports and foreign involvement in its economy. These restrictions are just starting to be lifted off recently although questions about Salamat's slowly-diversifying economy remain. The GDP PPP of Salamat is of 381.924 billion ACU as of 2022 and the nominal GDP of Salamat is of 145.215 billion ACU. The nominal GDP per capita is of 5,111 ACU and the GDP PPP per capita is of 13,443 ACU. Unemployment rates are of 13.1%, the numbers being inflated by youth unemployment (25% in 2019) and women unemployment.
Transportation systems
Salamat has a dense road network in the southern part of the country, with a total of 5 193 kilometers of highway across the country , principally in the coastal areas and the Ankur Island. The network should be completed by a bridge connecting the continent to Ankur Island, and the conversion from a 3x2 to a 4x4 way highway of the West-East highway, spanning from Khutfi in the extreme west part of the country to Al Mujarrif in the east. The rail network is estimated to have a length of 1 829 kilometers in standard gauge. 236 kilometers are suited for high-speed trains, in a small part running from Hani, passing by Dar Al Hamma and ending in Douara. Projects like the Ghafun-Dar Al Hamma high speed corridor are studied.
Two cities have metro systems ; Dar Al Hamma and Ghafun. The country also has 21 airports ; 4 of them are major international airports:
Salamat also has a bus network between numerous cities of the country, the drivers often work in agriculture to afford a bus and decide their itineraries and the fare of the travel. The average fare for bus travel between Dar Al Hamma and Jadhab (approximatively 50 kilometers) is of 1850 Salamati Dinar or approx. 9.80 ACU.
Demographics
As of 2022, the Salamati population is of 28.4 million, compared to 9.7 million inhabitants in 1969, the year of independence of Salamat. The population exploded in the late 70s, going from 10.2 million to 20.6 million in 20 years, only being slowed down by the 1987-1991 Salamati famine. The population density is of 206 inhabitants per km², most inhabitants are grouped on the coastal areas.
The median age of the population is of 27.4 years, 27.7 for women and 27.2 for men. The natural population growth rate is of 1.81% ; the natality rate is of 25.29‰ and the mortality rate is of 7.14‰. Child mortality rates are pretty low, located around 13‰. Life expectancy in Salamat is of 74 years in average, 72 years for men and 77 years for women.
Largest cities or towns in Salamat
2022 census | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | Province | Pop. | Rank | Province | Pop. | ||||
 Dar Al Hamma  Ghafun |
1 | Dar Al Hamma | Dar Al Hamma Province | 5,720,324 | 11 | Hayyum | North Ankur | 591,999 |  Hani  Douara |
| 2 | Ghafun | Ghafunya | 3,115,833 | 12 | Ghusat | Ghafunya | 503,102 | ||
| 3 | Hani | Hani Peninsula | 1,916,398 | 13 | Al Khuliq | South Ankur | 420,769 | ||
| 4 | Douara | Douarani | 1,693,762 | 14 | Al Mujarrif | Gold Coast | 348,832 | ||
| 5 | Zalzab | Jabal Zalzabiya | 831,376 | 15 | Sidi Ghalmat | Shawayiyah | 319,693 | ||
| 6 | Asal | South Ankur | 817,329 | 16 | Tenchehli | Jabal Zalzabiya | 288,910 | ||
| 7 | Ankur | North Ankur | 772,010 | 17 | Dar Al Janub | Douarani | 264,722 | ||
| 8 | Shawaya | Shawayiyah | 735,768 | 18 | Jadhab | Dar Al Hamma Province | 219,128 | ||
| 9 | Mansujah | Gold Coast | 689,424 | 19 | Al Muhni | Ramzuzi | 180,392 | ||
| 10 | Ramzuz | Ramzuzi | 650,107 | 20 | Douar Charif | Hani Peninsula | 175,598 | ||
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1820 | 3,931,200 | — |
| 1880 | 6,083,900 | +0.73% |
| 1912 | 8,813,410 | +1.16% |
| 1939 | 9,101,032 | +0.12% |
| 1964 | 9,627,848 | +0.23% |
| 1969 | 9,635,742 | +0.02% |
| 1974 | 9,813,203 | +0.37% |
| 1979 | 10,234,184 | +0.84% |
| 1984 | 14,027,122 | +6.51% |
| 1989 | 16,327,885 | +3.08% |
| 1994 | 19,014,004 | +3.09% |
| 1999 | 20,632,937 | +1.65% |
| 2002 | 21,408,249 | +1.24% |
| 2007 | 23,245,243 | +1.66% |
| 2010 | 24,806,196 | +2.19% |
| 2014 | 25,992,442 | +1.17% |
| 2018 | 27,201,664 | +1.14% |
| 2022 | 28,439,211 | +1.12% |
| Source: Salamati Bureau of Statistics | ||
Culture
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