|
|
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| | style="width:4em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | '''Ʒ ʒ'''<br>/ʒ ~ ʑ/ | | | style="width:4em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | '''Ʒ ʒ'''<br>/ʒ ~ ʑ/ |
| |- | | |- |
| |}
| |
| ===Study version===
| |
| [[File:ZhouLangHG.png|350px|thumb|{{align|center|Usage of G/H in Ꚕ}}]][[File:ZhouLangIJ.png|350px|thumb|{{align|center|Usage of Î a Ĵ}}]][[File:ZhouLangOE.png|350px|thumb|{{align|center|Usage of O/E in Œ}}]][[File:ZhouLangVW.png|350px|thumb|{{align|center|Usage of V/W in Ʋ}}]][[File:ZhouLangLenght.png|350px|thumb|{{align|center|Usage of long vowels}}]]
| |
| Because of the wideness of the language and a set of different dialects, a special characters have been created for foreign people to learn the Zhoushi language. Those characters will be used in the inflection tables in this article, although in Zhoushi, they are replaced by their respective characters
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-datatable" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !colspan="2"|Symbol
| |
| !colspan="4"|Standart
| |
| ![[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet chart|IPA]]
| |
| !Placement
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ā
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ā
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|A
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|a
| |
| |aː
| |
| |''[[wikipedia:Macron (diacritic)|Macron]] is added in [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections for [[wikipedia:Suffix|suffix]] vowels
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ą
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ą
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|A
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|a
| |
| |a ~ ə
| |
| |''[[wikipedia:Ogonek|Ogonek]] is added in [[Zhoushi language#Verbs|verbs]] for sounds reducted into [[wikipedia:Mid central vowel|Mid central vowel (/ə/)]]
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ē
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ē
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|E
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|e
| |
| |ɛː
| |
| |''[[wikipedia:Macron (diacritic)|Macron]] is added in [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections for [[wikipedia:Suffix|suffix]] vowels
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ę
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ę
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|E
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|e
| |
| |ɛ ~ ə
| |
| |''[[wikipedia:Ogonek|Ogonek]] is added in [[Zhoushi language#Verbs|verbs]] for sounds reducted into [[wikipedia:Mid central vowel|Mid central vowel (/ə/)]]
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ê
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ê
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|E
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|e
| |
| |colspan="2"|—
| |
| |ɛ ~ ◌
| |
| |''Used for [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections, where j can, but doesn't need to, be included
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Є̄
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|є̄
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Є
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|є
| |
| |eː
| |
| |''[[wikipedia:Macron (diacritic)|Macron]] is added in [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections for [[wikipedia:Suffix|suffix]] vowels
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ꚕ
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ꚕ
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|G
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|g
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|H
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|h
| |
| |g ~ ɦ ~ h
| |
| |''Used in [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections, as both g and h are grammatically correct
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ī
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ī
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|I
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|i
| |
| |iː ~ ɪː
| |
| |''[[wikipedia:Macron (diacritic)|Macron]] is added in [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections for [[wikipedia:Suffix|suffix]] vowels
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Î
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|î
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|I
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|i
| |
| |colspan="2"|—
| |
| |i ~ ɪ ~ ◌
| |
| |''Used for [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections, where i can, but doesn't need to, be included
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ĵ
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ĵ
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|J
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|j
| |
| |colspan="2"|—
| |
| |j ~ ◌
| |
| |''Used for [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections, where j can, but doesn't need to, be included
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ō
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ō
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|O
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|o
| |
| |oː ~ ɔː
| |
| |''[[wikipedia:Macron (diacritic)|Macron]] is added in [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections for [[wikipedia:Suffix|suffix]] vowels
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ө̄
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ө̄
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Ө
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|ө
| |
| |u͡oː
| |
| |''[[wikipedia:Macron (diacritic)|Macron]] is added in [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections for [[wikipedia:Suffix|suffix]] vowels
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Œ
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|œ
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|E
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|e
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|O
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|o
| |
| |o ~ ɔ ~ ɛ
| |
| |''Used in [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections, as both e and o are grammatically correct
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ꝥ
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ꝥ
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Þ
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|þ
| |
| |ð
| |
| |''Used as a modified version of [[wikipedia:Thorn (letter)|Thorn (Þ)]] to denote only [[wikipedia:Voiced dental fricative|Voiced]] version of the sound
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ū
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ū
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|U
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|u
| |
| |uː
| |
| |''[[wikipedia:Macron (diacritic)|Macron]] is added in [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections for [[wikipedia:Suffix|suffix]] vowels
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ų
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ų
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|U
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|u
| |
| |u ~ ə
| |
| |''[[wikipedia:Ogonek|Ogonek]] is added in [[Zhoushi language#Verbs|verbs]] for sounds reducted into [[wikipedia:Mid central vowel|Mid central vowel (/ə/)]]
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Û
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|û
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|U
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|u
| |
| |colspan="2"|—
| |
| |u ~ ◌
| |
| |''Used for [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections, where j can, but doesn't need to, be included
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ʋ
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ʋ
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|V
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|v
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ƿ
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ƿ
| |
| |v ~ w ~ ʋ
| |
| |''Used in [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections, as both v and ƿ are grammatically correct
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ȳ
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ȳ
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Y
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;" colspan="2"|y
| |
| |ɨː
| |
| |''[[wikipedia:Macron (diacritic)|Macron]] is added in [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections for [[wikipedia:Suffix|suffix]] vowels
| |
| |-
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Ŷ
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|ŷ
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|Y
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|y
| |
| |colspan="2"|—
| |
| |ɨ ~ ◌
| |
| |''Used for [[Zhoushi language#Nouns|noun]] & [[Zhoushi language#Adjectives|adjective]] inflections, where j can, but doesn't need to, be included
| |
| <!--|-
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |''-->
| |
| |} | | |} |
| ==Phonology== | | ==Phonology== |
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| '''<big>Bold</big>''' ''are the common sounds, while'' <big>regular</big> ''sounds may happen in dialects and/or in a world for easier pronunciation | | '''<big>Bold</big>''' ''are the common sounds, while'' <big>regular</big> ''sounds may happen in dialects and/or in a world for easier pronunciation |
| =Grammar= | | =Grammar= |
| ==Nouns==
| | {{Main|Zhoushi grammar}} |
| ===Grammatical gender===
| |
| Zhoushi languages distinguishes a total of 3 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_gender grammatical genders], one being latter subdivided into animate and inanimate forms<ref>See Wikipedia articles about [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_gender Grammatical gender] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animacy Animacy]</ref> and one non-gender labeled as "Indifferent",<ref>Technically, "Indifferent is not a gender, but many linguists mark it as a gender to simplify the grammar, as it is a gender in many ways. In many new linguistic texts, you can see a note, that Zhoushi has 4+1 genders.</ref> which has the simplest inflection rules:
| |
| * Masculine (''Muʒsky'')
| |
| ** Masculine animate (''Muʒsky Ʒiƿny'') {{Hover title|Single letter code used in dictionaries|(symbol ♂, letter M)}}
| |
| ** Masculine inanimate (''Muʒsky Ƞeʒiƿny'') {{Hover title|Single letter code used in dictionaries|(symbol ⚦, letter D)}}
| |
| * Feminine (''Ʒonsky'') {{Hover title|Single letter code used in dictionaries|(symbol ♀, letter F)}}
| |
| * Neuter (''Srєdsky'') {{Hover title|Single letter code used in dictionaries|(symbol ⚲, letter N)}}
| |
| * Indifferent (''Ƞemistny'') {{Hover title|Single letter code used in dictionaries|(symbol ⚥, letter I)}} ''(used is some foreign words, such as "Zombie" or with a religious terms. Name "Preah"<ref>Preah is a main God of [[Kammism]]. See a subsection of article about [[Zhousheng]] about [https://iiwiki.us/wiki/Zhousheng#Religion religions of Zhousheng]</ref> (In Zhoushi "Priєȝ") is for example inflected as indifferent. As intedefferent are also declined terms for countries and regions ending as -ijє)''
| |
| ===Grammatical cases===
| |
| Zhoushi langauge works with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_number 2 grammatical numbers] (singular (''Odnetƞik'') and plural (''Mnoʒƞik''), some [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual_(grammatical_number) dual forms] are still present for some words) 8 separate [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_case grammatical cases]:
| |
| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative_case Nominative] (''Miƞik''): ''Subject'' or a Predicate noun or adjectiv (Shorcut Nom., № {{Hover title|Grammatical cases are numbered in Zhoushi|1}})
| |
| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_case Genitive] (''Rodƞik''): Possessive or partial direct object, without ''Subject'' (Shorcut Gen., № {{Hover title|Grammatical cases are numbered in Zhoushi|2}})
| |
| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_case Dative] (''Darƞik''): Giving to ''Subject'', phrases linked to certain verbs (Shorcut Dat., № {{Hover title|Grammatical cases are numbered in Zhoushi|3}})
| |
| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accusative_case Accusative] (''Viƞik''): Interract with ''Subject'' (see, hear, harass...) (Shorcut Acc., № {{Hover title|Grammatical cases are numbered in Zhoushi|4}})
| |
| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locative_case Locative] (''Mistƞik''): In ''Subject'', on ''Subject'', past ''Subject'', nearby ''Subject'', about ''Subject'' (Shorcut Loc., № {{Hover title|Grammatical cases are numbered in Zhoushi|5}})
| |
| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_case Instrumentative] (''Tvorƞik''): Using ''Subject'', with ''Subject'' (Shorcut Ins., № {{Hover title|Grammatical cases are numbered in Zhoushi|6}})
| |
| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablative_case Ablative] (''Mєrƞik''): Part of ''Subject'', compared to ''Subject'', the way (Shorcut Abl., № {{Hover title|Grammatical cases are numbered in Zhoushi|7}})
| |
| *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocative_case Vocative] (''Volaƞik''): Referring to ''Subject'', calling ''Subject'' (Shorcut Voc., № {{Hover title|Grammatical cases are numbered in Zhoushi|8}})
| |
| There are 16 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflection Inflection patterns] (4 for Masculine animate, 4 for Masculine inanimate, 4 for Feminine and 4 for Neuter)
| |
| ===Grammatical inflection===
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !colspan="20"|Inflection table of nouns
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="20"|Note: symbol [[wikipedia:Soft sign|Ь]] denotes softing of the previous sound from the root:
| |
| ----
| |
| C → Ч; D → Đ; Ƌ → Џ; E → Є; H → Ȝ; L → Λ; N → Ƞ; R → Ꝛ; S → Ш; T → Ꞇ; Z → Ʒ
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan="2"|Translation to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Common]
| |
| ! rowspan="2"|{{Hover title|Single letter code used in dictionaries|Code}}
| |
| ! colspan="8"|Singular
| |
| ! colspan="8"|Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative_case Nom.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_case Gen.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_case Dat.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accusative_case Acc.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locative_case Loc.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_case Ins.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablative_case Abl.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocative_case Voc.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative_case Nom.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_case Gen.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_case Dat.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accusative_case Acc.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locative_case Loc.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_case Ins.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablative_case Abl.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocative_case Voc.]
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="18" | '''Masculine ''Animate''
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Man'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"| '''M
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Muʒ'''''
| |
| |''Muʒe''
| |
| | ''Muʒi''
| |
| | ''Muʒє''
| |
| | ''Muʒi''
| |
| | ''Muʒem''
| |
| | ''Muʒi''
| |
| | ''Muʒi!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Muʒy'''''<br>'''''Muʒove'''''
| |
| | ''Muʒө''
| |
| | ''Muʒūm''
| |
| | ''Muʒe''
| |
| | ''Muʒyȝ''
| |
| | ''Muʒmy''<br>''Muʒemy''
| |
| | ''Muʒymy''
| |
| | ''Muʒy!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|∅
| |
| | -e
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -є
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -em
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -i!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -y<br>-ovē
| |
| | -ө
| |
| | -ūm
| |
| | -e
| |
| | -yȝ
| |
| | -my<br>-emy
| |
| | -ymy
| |
| | -y!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Sir'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''P
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Pan'''''
| |
| |''Pana''
| |
| | ''Panovi''
| |
| | ''Pana''
| |
| | ''Panovi''
| |
| | ''Panem''
| |
| | ''Pani''
| |
| | ''Pane!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Pany'''''<br>'''''Panove'''''
| |
| | ''Panū''
| |
| | ''Panūm''
| |
| | ''Pany''
| |
| | ''Paneȝ''
| |
| | ''Pany''
| |
| | ''Panymy''
| |
| | ''Paƞy!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|∅
| |
| | -a
| |
| | -ovi
| |
| | -a
| |
| | -ovi
| |
| | -em
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -e!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -y<br>-ovē
| |
| | -ū
| |
| | -ūm
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -eȝ
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -ymy
| |
| | -ьy!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Mayor'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''S
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Starosta'''''
| |
| |''Starosty''
| |
| | ''Starostovi''
| |
| | ''Starostu''
| |
| | ''Starostovi''
| |
| | ''Starostө''
| |
| | ''Starosti''
| |
| | ''Starosto!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Starosty'''''<br>'''''Starostove'''''
| |
| | ''Starostө''
| |
| | ''Starostūm''
| |
| | ''Starosty''
| |
| | ''Starosteȝ''
| |
| | ''Starosty''
| |
| | ''Starosty''
| |
| | ''Staroste!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-a
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -ovi
| |
| | -u
| |
| | -ovi
| |
| | -ө
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -o!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -y<br>-ovē
| |
| | -ө
| |
| | -ūm
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -eȝ
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -e!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Leader'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''V
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Vөdce'''''
| |
| |''Vөdce''
| |
| | ''Vөdcovi''
| |
| | ''Vөdce''
| |
| | ''Vөdcovi''<br>''Vөdci''
| |
| | ''Vөdcem''
| |
| | ''Vөdci''
| |
| | ''Vөdce!''<br>''Vөdчe!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Vөdci'''''<br>'''''Vөdcove'''''
| |
| | ''Vөdcū''
| |
| | ''Vөdcūm''
| |
| | ''Vөdce''
| |
| | ''Vөdciȝ''
| |
| | ''Vөdci''
| |
| | ''Vөdcy''
| |
| | ''Vөdci!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-e
| |
| | -e
| |
| | -ovi
| |
| | -e
| |
| | -ovi<br>-i
| |
| | -em
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -e!<br>-ьe!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -i<br>-ovē
| |
| | -ū
| |
| | -ūm
| |
| | -e
| |
| | -iȝ
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -i!
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="18" | '''Masculine ''Inanimate''
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''State'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''Ш
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Шtat'''''
| |
| |''Шtatu''
| |
| | ''Шtatu''
| |
| | ''Шtat''
| |
| | ''Шtatu''
| |
| | ''Шtatem''
| |
| | ''Шtaty''
| |
| | ''Шtate!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Шtaty'''''
| |
| | ''Шtatө''
| |
| | ''Шtatom''
| |
| | ''Шtaty''
| |
| | ''Шtateȝ''
| |
| | ''Шtatmy''<br>''Шtatamy''
| |
| | ''Шtatemy''
| |
| | ''Шtaty!''
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|∅
| |
| | -u
| |
| | -u
| |
| | ∅
| |
| | -u
| |
| | -em
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -e!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -y
| |
| | -ө
| |
| | -om
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -eȝ
| |
| | -y<br>-amy
| |
| | -emy
| |
| | -y!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Forest'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''L
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Lєs'''''
| |
| |''Lєsa''<br>''Lєsu''
| |
| | ''Lєsu''
| |
| | ''Lєs''
| |
| | ''Lєse''
| |
| | ''Lєsem''
| |
| | ''Lєsy''
| |
| | ''Lєse!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Lєsy'''''
| |
| | ''Lєsө''
| |
| | ''Lєsөm''
| |
| | ''Lєsy''
| |
| | ''Lєseȝ''
| |
| | ''Lєsmy''
| |
| | ''Lєsemy''
| |
| | ''Lєsy!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|∅
| |
| | -a<br>-u
| |
| | -u
| |
| | ∅
| |
| | -e
| |
| | -em
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -e!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -y
| |
| | -ө
| |
| | -өm
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -eȝ
| |
| | -my
| |
| | -emy
| |
| | -y!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Machine'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''T
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Stroj'''''
| |
| |''Stroje''
| |
| | ''Stroji''
| |
| | ''Stroj''
| |
| | ''Stroji''
| |
| | ''Strojem''
| |
| | ''Strojy''
| |
| | ''Stroji!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Stroje'''''
| |
| | ''Strojө''
| |
| | ''Strojөm''
| |
| | ''Stroje''
| |
| | ''Strojiȝ''
| |
| | ''Strojmi''<br>''Strojemi''
| |
| | ''Strojamy''
| |
| | ''Stroje!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|∅
| |
| | -e
| |
| | -i
| |
| | ∅
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -em
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -i!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -e
| |
| | -ө
| |
| | -өm
| |
| | -e
| |
| | -iȝ
| |
| | -mi<br>-emi
| |
| | -amy
| |
| | -e!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Church'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''C
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Cerkev'''''<ref>In many cases, words inflected by this infletion are slowly shifting towards inflection pattern "Rөʒe" (Feminine)</ref>
| |
| |''Cerkvi''
| |
| | ''Cerkvi''
| |
| | ''Cerkev''
| |
| | ''Cerkvi''
| |
| | ''Cerkvi''<br>''Cerkvө''
| |
| | ''Cerkvy''
| |
| | ''Cerkevo!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Cerkve'''''
| |
| | ''Cerkvө''
| |
| | ''Cerkvөm''
| |
| | ''Cerkve''
| |
| | ''Cerkveȝ''
| |
| | ''Cerkvimi''<br>''Cerkvamy''
| |
| | ''Cerkavy''
| |
| | ''Cerkve!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-ev
| |
| | -vi
| |
| | -vi
| |
| | -ev
| |
| | -vi
| |
| | -vi<br>-vө
| |
| | -vy
| |
| | -evo!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -ve
| |
| | -vө
| |
| | -vөm
| |
| | -ve
| |
| | -veȝ
| |
| | -vimi<br>-vamy
| |
| | -avy
| |
| | -ve!
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="18" | '''Feminine
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Woman'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''Ʒ
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Ʒona'''''
| |
| |''Ʒony''
| |
| | ''Ʒonje''
| |
| | ''Ʒonu''
| |
| | ''Ʒonє''
| |
| | ''Ʒonө''
| |
| | ''Ʒoni''
| |
| | ''Ʒono!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Ʒoni'''''
| |
| | ''Ʒon''
| |
| | ''Ʒonām''
| |
| | ''Ʒony''
| |
| | ''Ʒonaȝ''
| |
| | ''Ʒonami''<br>''Ʒonama''
| |
| | ''Ʒonimi''<br>''Ʒonima''
| |
| | ''Ʒoniє!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-a
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -je
| |
| | -u
| |
| | -є
| |
| | -ө
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -o!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -i
| |
| | ∅
| |
| | -ām
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -aȝ
| |
| | -ami<br>-ama
| |
| | -imi<br>-ima
| |
| | -iє!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Rose'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''Ө
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Rөʒe'''''
| |
| |''Rөʒe''
| |
| | ''Rөʒi''
| |
| | ''Rөʒi''
| |
| | ''Rөʒi''
| |
| | ''Rөʒiji''
| |
| | ''Rөʒej''
| |
| | ''Rөʒe!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Rөʒe'''''
| |
| | ''Rөʒī''
| |
| | ''Rөʒīm''
| |
| | ''Rөʒє''
| |
| | ''Rөʒiȝ''
| |
| | ''Rөʒemi''<br>''Rөʒema''
| |
| | ''Rөʒimi''
| |
| | ''Rөʒe!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-e
| |
| | -e
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -iji
| |
| | -ej
| |
| | -e!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -e
| |
| | -ī
| |
| | -īm
| |
| | -є
| |
| | -iȝ
| |
| | -emi<br>-ema
| |
| | -imi
| |
| | -e!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Cherry'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''Ч
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Чerшeƞ'''''
| |
| |''Чerшƞe''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞi''
| |
| | ''Чerшeƞ''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞi''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞiji''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞi''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞi!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Чerшƞe'''''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞī''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞīm''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞє''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞiȝ''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞemi''<br>''Чerшƞimi''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞimi''
| |
| | ''Чerшƞe!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-eƞ
| |
| | -ƞe
| |
| | -ƞi
| |
| | -eƞ
| |
| | -ƞi
| |
| | -ƞiji
| |
| | -ƞi
| |
| | -ƞi!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -ƞe
| |
| | -ƞī
| |
| | -ƞīm
| |
| | -ƞє
| |
| | -ƞiȝ
| |
| | -ƞemi<br>-ƞimi
| |
| | -ƞimi
| |
| | -ƞe!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Joy'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''Ꞇ
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Radosꞇ'''''
| |
| |''Radosꞇi''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇi''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇ''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇi''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇiji''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇi''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇi!''<br>''Radosꞇ!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Radosꞇi'''''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇīȝ''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇem''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇi''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇeȝ''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇmi''<br>''Radosꞇami''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇim''
| |
| | ''Radosꞇi!''<br>''Radosꞇє!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|∅
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -i
| |
| | ∅
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -iji
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -i!<br>∅!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -i
| |
| | -īȝ
| |
| | -em
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -eȝ
| |
| | -mi<br>-ami
| |
| | -im
| |
| | -i!<br>-є!
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="18" | '''Neuter
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Sea'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''Ꝛ
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Moꝛe''''' | |
| |''Moꝛe''
| |
| | ''Moꝛi''
| |
| | ''Moꝛє''
| |
| | ''Moꝛi''
| |
| | ''Moꝛem''
| |
| | ''Moꝛy''
| |
| | ''Moꝛe!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Moꝛe'''''
| |
| | ''Moꝛîĵī''
| |
| | ''Moꝛīm''
| |
| | ''Moꝛe''
| |
| | ''Moꝛiȝ''
| |
| | ''Moꝛima''<br>''Moꝛema''
| |
| | ''Moꝛimi''
| |
| | ''Moꝛe!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-e
| |
| | -e
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -є
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -em
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -e!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -e
| |
| | -îĵī
| |
| | -īm
| |
| | -e
| |
| | -iȝ
| |
| | -ima<br>-ema
| |
| | -imi
| |
| | -e!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''City'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''Ƞ
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Miƞєsto'''''
| |
| | ''Miƞєsta''
| |
| | ''Miƞєstu''
| |
| | ''Miƞєsto''
| |
| | ''Miƞєstu''
| |
| | ''Miƞєstem''
| |
| | ''Miƞєsty''
| |
| | ''Miƞєsto!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Miƞєsta'''''
| |
| | ''Miƞєst''
| |
| | ''Miƞєstūm''<br>''Miƞєstөm''
| |
| | ''Miƞєsta''
| |
| | ''Miƞєsteȝ''
| |
| | ''Miƞєsty''
| |
| | ''Miƞєsti''
| |
| | ''Miƞєsta!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-o
| |
| | -a
| |
| | -u
| |
| | -o
| |
| | -u
| |
| | -em
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -o!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -a
| |
| | ∅
| |
| | -ūm<br>-өm
| |
| | -a
| |
| | -eȝ
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -a!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Chicken'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''K
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Kuꝛe'''''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛete''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛeꞇi''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛє''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛeꞇi''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛetem''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛy''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛe!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Kuꝛata'''''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛat''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛatūm''<br>''Kuꝛatөm''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛata''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛateȝ''<br>''Kuꝛataȝ''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛaty''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛati''
| |
| | ''Kuꝛata!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-e
| |
| | -ete
| |
| | -eꞇi
| |
| | -є
| |
| | -eꞇi
| |
| | -etem
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -e!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -ata
| |
| | -at
| |
| | -atūm<br>-atөm
| |
| | -ata
| |
| | -ateȝ<br>-ataȝ
| |
| | -aty
| |
| | -ati
| |
| | -ata!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Reeds'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''R
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Rakosij'''''<ref>In many cases, words inflected by this inflection are slowly shifting towards inflection pattern "Radosꞇ" (Feminine)</ref>
| |
| |''Rakosi''
| |
| | ''Rakosi''
| |
| | ''Rakosijє''
| |
| | ''Rakosiĵî''
| |
| | ''Rakosi''
| |
| | ''Rakosij''
| |
| | ''Rakosîĵe!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Rakosiĵ'''''
| |
| |''Rakosīȝ''<br>''Rakosit''
| |
| | ''Rakosī''
| |
| | ''Rakosijє''
| |
| | ''Rakosiĵîȝ''
| |
| | ''Rakosi''
| |
| | ''Rakosij''
| |
| | ''Rakosîĵe!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-ij
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -ijє
| |
| | -iĵî
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -ij
| |
| | -îĵe!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-iĵ
| |
| | -īȝ<br>-it
| |
| | -ī
| |
| | -ijє
| |
| | -iĵîȝ
| |
| | -i
| |
| | -ij
| |
| | -îĵe!
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="18" | '''Indifferent
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Zombie'''
| |
| |rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''I
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Zombie'''''
| |
| |''Zombi''
| |
| |''Zombi''
| |
| |''Zombi''
| |
| |''Zombi''
| |
| |''Zombi''
| |
| |''Zombi''
| |
| |''Zombi!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Zombiei'''''
| |
| |''Zombīĵei''
| |
| |''Zombīĵei''
| |
| |''Zombīĵei''
| |
| |''Zombīĵei''
| |
| |''Zombīĵei''
| |
| |''Zombīĵei''
| |
| |''Zombīĵei!''<br>''Zombīje!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-e
| |
| |∅
| |
| |∅
| |
| |∅
| |
| |∅
| |
| |∅
| |
| |∅
| |
| |∅!
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-ei
| |
| |∸ĵei
| |
| |∸ĵei
| |
| |∸ĵei
| |
| |∸ĵei
| |
| |∸ĵei
| |
| |∸ĵei
| |
| |∸ĵei!<br>∸je!
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="4" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[Anteria|<span style="color: #000000">Anteria</span>]]'''
| |
| |rowspan="4" style="text-align: center;"|'''Є
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Anterijє'''''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Anterije''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Anteriji''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Anterijє''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Anteriji''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Anteriji''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Anteriji''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Anterijє!''<br>''Anterije!''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Anterije'''''
| |
| |''Anterijiȝ''
| |
| |''Anterijōm''
| |
| |''Anterije''
| |
| |''Anterijiȝ''
| |
| |''Anterijimi''
| |
| |''Anterijimy''
| |
| |''Anterije!''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="8"|<small>''Note: [[Anteria|<span style="color: #000000">Anteria</span>]] as a term is almost never inflected as plural (multiple "[[Anteria|<span style="color: #000000">Anteriae</span>]]").''</small>
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-є
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -e
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -i
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -є
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -i
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -i
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -i
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -є!<br>-e!
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-e
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -iȝ
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -ōm
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -e
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -iȝ
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -imi
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -imy
| |
| |rowspan="2"| -!
| |
| |}
| |
| ==Adjectives==
| |
| ===Association to gender===
| |
| Zhoushi adjectives could be divided into four groups: | |
| * Descriptive soft
| |
| * Descriptive hard
| |
| * Possessive soft
| |
| * Possessive hard
| |
| Possessive adjectives describe a association to or a ownership of a certain object (such as "Father's car" - ''Oþcovo auto''), while the descriptive adjectives describe a atribute or a property of the said object (such as "Blue car" - ''Modre auto''). Adjectives do not differentiate between masculine inanimate and masculine animate.<ref>Except the suffixes, in which the masculine animate ends with "-i", while masculine inanimate ends with "-y"</ref> Indifferent gender words are declined using neuter forms.
| |
| | |
| There are 4 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflection Inflection patterns] (One for each group of adjectives)
| |
| ===Grammatical inflection===
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !colspan="20"|Inflection table of adjectives
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="20"|Note: symbol [[wikipedia:Soft sign|Ь]] denotes softing of the previous sound from the root:
| |
| ----
| |
| C → Ч; D → Đ; Ƌ → Џ; E → Є; H → Ȝ; L → Λ; N → Ƞ; R → Ꝛ; S → Ш; T → Ꞇ; Z → Ʒ
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan="2"|Translation to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Common]
| |
| ! rowspan="2"|{{Hover title|Single letter code used in dictionaries|Code}}
| |
| ! colspan="7"|Singular
| |
| ! colspan="7"|Plural
| |
| ! rowspan="2"|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_gender Gender]
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative_case Nom.]<small>+[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocative_case Voc.]</small>
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_case Gen.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_case Dat.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accusative_case Acc.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locative_case Loc.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_case Ins.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablative_case Abl.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative_case Nom.]<small>+[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocative_case Voc.]</small>
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_case Gen.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_case Dat.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accusative_case Acc.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locative_case Loc.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_case Ins.]
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablative_case Abl.]
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Descriptive Hard
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="6" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Young'''
| |
| |rowspan="6" style="text-align: center;"| '''J
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Malodȳĵ'''''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Malodœꚕo''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Malodœmu''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Malodœꚕo''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Malodīm''<br>''Malodēm''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Malodȳm''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Malodīmy''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Malođi'''''
| |
| | ''Malodȳȝ''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Malodȳm''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Malodîĵe''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Malodȳȝ''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Malodȳmi''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Malodȳmy''
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Masculines
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Malodē'''''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Malodā'''''
| |
| | ''Malodēȝ''
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Neuter
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Malodā'''''
| |
| |''Malodîĵe''
| |
| |''Malodē''
| |
| |''Malodө̄''
| |
| |''Malodє̄''
| |
| |''Malodө̄''
| |
| |''Malodө̄''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Malodē'''''
| |
| | ''Malodīȝ''
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Feminines
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-ȳĵ
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-œꚕo
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-œmu
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-œꚕo
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-īm<br>-ēm
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-ȳm
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-īmy
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-ьi
| |
| | -ȳȝ''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-ȳm
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-îĵe
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-ȳȝ
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-ȳmi
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-ȳmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Masculines
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-ē
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-ā
| |
| | -ēȝ
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Neuter
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-ā
| |
| | -îĵe
| |
| | -ē
| |
| | -ө̄
| |
| | -є̄
| |
| | -ө̄
| |
| | -ө̄
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -ē
| |
| | -īȝ
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Feminines
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Descriptive Soft
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0 rowspan="4"|'''Summer'''
| |
| |style="text-align: center;" rowspan="4"| '''E
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Letƞī'''''
| |
| |''Letƞīꚕo''
| |
| |''Letƞīmu''
| |
| |''Letƞī''
| |
| |''Letƞīm''
| |
| |''Letƞīm''
| |
| |''Letƞīm''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Letƞī'''''
| |
| | ''Letƞīȝ''
| |
| | ''Letƞīm''
| |
| | ''Letƞī''
| |
| | ''Letƞīȝ''
| |
| | ''Letƞīmi''
| |
| | ''Letƞīmy''
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Masculine
| |
| |-
| |
| |''Letƞī''
| |
| |''Letƞī''
| |
| |''Letƞī''
| |
| |''Letƞī''
| |
| |''Letƞī''
| |
| |''Letƞī''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Letƞī'''''
| |
| | ''Letƞīȝ''
| |
| | ''Letƞīm''
| |
| | ''Letƞī''
| |
| | ''Letƞīȝ''
| |
| | ''Letƞīmi''
| |
| | ''Letƞīmy''
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Feminine<br>Neuter
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|-ī
| |
| | -īꚕo
| |
| | -īmu
| |
| | -ī
| |
| | -īm
| |
| | -īm
| |
| | -īm
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -ī
| |
| | -īȝ
| |
| | -īm
| |
| | -ī
| |
| | -īȝ
| |
| | -īmi
| |
| | -īmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Masculine
| |
| |-
| |
| | -ī
| |
| | -ī
| |
| | -ī
| |
| | -ī
| |
| | -ī
| |
| | -ī
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -ī
| |
| | -īȝ
| |
| | -īm
| |
| | -ī
| |
| | -īȝ
| |
| | -īmi
| |
| | -īmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Feminine<br>Neuter
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Possessive Hard
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 rowspan="4"|'''Father's'''
| |
| |style="text-align: center;" rowspan="4"| '''O
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Oþcө̄ʋ'''''<br>'''''Oþcovo'''''
| |
| |''Oþcova''
| |
| |''Oþcovu''
| |
| |''Oþcovo''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Oþcovo''<br>''Oþcovє''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Oþcovo''<br>''Oþcovym''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Oþcovi''
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Oþcovi'''''<br>'''''Oþcovy'''''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Oþcovyȝ''<br>''Oþcovo''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Oþcovym''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Oþcovy''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Oþcovyȝ''<br>''Oþcovo''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Oþcovymi''
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Oþcovymy''
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Masculines<br>Neuter
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Oþcөva
| |
| |''Oþcovy''
| |
| |''Oþcoʋjє''
| |
| |''Oþcovu''
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Feminine
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-ө̄ʋ<br>-ovo
| |
| | -ova
| |
| | -ovu
| |
| | -ovo
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-ovo<br>-ovє
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-ovo<br>-ovym
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-ovi
| |
| |rowspan="2" bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-ovi<br>-ovy
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-ovyȝ<br>-ovo
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-ovym
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-ovy
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-ovyȝ<br>-ovo
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-ovymi
| |
| |rowspan="2"|-ovymy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Masculines<br>Neuter
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-өva
| |
| | -ovy
| |
| | -oʋjє
| |
| | -ovu
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Feminine
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Possessive Soft
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 rowspan="6"|'''Mother's'''
| |
| |style="text-align: center;" rowspan="6"| '''Ч
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Maꞇчin'''''
| |
| |''Maꞇчina''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Maꞇчiƞe''
| |
| |''Maꞇчina''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Maꞇчiƞe''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Maꞇчinym
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Maꞇчiny
| |
| |rowspan="3" bgcolor=#F5F5F5| '''''Maꞇчiny'''''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Maꞇчinyȝ''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Maꞇчinym''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Maꞇчiny''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Maꞇчinyȝ''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Maꞇчinymi''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Maꞇчinymy''
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Masculines
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Maꞇчina'''''
| |
| |''Maꞇчiny''
| |
| |''Maꞇчinu''
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Feminine
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Maꞇчino'''''
| |
| |''Maꞇчina''
| |
| |''Maꞇчino''
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Neuter
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|∅
| |
| | -a
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-ьe
| |
| | -a
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-ьe
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-ym
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-y
| |
| |rowspan="3" bgcolor=#F5F5F5| -y
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-yȝ
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-ym
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-y
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-yȝ
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-ymi
| |
| |rowspan="3"|-ymy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Masculines
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-a
| |
| | -y
| |
| | -u
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Feminine
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|-o
| |
| | -a
| |
| | -o
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Neuter
| |
| |}
| |
| Zhoushi uses five forms for [[wikipedia:Comparison (grammar)|comparison]] of the adjective:
| |
| *[[wikipedia:Affirmation and negation|Negative]] - Negation of the word: ''Happy → '''Un'''happy
| |
| *[[wikipedia:Comparison (grammar)|Positive]] - Basic form of the word: ''Happy
| |
| *[[wikipedia:Comparison (grammar)|Comparative]] - Form for comparison relative to something: ''Happy → Happ'''ier'''
| |
| *[[wikipedia:Comparison (grammar)|Superlative]] - Form showing absolute relative to a group: ''Happy → Happ'''iest'''
| |
| *[[wikipedia:Augmentative|Augmentative]] - Form showing absolute position without a relative: ''Happy → '''Ultimately'''/'''Absolutely''' happy
| |
| ==Pronouns==
| |
| [[File:ZhouPronouns3.png|350px|thumb|{{align|center|Preference of beginning in third person singular inflections (Ƞ × J)}}]]
| |
| Pronouns are inflected as well. Zhoushi has multiple factors, such as masculine, feminine neuter and indifferent singular third person, inclusive and exclusive first person plural and reflexive pronouns.
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !colspan="12"|Inflection table of pronouns
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2"|Translation to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Common]
| |
| ! colspan="2"|Person and number
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative_case Nom.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_case Gen.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_case Dat.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accusative_case Acc.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locative_case Loc.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_case Ins.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablative_case Abl.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocative_case Voc.]
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''I'''
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Me'''
| |
| |First
| |
| |rowspan="7"|Singular
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Ja'''''
| |
| |''Miƞe''
| |
| | ''Mi''<br>''Mƞe''
| |
| | ''Mƞe''
| |
| | ''Mƞe''
| |
| | ''Mnө''
| |
| | ''Mnu''
| |
| | <!--{{Hover title|Form non-existent|✗}}-->—
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan=2 bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''You'''<br>''(Singular)''
| |
| |Second
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Ty'''''
| |
| |''Tebe''
| |
| | ''Tobi''<br>''Tobjє''
| |
| | ''Tebe''
| |
| | ''Tobjє''
| |
| | ''Tebө''
| |
| | ''Tebu''
| |
| | ''Ty!''
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''He'''
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Him'''
| |
| |rowspan="4"|Third
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Өn'''''
| |
| |''Ƞej''<br>''Jeꚕo''
| |
| | ''Ƞemu''<br>''Jemu''
| |
| | ''Ƞej''<br>''Jej''
| |
| | ''Ƞem''<br>''Jim''
| |
| | ''Ƞim''<br>''Jij''
| |
| | ''Ƞimu''<br>''Jiju''
| |
| | —
| |
| |-
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''She'''
| |
| | bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Her'''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Өna'''''
| |
| |''Ƞi''<br>''Jej''
| |
| | ''Ƞi''<br>''Ji''
| |
| | ''Ƞi''<br>''Ji''
| |
| | ''Ƞi''<br>''Ji''
| |
| | ''Ƞi''<br>''Ji''
| |
| | ''Ƞu''<br>''Ju''
| |
| | —
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan=2 bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''It'''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Өno'''''
| |
| |''Өnoꚕo''
| |
| | ''Өnœmu''
| |
| | ''Өno''
| |
| | ''Өƞem''<br>''Өƞeȝ''
| |
| | ''Өƞim''
| |
| | ''Өnu''
| |
| | —
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''They'''<br>''(Singular)''<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular_they They in singular] number is rarely used in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Common], but still exists.</ref>
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Them'''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Өnu'''''
| |
| |''Ƞij''<br>''Joj''
| |
| | ''Ƞi''<br>''Ji''
| |
| | ''Ƞij''<br>''Jij''
| |
| | ''Ƞij''<br>''Jij''
| |
| | ''Ƞij''<br>''Jij''
| |
| | ''Ƞiju''<br>''Jiju''
| |
| | —
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan=2 bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''-self'''<br>''(Singular)''
| |
| |[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexive_pronoun Reflexive]
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|—
| |
| |''Sebe''
| |
| | ''Sobje''<br>''Sobjє''
| |
| | ''Sebe''<br>''Se''
| |
| | ''Sobje''<br>''Sobjє''
| |
| | ''Sebө''
| |
| | ''Sebu''
| |
| | —
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''We'''<br>''(Inclusive)''
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Us'''
| |
| |First
| |
| |rowspan="7"|Plural
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Ny'''''
| |
| |''Nas''
| |
| | ''Nam''
| |
| | ''Nas''<br>''Ny''
| |
| | ''Nas''
| |
| | ''Nami''
| |
| | ''Namu''
| |
| | ''Ny!''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2" bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''You'''<br>''(Plural + formal)''
| |
| |Second
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Vy'''''
| |
| |''Vas''
| |
| | ''Vam''<br>
| |
| | ''Vas''
| |
| | ''Vas''
| |
| | ''Vami''
| |
| | ''Vamu''<br>''Vanu''
| |
| | ''Vy!''
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''They'''<br>''(Masculine)''
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Them'''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|Third
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Oni'''''
| |
| |''Ƞiȝ''<br>''Jiȝ''
| |
| | ''Ƞim''<br>''Jim''
| |
| | ''Ƞe''<br>''Je''
| |
| | ''Ƞiȝ''<br>''Jiȝ''
| |
| | ''Ƞimi''<br>''Jimi''
| |
| | ''Ƞimu''<br>''Jimu''
| |
| | —
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''They'''<br>''(Feminine)''
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Them'''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Ony'''''
| |
| |''Ƞeȝ''<br>''Jeȝ''
| |
| | ''Ƞim''<br>''Jim''
| |
| | ''Ƞe''<br>''Je''
| |
| | ''Ƞyȝ''<br>''Jyȝ''
| |
| | ''Ƞimy''<br>''Jimy''
| |
| | ''Ƞimu''<br>''Jimu''
| |
| | —
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''They'''<br>''(Neuter/indifferent)''
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Them'''
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Ona'''''
| |
| |''Ƞєȝ''<br>''Oƞєȝ''
| |
| | ''Ƞim''<br>''Oƞim''
| |
| | ''Ƞe''<br>''Oƞe''
| |
| | ''Ƞiȝ''<br>''Oƞiȝ''
| |
| | ''Ƞimy''<br>''Oƞimy''
| |
| | ''Ƞimu''<br>''Oƞimu''
| |
| | —
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''We'''<br>''(Exclusive)''<ref>See article about [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clusivity Clusivity] of first person singular</ref>
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Us'''
| |
| |Fourth
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''My'''''
| |
| |''Mas''
| |
| | ''Mam''<br>''Minam''
| |
| | ''Mas''
| |
| | ''Mas''
| |
| | ''Mami''
| |
| | ''Mamu''
| |
| | ''My!''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan=2 bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''-self'''<br>''(Plural)''<ref>Usage of this term slowly shifts and merges with the singular form. This form is sometimes considered archaic</ref>
| |
| |[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflexive_pronoun Reflexive]
| |
| | bgcolor=#F5F5F5|—
| |
| |''Sєbe''
| |
| | ''Sөbje''<br>''Sөbjє''
| |
| | ''Sєbe''<br>''Sє''
| |
| | ''Sөbje''<br>''Sөbjє''
| |
| | ''Sєbө''
| |
| | ''Sєbu''
| |
| | —
| |
| |}
| |
| In plural, if the subject of the coversation which is substituted by "they" a mix of multiple genders, there is a hierarchy of genders which are prefered. Here is a list:
| |
| * Masculine (both animate and inanimate) - ''Muʒy, Lєsy, Rөʒe aj Kuꝛata'' - use "Oni"
| |
| * Feminine - ''Rөʒe aj Kuꝛata'' - use "Ony"
| |
| * Neuter/indifferent - ''Kuꝛata aj Miƞєsta'' - use "Ona"
| |
| If masculine is present, use masculine form. If there is no masculine, but there is a feminine, use feminine form. Use neuter if only indifferent and neuter words are present.
| |
| ==Numbers==
| |
| {{Symb|ᚴ ⵒ ᘐ<br>↊ ↋}}
| |
| Due to the prominence of [[wikipedia:Polydactyly|hexadactyly]] between the Zhoushi populace, Zhousheng is one of the few nations, that developed a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodecimal dozenal system]. Zhousheng officially used latinized dozenal system until 1978, when the government officially decided to abandon the system and move towards a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal decimal system]. In school, both systems are told in a paralel to each other, which helps Zhoushi students to better understand numbers and aren't tied to just one graphical representation of the number, supporting abstract thinking. However, this also causes some problems with education, therefore math is being told in kindergarden as well to balance the pressure kids would be subjected during math exams.
| |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !System !![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal Decimal] !!colspan="2"|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodecimal Dozenal] !!Zhoushi !!Zhengian !![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_numerals Preimeai]
| |
| |-
| |
| !Ten
| |
| |10 ||[[File:Dozenal_us_10.svg|8px|link=]] ||↊ ||ᚴ ||൰ ||១០
| |
| |-
| |
| !Eleven
| |
| |11 ||[[File:Dozenal_us_11.svg|7px|link=]] ||↋ ||ⵒ ||൯ ||១១
| |
| |-
| |
| !Cyclic
| |
| |colspan="3"|— ||ᘐ ||൫ ||—
| |
| |}
| |
| ===Numbers 1-10===
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !colspan="9"|List of basic terms for numbers
| |
| |-
| |
| ! {{vert header|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal Decimal]}}
| |
| ! {{vert header|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodecimal Dozenal]}}
| |
| ! {{vert header|[[Zhengia|Zhengian]]}}
| |
| ! {{vert header|[[Zhousheng|Zhoushi]]}}
| |
| ! {{vert header|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_numerals Preimeai]}}
| |
| ! Decimal term<br>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Common])
| |
| ! Dozenal term<br>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Common])
| |
| ! Decimal term<br>(Zhoushi)
| |
| ! Dozenal term<br>(Zhoushi)
| |
| |-
| |
| | 0
| |
| | 0
| |
| | ០
| |
| | 0
| |
| | ០
| |
| | ''Zero''
| |
| | ''Zero''
| |
| | ''Nula''
| |
| | ''Nula''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 1
| |
| | 1
| |
| | ១
| |
| | 1
| |
| | ១
| |
| | ''One''
| |
| | ''One''
| |
| | ''Oden''
| |
| | ''Oden''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 2
| |
| | 2
| |
| | ໒
| |
| | 2
| |
| | ២
| |
| | ''Two''
| |
| | ''Two''
| |
| | ''Dva''
| |
| | ''Dva''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 3
| |
| | 3
| |
| | ៣
| |
| | 3
| |
| | ៣
| |
| | ''Three''
| |
| | ''Three''
| |
| | ''Tꝛi''
| |
| | ''Tꝛi''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 4
| |
| | 4
| |
| | ൪
| |
| | 4
| |
| | ៤
| |
| | ''Four''
| |
| | ''Four''
| |
| | ''Чotyꝛi''
| |
| | ''Чotyꝛi''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 5
| |
| | 5
| |
| | ૫
| |
| | 5
| |
| | ៥
| |
| | ''Five''
| |
| | ''Five''
| |
| | ''Peꞇ''
| |
| | ''Peꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 6
| |
| | 6
| |
| | ૬
| |
| | 6
| |
| | ៦
| |
| | ''Six''
| |
| | ''Six''
| |
| | ''Шosꞇ''
| |
| | ''Шosꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 7
| |
| | 7
| |
| | ൭
| |
| | 7
| |
| | ៧
| |
| | ''Seven''
| |
| | ''Seven''
| |
| | ''Sydem''
| |
| | ''Sydem''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 8
| |
| | 8
| |
| | ൮
| |
| | 8
| |
| | ៨
| |
| | ''Eight''
| |
| | ''Eight''
| |
| | ''Өsem''
| |
| | ''Өsem''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 9
| |
| | 9
| |
| | ໙
| |
| | 9
| |
| | ៩
| |
| | ''Nine''
| |
| | ''Nine''
| |
| | ''Đeveꞇ''
| |
| | ''Đeveꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="3"|10
| |
| | {{Hover title|International symbol|↊}}
| |
| |rowspan="3"|൰
| |
| |rowspan="3"|ᚴ
| |
| |rowspan="3"|១០
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Ten''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Dek''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Deseꞇ''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Deseꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |{{Hover title|American symbol|[[File:Dozenal_us_10.svg|8px|link=]]}}
| |
| |-
| |
| |{{Hover title|Programming symbol|A}}
| |
| |-
| |
| |rowspan="3"|<span style="color: #A9A9A9">11
| |
| | {{Hover title|International symbol|↋}}
| |
| |rowspan="3"|൯
| |
| |rowspan="3"|ⵒ
| |
| |rowspan="3"|<span style="color: #A9A9A9">១១
| |
| |rowspan="3"|<span style="color: #A9A9A9">''Eleven''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''El''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|<span style="color: #A9A9A9">''Jedenasꞇ''
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Hєleꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |{{Hover title|American symbol|[[File:Dozenal_us_11.svg|7px|link=]]}}
| |
| |-
| |
| |{{Hover title|Programming symbol|B}}
| |
| |-
| |
| | <span style="color: #A9A9A9">12
| |
| | 10
| |
| | {{Hover title|Cyclical symbol|൫}}<br> ១០
| |
| | {{Hover title|Cyclical symbol|ᘐ}}<br> 10
| |
| | <span style="color: #A9A9A9">១២
| |
| | <span style="color: #A9A9A9">''Twelve''
| |
| | ''Do''
| |
| | <span style="color: #A9A9A9">''Dvanasꞇ''
| |
| | ''Ceλeꞇ'' (Cyclical)<br> ''Tuƌeꞇ''
| |
| |}
| |
| [[File:Clock Zhousheng.png|thumb|Design of the face of clocks used in [[Zhousheng]]]]
| |
| [[File:Zhoushi 7segment numbers.png|thumb|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven-segment_display 7-seg] numbers]]
| |
| Currently, dozenal system is used only sparsely in common use, but for example clocks still retained their original cyclic description (that is 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-ᚴ-ⵒ-ᘐ), so called cyclical symbol, noted as "ᘐ" in new Zhoushi numerals refers to a number in a twelve-step cycle. Example could be clock, where numerals 10, 11 and 12 are replaced by ᚴ, ⵒ and ᘐ to this day. Some translations of the Kaȝin Canon still use dozenal naming, especially in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Revelation Book of Revelation of John].
| |
| ===Numbers 11-1ⵒ===
| |
| Numbers 11-1ⵒ are created by adding suffix ''"-asꞇ"'' (Or ''"-nasꞇ"'') to the numbers 1-ⵒ. The same system applied to the old decimal numbering, therefore, the next table is listing both decimal and dozenal, keep in mind the values are relative:
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !colspan="7"|Terms for numbers 10-1ⵒ
| |
| |-
| |
| !colspan="2"|Symbol<br>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodecimal Dozenal])
| |
| ! Symbol<br>([[Zhousheng|Zhoushi]])
| |
| ! Symbol<br>([[Zhengia|Zhengian]])
| |
| ! Symbol<br>([[Prei Meas|Preimeai]])
| |
| ! Literal translation<br>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Common])
| |
| ! Zhoushi term
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|11
| |
| | 11
| |
| | ១១
| |
| | ១១
| |
| | ''Eleven''
| |
| | ''Odenasꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|12
| |
| | 12
| |
| | ១໒
| |
| | ១២
| |
| | ''Twelve''
| |
| | ''Dvanasꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|13
| |
| | 13
| |
| | ១៣
| |
| | ១៣
| |
| | ''Thirteen''
| |
| | ''Tꝛinasꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|14
| |
| | 14
| |
| | ១૫
| |
| | ១៥
| |
| | ''Fourteen''
| |
| | ''Чotyrnasꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|15
| |
| | 15
| |
| | ១൪
| |
| | ១៤
| |
| | ''Fifteen''
| |
| | ''Peꞇnasꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|16
| |
| | 16
| |
| | ១૬
| |
| | ១៦
| |
| | ''Sixteen''
| |
| | ''Шosꞇnasꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|17
| |
| | 17
| |
| | ១൭
| |
| | ១៧
| |
| | ''Seventeen''
| |
| | ''Sydemnasꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|18
| |
| | 18
| |
| | ១൮
| |
| | ១៨
| |
| | ''Eighteen''
| |
| | ''Өsemnasꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|19
| |
| | 19
| |
| | ១໙
| |
| | ១៩
| |
| | ''Nineteen''
| |
| | ''Đeveꞇenasꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 1↊
| |
| | 1[[File:Dozenal_us_10.svg|7px|link=]]
| |
| | 1ᚴ
| |
| | ១൰
| |
| | —
| |
| | ''Tenteen''
| |
| | ''Deseꞇenasꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 1↋
| |
| | 1[[File:Dozenal_us_11.svg|7px|link=]]
| |
| | 1ⵒ
| |
| | ១൯
| |
| | —
| |
| | ''Elteen''
| |
| | ''Hєleꞇenasꞇ''
| |
| |}
| |
| ===Tens===
| |
| Tens, similar to 10 (Deseꞇ, Tuƌeꞇ), other multiples of 10 are made using the numbers 1-ⵒ and adding suffix ''"-ƌet"'' (10-40) or ''"-desaꞇ"'' (50-ⵒ0):
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !colspan="7"|Terms for tens
| |
| |-
| |
| !colspan="2"|Symbol<br>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodecimal Dozenal])
| |
| ! Symbol<br>([[Zhousheng|Zhoushi]])
| |
| ! Symbol<br>([[Zhengia|Zhengian]])
| |
| ! Symbol<br>([[Prei Meas|Preimeai]])
| |
| ! Literal translation<br>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Common])
| |
| ! Zhoushi term
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|10
| |
| | 10
| |
| | ១០
| |
| | ១០
| |
| | ''Ten''/''Do''
| |
| | ''Deseꞇ''/''Tuƌeꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|20
| |
| | 20
| |
| | ໒០
| |
| | ២០
| |
| | ''Twenty''
| |
| | ''Dvaƌeꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|30
| |
| | 30
| |
| | ៣០
| |
| | ៣០
| |
| | ''Thirty''
| |
| | ''Tꝛiƌeꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|40
| |
| | 40
| |
| | ૫០
| |
| | ៥០
| |
| | ''Fourty''
| |
| | ''Чotyꝛiƌeꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|50
| |
| | 50
| |
| | ൪០
| |
| | ៤០
| |
| | ''Fifty''
| |
| | ''Pedesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|60
| |
| | 60
| |
| | ૬០
| |
| | ៦០
| |
| | ''Sixty''
| |
| | ''Шodesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|70
| |
| | 70
| |
| | ൭០
| |
| | ៧០
| |
| | ''Seventy''
| |
| | ''Sydemdesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|80
| |
| | 80
| |
| | ൮០
| |
| | ៨០
| |
| | ''Eighty''
| |
| | ''Өsemdesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|90
| |
| | 90
| |
| | ໙០
| |
| | ៩០
| |
| | ''Ninety''
| |
| | ''Đevedesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ↊0
| |
| | [[File:Dozenal_us_10.svg|7px|link=]]0
| |
| | ᚴ0
| |
| | ൰០
| |
| | —
| |
| | ''Tenty''
| |
| | ''Desedesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ↋0
| |
| | [[File:Dozenal_us_11.svg|7px|link=]]0
| |
| | ⵒ0
| |
| | ൯០
| |
| | —
| |
| | ''Elty''
| |
| | ''Hєledesaꞇ''
| |
| |}
| |
| ===Numbers 21-ⵒⵒ===
| |
| Regular numbers between 20 and 100 are made by the combination of the tens and units. The western (Haldenian) dialects, having been influenced by [[Gadorien|Gadori]] grammar, sometimes use a version with the conjunction interix ''"-a-"'' with a switched order. Here are some examples:
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !colspan="8"|Terms for all numbers below 100
| |
| |-
| |
| !colspan="2"|Symbol<br>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodecimal Dozenal])
| |
| ! Symbol<br>([[Zhousheng|Zhoushi]])
| |
| ! Symbol<br>([[Zhengia|Zhengian]])
| |
| ! Symbol<br>([[Prei Meas|Preimeai]])
| |
| ! Literal translation<br>([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Common])
| |
| ! Zhoushi term
| |
| ! Haldenian dialect
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|23
| |
| | 23
| |
| | ໒០
| |
| | ២០
| |
| | ''Twenty three''
| |
| | ''Dvaƌeꞇ tꝛi''
| |
| | ''Tꝛiadvaƌeꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|37
| |
| | 37
| |
| | ៣൭
| |
| | ៣៧
| |
| | ''Thirty seven''
| |
| | ''Tꝛiƌeꞇ sydem''
| |
| | ''Sydematꝛiƌeꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|41
| |
| | 41
| |
| | ૫១
| |
| | ៥១
| |
| | ''Fourty one''
| |
| | ''Чotyꝛiƌeꞇ oden''
| |
| | ''Odenaчotyꝛiƌeꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 5↊
| |
| | 5[[File:Dozenal_us_10.svg|7px|link=]]
| |
| | 5ᚴ
| |
| | ൪൰
| |
| | —
| |
| | ''Fifty ten''
| |
| | ''Pedesaꞇ deseꞇ''
| |
| | ''Deseꞇapedesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|66
| |
| | 66
| |
| | ૬૬
| |
| | ៦៦
| |
| | ''Sixty seven''
| |
| | ''Шodesaꞇ шosꞇ''
| |
| | ''Шosꞇaшodesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 7↋
| |
| | 7[[File:Dozenal_us_11.svg|7px|link=]]
| |
| | 7ⵒ
| |
| | ൭൯
| |
| | —
| |
| | ''Seventy el''
| |
| | ''Sydemdesaꞇ hєleꞇ''
| |
| | ''Hєleꞇasydemdesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|85
| |
| | 85
| |
| | ൮០
| |
| | ៨០
| |
| | ''Eighty five''
| |
| | ''Өsemdesaꞇ peꞇ''
| |
| | ''Peꞇaөsemdesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="2"|99
| |
| | 99
| |
| | ໙໙
| |
| | ៩៩
| |
| | ''Ninety nine''
| |
| | ''Đevedesaꞇ đeveꞇ''
| |
| | ''Đeveꞇađevedesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ↊4
| |
| | [[File:Dozenal_us_10.svg|7px|link=]]4
| |
| | ᚴ4
| |
| | ൰൪
| |
| | —
| |
| | ''Tenty four''
| |
| | ''Desedesaꞇ чotyꝛi''
| |
| | ''Чotyꝛiadesedesaꞇ''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ↋2
| |
| | [[File:Dozenal_us_11.svg|7px|link=]]2
| |
| | ⵒ2
| |
| | ൯០
| |
| | —
| |
| | ''Elty two''
| |
| | ''Hєledesaꞇ dva''
| |
| | ''Dvaadєledesaꞇ''
| |
| |}
| |
| ===Number past 100===
| |
| TBA
| |
| ===Inflection of numbers===
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !colspan="11"|Inflection table of numbers
| |
| |-
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Common]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative_case Nom.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genitive_case Gen.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dative_case Dat.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accusative_case Acc.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locative_case Loc.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_case Ins.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablative_case Abl.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocative_case Voc.]
| |
| ![https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_gender Gender]/[[wikipedia:Grammatical number|Number]]
| |
| !Notes
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="11" | Link to '''Singular''' genitive
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Zero
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Nula
| |
| |''Nuly
| |
| |''Nule
| |
| |''Nulu
| |
| |''Nule
| |
| |''Nulө
| |
| |''Nulө
| |
| |''Nulo!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Universal
| |
| |''Every form needs a noun in genitive, not in the restpective case
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Quarter
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Чoterꞇ
| |
| |''Чoterꞇi
| |
| |''Чoterꞇi
| |
| |''Чoterꞇ
| |
| |''Чoterꞇi
| |
| |''Чoterꞇī
| |
| |''Чoterꞇī
| |
| |''Чoterꞇi!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Universal
| |
| |''Used for example for "Quarter a bread" → "Чoterꞇ Ȝilaba"
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Half
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Pөl
| |
| |''Pөli
| |
| |''Pөli
| |
| |''Pөl
| |
| |''Pөli
| |
| |''Pөlī
| |
| |''Pөlī
| |
| |''Pөli!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Universal
| |
| |''Used for example for "Half a bread" → "Pөl Ȝilaba"
| |
| |-
| |
| <!--| style="text-align: center;" colspan="9" |''<small>Every other fraction uses -ina/-ꞇina suffix with the nominative form of the word (Tꝛi 3 → Tꝛiꞇina ⅓), inflection pattern "Ʒona" (Ʒ). If you have multiple fractions (Two thirds ⅔), inflect the fraction in plural form of Ʒ inflection as well as inflect the number (if you have less than 5 fractions) or inflect only the number and keep the fraction in genitive plural (if you have 5 or more fractions)</small>-->
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="11" | Link to '''Singular''' form of the noun
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 rowspan="3"|'''Other fractions
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''-(ꞇ)ina'''''<br><small>(suffix)</small>
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)iny
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)iƞe
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)inu
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)iƞe
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)inө
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)inөj
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)ino!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |''Used for fractions with number 1 in the numerator (example: ⅛ - Odna өsmina)
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''-(ꞇ)iny'''''<br><small>(suffix)</small>
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''-(ꞇ)in
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)inom
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)iny
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)ināȝ
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)ināmi
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)ināmi
| |
| |''-(ꞇ)iny!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''[[wikipedia:Grammatical number#Paucal|<span style="color: #000000">Paucal</span>]]'''<br><small>Plural</small>
| |
| |''Used for fractions with numbers 2-4 in the numerator (example: ⅜ - Tꝛi өsminy)
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 style="text-align: center;"|<!--'''{{Hover title|Form non-existent|✗}}-->—
| |
| |style="text-align: center;"|—
| |
| |style="text-align: center;"|—
| |
| |style="text-align: center;"|—
| |
| |style="text-align: center;"|—
| |
| |style="text-align: center;"|—
| |
| |style="text-align: center;"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |''Used for fractions with numbers 5-∞, all negatives and all non-[[wikipedia:Integer|integers]] in the numerator (example: ⅝ - Peꞇ өsmin). The fraction word is not inflected and remains in genitive
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 rowspan="4"|'''One
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Oden
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Odnœꚕo
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Odnœmu
| |
| |''Oden
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Odnœm
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Odƞīm
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Odƞīm
| |
| |''Oden!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Masculine
| |
| |rowspan="3"|
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Odno
| |
| |''Odno
| |
| |''Odno!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Neuter
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Odna
| |
| |''Odnē
| |
| |''Odnē
| |
| |''Odnu
| |
| |''Odnē
| |
| |''Odƞө̄
| |
| |''Odƞom
| |
| |''Odna!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Feminine
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Raz
| |
| |''Razu
| |
| |''Razu
| |
| |''Raz
| |
| |''Razu
| |
| |''Razœm
| |
| |''Razœm
| |
| |''Raze!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Universal
| |
| |''Term used in the west for "one" without a noun term, such as counting
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="11" | Link to '''Plural''' form of the noun
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 rowspan="2"|'''Two
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Dva
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Dvө
| |
| |''Dvөm
| |
| |''Dva
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Dvө
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Dvєma
| |
| |''Dvєma
| |
| |''Dva!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Masculine
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Old [[wikipedia:Dual (grammatical number)|dual]] noun terms might still pop up in this usage time to time
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Dvє
| |
| |''Dvєma
| |
| |''Dvє
| |
| |''Dvөma
| |
| |''Dvє!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Feminine + Neuter
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Three
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Tꝛi
| |
| |''Tꝛī<br>Tꝛeȝ
| |
| |''Tꝛem
| |
| |''Tꝛi
| |
| |''Tꝛeȝ
| |
| |''Tꝛema<br>Tꝛemi
| |
| |''Tꝛema<br>Tꝛemi
| |
| |''Tꝛi!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Universal
| |
| |''
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Four
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Чotyꝛi
| |
| |''Чotyꝛ
| |
| |''Чotyꝛem
| |
| |''Чotyꝛi
| |
| |''Чotyꝛeȝ
| |
| |''Чotyꝛema
| |
| |''Чotyꝛema
| |
| |''Чotyꝛi!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Universal
| |
| |''
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="11" | Link to '''Plural''' genitive
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Five
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Peꞇ
| |
| |''Peꞇi
| |
| |''Peꞇi
| |
| |''Peꞇ
| |
| |''Peꞇiȝ
| |
| |''Peꞇima<br>Peꞇimi
| |
| |''Peꞇima<br>Peꞇimi
| |
| |''Peꞇ!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Universal
| |
| |''Same inclension works for "Шosꞇ", "Đeveꞇ", "Deseꞇ", "Hєleꞇ" & "Ceλeꞇ" (6, 9, ᚴ (10), ⵒ (11), ᘐ (12/10))
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Seven
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Sydem
| |
| |''Sydmiȝ
| |
| |''Sydmi
| |
| |''Sydem
| |
| |''Sydmi
| |
| |''Sydmi
| |
| |''Sydmi
| |
| |''Sydîm!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Universal
| |
| |''Same inclension works for "Өsem" (8)
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Eleven
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Odenasꞇ
| |
| |''Odenasꞇi
| |
| |''Odenasꞇi
| |
| |''Odenasꞇ
| |
| |''Odenasꞇi
| |
| |''Odenasꞇiĵî
| |
| |''Odenasꞇiĵî
| |
| |''Odenasꞇ!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Universal
| |
| |''Same inclension works for all 1◌ numbers
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 rowspan="2"|'''Dozen
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Tuƌeꞇ
| |
| |''Tuƌtu
| |
| |''Tuƌtu
| |
| |''Tuƌeꞇ
| |
| |''Tuƌtu
| |
| |''Tuƌtœm
| |
| |''Tuƌtœm
| |
| |''Tuƌte!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Term "Tuƌeꞇ" a plural version for multiple dozens of something
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Tuƌty
| |
| |''Tuƌtū
| |
| |''Tuƌtœm
| |
| |''Tuƌty
| |
| |''Tuƌteȝ
| |
| |''Tuƌty
| |
| |''Tuƌty
| |
| |''Tuƌty!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Twenty
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Dvaƌeꞇ
| |
| |''Dvaƌeꞇi
| |
| |''Dvaƌeꞇi
| |
| |''Dvaƌeꞇ
| |
| |''Dvaƌeꞇîĵeȝ
| |
| |''Dvaƌeꞇi
| |
| |''Dvaƌeꞇi
| |
| |''Dvaƌeꞇ!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Universal
| |
| |''Same inclension works for all ◌0 numbers end with a suffix -eꞇ
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Fifty
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''''Pedesaꞇ
| |
| |''Pedesaꞇi
| |
| |''Pedesaꞇi
| |
| |''Pedesaꞇ
| |
| |''Pedesaꞇiȝ
| |
| |''Pedesaꞇi
| |
| |''Pedesaꞇi
| |
| |''Pedesaꞇiĵe!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Universal
| |
| |''Same inclension works for all ◌0 numbers end with a suffix -aꞇ
| |
| |}
| |
| ''Note: terms "Чoterꞇina" and "Pөloƿina" exist as well and are inflected as by the -(ꞇ)ina inflection
| |
| Here are following terms for mathematical symbols
| |
| {| class="wikitable sortle mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-datatable" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| ! Symbol
| |
| ! Zhoushi term
| |
| ! [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Common] translation
| |
| ! Note
| |
| |-
| |
| | =
| |
| | Jest rovno
| |
| | Is equal to
| |
| |''Note used for equation
| |
| |-
| |
| | ≈
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Bliʒi se
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Is approximate to
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Note used for approximation
| |
| |-
| |
| | ≐
| |
| |-
| |
| | +
| |
| | Plus<br>Aj
| |
| | Plus
| |
| |''Note used for addition
| |
| |-
| |
| | -
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Minus<br>Bez
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Minus
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Note used for subtraction
| |
| |-
| |
| | \
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⋅
| |
| |rowspan="3"|Krat
| |
| |rowspan="3"|Times
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Note used for multiplication
| |
| |-
| |
| | ×
| |
| |-
| |
| | *
| |
| |-
| |
| | :
| |
| |rowspan="3"|Đeleno
| |
| |rowspan="3"|Divided by
| |
| |rowspan="3"|''Note used for division
| |
| |-
| |
| | ÷
| |
| |-
| |
| | )̅ <ref>The notation a)̅b̅ symbolizes b÷a (see [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_(mathematics)#Notation notation on Wikipedia])</ref>
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⎷
| |
| | Fumocnina
| |
| | Root
| |
| |''Note used for roots
| |
| |-
| |
| | ^
| |
| | Na<br>Umocƞeno
| |
| | To the power of
| |
| |''Note used for exponentiation
| |
| |-
| |
| | ∧
| |
| |rowspan="2"| I
| |
| |rowspan="2"| And
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Note used for conjunction
| |
| |-
| |
| | ∩
| |
| |-
| |
| | ∨
| |
| |rowspan="2"| Anebo
| |
| |rowspan="2"| Or
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Note used for disjunction
| |
| |-
| |
| | ∪
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⊻
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Nebo
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Alternatively
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Note used for exclusive disjunction
| |
| |-
| |
| | ⩛
| |
| |-
| |
| | ∴
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Aj proto
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Therefore
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Symbol used in short notes to symbolize forward implication
| |
| |-
| |
| | →
| |
| |-
| |
| | ∵
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Ʒtobo
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Because
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Symbol used in short notes to symbolize backward implication
| |
| |-
| |
| | ←
| |
| |-
| |
| | ≡
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Jest totoʒny
| |
| |rowspan="2"|Is equivalent/identical to
| |
| |rowspan="2"|''Symbol used in short notes to symbolize equivalence
| |
| |-
| |
| | 🡘
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |''
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |''
| |
| |}
| |
| ==Verbs==
| |
| M = Masculine Animate, D = Masculine Inanimate, F = Feminine, N = Neuter, I = Indifferent
| |
| ===Verb "to be"===
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !<!-- style="text-align: center; background: #FFD3D3;"--> colspan="19" |Irregular verb "to be"
| |
| |-
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Infinite form
| |
| !colspan="4"|1<sup>st</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|2<sup>nd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|3<sup>rd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|[[wikipedia:Clusivity|4<sup>th</sup> person]]
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Number
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Literacy form
| |
| |-
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Present
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Bȳt
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jsem
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jsi
| |
| |colspan="4"|Je
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Common
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jsme
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jste
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jsө
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jsmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Bȳꞇi
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jesm
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jeseш
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jest
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Literary
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jesme
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jeste
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jsųt
| |
| |colspan="4"|Jesmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperfekt
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Byȝi
| |
| |colspan="4"|Bєȝ
| |
| |colspan="4"|Bєшę
| |
| |colspan="4"|Bєшeĵ
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Bєȝmo
| |
| |colspan="4"|Bєste
| |
| |colspan="4"|Bєȝų
| |
| |colspan="4"|Bєȝmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Perfektum
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="2"|Jsem byl
| |
| |Jsem byla
| |
| |Jsem bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Jsi byl
| |
| |Jsi byla
| |
| |Jsi bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byl
| |
| |Byla
| |
| |Bylo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Common
| |
| |-
| |
| |Jsme byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Jsme byly
| |
| |Jsme byla
| |
| |Jste byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Jste byly
| |
| |Jste byla
| |
| |Byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byly
| |
| |Byla
| |
| |Jsmy byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Jsmy byly
| |
| |Jsmy byla
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="2"|Jesm byl
| |
| |Jesm byla
| |
| |Jesm bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Jeseш byl
| |
| |Jeseш byla
| |
| |Jeseш bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|(Jest) byl
| |
| |(Jest) byla
| |
| |(Jest) bylo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Literary
| |
| |-
| |
| |Jesme byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Jesme byly
| |
| |Jesme byla
| |
| |Jeste byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Jeste byly
| |
| |Jeste byla
| |
| |Jsųt byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Jsųt byly
| |
| |Jsųt byla
| |
| |Jesmy byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Jesmy byly
| |
| |Jesmy byla
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Pluperfektum
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєȝ byl
| |
| |Bєȝ byla
| |
| |Bєȝ bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєшe byl
| |
| |Bєшe byla
| |
| |Bєшe bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєшeĵ/Bє byl
| |
| |Bєшeĵ/Bє byla
| |
| |Bєшeĵ/Bє bylo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Common
| |
| |-
| |
| |Bєȝmœ byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєȝmœ byly
| |
| |Bєȝmœ byla
| |
| |Bєste byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєste byly
| |
| |Bєste byla
| |
| |Bєȝųb byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєȝų byly
| |
| |Bєȝų byla
| |
| |Bєȝmy byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєȝmy byly
| |
| |Bєȝmy byla
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєȝ byl
| |
| |Bєȝ byla
| |
| |Bєȝ bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєшe byl
| |
| |Bєшe byla
| |
| |Bєшe bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєшeĵ/Bє byl
| |
| |Bєшeĵ/Bє byla
| |
| |Bєшeĵ/Bє bylo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Literary
| |
| |-
| |
| |Bєȝmœ byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєȝmœ byly
| |
| |Bєȝmœ byla
| |
| |Bєste byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєste byly
| |
| |Bєste byla
| |
| |Bєȝų byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєȝų byly
| |
| |Bєȝų byla
| |
| |Bєȝmy byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bєȝmy byly
| |
| |Bєȝmy byla
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Conditial present
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byȝ byl
| |
| |Byȝ byla
| |
| |Byȝ bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bys byl
| |
| |Bys byla
| |
| |Bys bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|By byl
| |
| |By byla
| |
| |By bylo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Common
| |
| |-
| |
| |Bysmœ byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bysmœ byly
| |
| |Bysmœ byla
| |
| |Byste byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byste byly
| |
| |Byste byla
| |
| |By byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|By byly
| |
| |By byla
| |
| |Bysmų byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bysmų byly
| |
| |Bysmų byla
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byȝ byl
| |
| |Byȝ byla
| |
| |Byȝ bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Bys byl
| |
| |Bys byla
| |
| |Bys bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|By byl
| |
| |By byla
| |
| |By bylo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Literary
| |
| |-
| |
| |Byȝmœ byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byȝmœ byly
| |
| |Byȝmœ byla
| |
| |Byste byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byste byly
| |
| |Byste byla
| |
| |Byȝų byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byȝų byly
| |
| |Byȝų byla
| |
| |Byȝmų byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byȝmų byly
| |
| |Byȝmų byla
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Conditial pluperfekt
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byl byȝ byl
| |
| |Byla byȝ byla
| |
| |Bylo byȝ bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byl bys byl
| |
| |Byla bys byla
| |
| |Bylo bys bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byl by byl
| |
| |Byl by byla
| |
| |Byl by bylo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Common
| |
| |-
| |
| |Byli bysmœ byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byly bysmœ byly
| |
| |Byla bysmœ byla
| |
| |Byli byste byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byly byste byly
| |
| |Byla byste byla
| |
| |Byli by byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byly by byly
| |
| |Byla by byla
| |
| |Byli bysmų byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byly bysmų byly
| |
| |Byla bysmų byla
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byl byȝ byl
| |
| |Byl byȝ byla
| |
| |Byl byȝ bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byl bys byl
| |
| |Byla bys byla
| |
| |Bylo bys bylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byl by byl
| |
| |Byla by byla
| |
| |Bylo by bylo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Literary
| |
| |-
| |
| |Byli byȝmœ byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byly byȝmœ byly
| |
| |Byla byȝmœ byla
| |
| |Byli byste byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byly byste byly
| |
| |Byla byste byla
| |
| |Byli byȝų byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byly byȝų byly
| |
| |Byly byȝų byla
| |
| |Byli byȝmų byli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Byly byȝmų byly
| |
| |Byla byȝmų byla
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Future
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Budi
| |
| |colspan="4"|Budu
| |
| |colspan="4"|Budeш
| |
| |colspan="4"|Bude
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Budemœ
| |
| |colspan="4"|Budete
| |
| |colspan="4"|Budө
| |
| |colspan="4"|Budemy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperative
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|Buđî!
| |
| |colspan="4"|Buđ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|Buđî!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Buđmœ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|Buđte!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|Buđmy!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |}
| |
| ===First conjugation===
| |
| First conjungtion: example verb: "Đelat" = "To do"
| |
| | |
| M = Masculine Animate, D = Masculine Inanimate, F = Feminine, N = Neuter, I = Indifferent
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !<!-- style="text-align: center; background: #FFFEAF;"--> colspan="19" |First conjugation, inflection pattern "Đelat"
| |
| |-
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Infinite form
| |
| !colspan="4"|1<sup>st</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|2<sup>nd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|3<sup>rd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|[[wikipedia:Clusivity|4<sup>th</sup> person]]
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Number
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Literacy form
| |
| |-
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Present
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Đelat
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelām
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelāш
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelā
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Common
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelāme
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelāte
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelajī
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelāmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-t
| |
| |colspan="4"|-◌̄m
| |
| |colspan="4"|-◌̄ш
| |
| |colspan="4"|-◌̄
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-◌̄me
| |
| |colspan="4"|-◌̄te
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jī
| |
| |colspan="4"|-◌̄my
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Đelaꞇi
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelajų
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelaješ
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelaję
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Literary
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelajemo
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelajetę
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelajųt
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelajemy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-ꞇi
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jų
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ješ
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ję
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jemo
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jetę
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jųt
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jemy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperfekt
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Đelaȝet
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelaȝ
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelaшę
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelaшeĵ
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelaȝmo
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelaste
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelaȝų
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelaȝmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-ȝet
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ȝ
| |
| |colspan="4"|-шę
| |
| |colspan="4"|-шeĵ
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ȝmo
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ste
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ȝų
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ȝmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Verbal base''' (Used for creation of perfect, pluperfect, future and conditial forms)
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Đelat''' <small>(common)''</small><br>'''''Đelaꞇi''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|Đelal
| |
| |Đelala
| |
| |Đelalo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Đelal
| |
| |Đelala
| |
| |Đelalo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Đelal
| |
| |Đelala
| |
| |Đelalo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |Đelali
| |
| |colspan="2"|Đelaly
| |
| |Đelala
| |
| |Đelali
| |
| |colspan="2"|Đelaly
| |
| |Đelala
| |
| |Đelali
| |
| |colspan="2"|Đelaly
| |
| |Đelala
| |
| |Đelali
| |
| |colspan="2"|Đelaly
| |
| |Đelala
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-t''' <small>(common)''</small><br>'''''-ꞇi''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|-l
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -lo
| |
| |colspan="2"|-l
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -lo
| |
| |colspan="2"|-l
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -lo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| | -li
| |
| |colspan="2"|-ly
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -li
| |
| |colspan="2"|-ly
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -li
| |
| |colspan="2"|-ly
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -li
| |
| |colspan="2"|-ly
| |
| | -la
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperative
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelaĵ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelaj!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelajmœ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelajtє!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|Đelajmy!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ĵ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|-j!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jmœ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jtє!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jmy!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |}
| |
| ===Second conjugation===
| |
| Second conjungtion: example verb: "Mȳt" = "To wash", with a secondary example for exceptions "Kupuvat" = "To buy"<!--, and a tertiary example for exceptions "Līt" = "To pour"-->
| |
| | |
| M = Masculine Animate, D = Masculine Inanimate, F = Feminine, N = Neuter, I = Indifferent
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !<!--style="text-align: center; background: #AFFFF5;"--> colspan="19" |Second conjugation, inflection pattern "Mȳt"
| |
| |-
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Infinite form
| |
| !colspan="4"|1<sup>st</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|2<sup>nd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|3<sup>rd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|[[wikipedia:Clusivity|4<sup>th</sup> person]]
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Number
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Literacy form
| |
| |-
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Present
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Mȳt
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjų
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjeш
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myje
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Common
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjemê
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjete
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjө
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjemy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-vat
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jų
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jeш
| |
| |colspan="4"|-je
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jemê
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jete
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jө
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jemy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Mȳꞇi
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myji
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjeш
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myje
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Literary
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjeme
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjete
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjī
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjemy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-ꞇi
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ji
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jeш
| |
| |colspan="4"|-je
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jeme
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jete
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jī
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jemy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperfekt
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Myjaȝet
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjaȝ
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjaшę
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjaшeĵ
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjaȝmœ
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjaste
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjaȝų
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjaȝmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-jaȝet
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jaȝ
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jaшę
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jaшeĵ
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jaȝmœ
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jaste
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jaȝų
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jaȝmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Verbal base''' (Used for creation of perfect, pluperfect, future and conditial forms)
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Mȳt''' <small>(common)''</small><br>'''''Mȳꞇi''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|Myl
| |
| |Myla
| |
| |Mylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Myl
| |
| |Myla
| |
| |Mylo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Myl
| |
| |Myla
| |
| |Mylo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |Myli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Myly
| |
| |Myla
| |
| |Myli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Myly
| |
| |Myla
| |
| |Myli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Myly
| |
| |Myla
| |
| |Myli
| |
| |colspan="2"|Myly
| |
| |Myla
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-t''' <small>(common)''</small><br>'''''-ꞇi''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|-l
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -lo
| |
| |colspan="2"|-l
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -lo
| |
| |colspan="2"|-l
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -lo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| | -li
| |
| |colspan="2"|-ly
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -li
| |
| |colspan="2"|-ly
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -li
| |
| |colspan="2"|-ly
| |
| | -la
| |
| | -li
| |
| |colspan="2"|-ly
| |
| | -la
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperative
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myĵ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myj!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjmœ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjtє!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|Myjmy!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ĵ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|-j!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jmœ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jtє!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jmy!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |}
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !<!--style="text-align: center; background: #AFFFF5;"--> colspan="19" |Second conjugation, -va inflection pattern "Kupuvat"
| |
| |-
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Infinite form
| |
| !colspan="4"|1<sup>st</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|2<sup>nd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|3<sup>rd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|[[wikipedia:Clusivity|4<sup>th</sup> person]]
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Number
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Literacy form
| |
| |-
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Present
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Kupuvat
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujų
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujeш
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuje
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Common
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujemê
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujete
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujө
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujemy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-vat
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jų
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jeш
| |
| |colspan="4"|-je
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jemê
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jete
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jө
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jemy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Kupuvaꞇi
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuji
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujeш
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuje
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Literary
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujeme
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujete
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujī
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujemy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-vaꞇi
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ji
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jeш
| |
| |colspan="4"|-je
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jeme
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jete
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jī
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jemy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperfekt
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Kupuȝet
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuȝ
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuшę
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuшeĵ
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuȝmo
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuste
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuȝų
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuȝmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-ȝet
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ȝ
| |
| |colspan="4"|-шę
| |
| |colspan="4"|-шeĵ
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ȝmo
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ste
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ȝų
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ȝmy
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Verbal base''' (Used for creation of perfect, pluperfect, future and conditial forms)
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''Kupuvat''' <small>(common)''</small><br>'''''Kupuvaꞇi''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|Kupuval
| |
| |Kupuvala
| |
| |Kupuvalo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Kupuval
| |
| |Kupuvala
| |
| |Kupuvalo
| |
| |colspan="2"|Kupuval
| |
| |Kupuvala
| |
| |Kupuvalo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |Kupuvali
| |
| |colspan="2"|Kupuvaly
| |
| |Kupuvala
| |
| |Kupuvali
| |
| |colspan="2"|Kupuvaly
| |
| |Kupuvala
| |
| |Kupuvali
| |
| |colspan="2"|Kupuvaly
| |
| |Kupuvala
| |
| |Kupuvali
| |
| |colspan="2"|Kupuvaly
| |
| |Kupuvala
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-vat''' <small>(common)''</small><br>'''''-vaꞇi''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|-val
| |
| | -vala
| |
| | -valo
| |
| |colspan="2"|-val
| |
| | -vala
| |
| | -valo
| |
| |colspan="2"|-val
| |
| | -vala
| |
| | -valo
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| | -vali
| |
| |colspan="2"|-valy
| |
| | -valo
| |
| | -vali
| |
| |colspan="2"|-valy
| |
| | -valo
| |
| | -vali
| |
| |colspan="2"|-valy
| |
| | -valo
| |
| | -vali
| |
| |colspan="2"|-valy
| |
| | -valo
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperative
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuĵ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupuj!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujmœ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujtє!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|Kupujmy!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-ĵ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|-j!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jmœ!
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jtє!
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-jmy!
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |}
| |
| ===Third conjugation===
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !<!--style="text-align: center; background: #AFC1FF;"--> colspan="19" |Third conjugation, inflection pattern ""
| |
| |-
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Infinite form
| |
| !colspan="4"|1<sup>st</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|2<sup>nd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|3<sup>rd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|[[wikipedia:Clusivity|4<sup>th</sup> person]]
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Number
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Literacy form
| |
| |-
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Present
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Common
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Literary
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperfekt
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Verbal base''' (Used for creation of perfect, pluperfect, future and conditial forms)
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|''''' ''' <small>(common)''</small><br>''''' ''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-''' <small>(common)''</small><br>'''''-''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperative
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |}
| |
| ===Fourth conjugation===
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !<!--style="text-align: center; background: #D2AFFF;"--> colspan="19" |Fourth conjugation, inflection pattern ""
| |
| |-
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Infinite form
| |
| !colspan="4"|1<sup>st</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|2<sup>nd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|3<sup>rd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|[[wikipedia:Clusivity|4<sup>th</sup> person]]
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Number
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Literacy form
| |
| |-
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Present
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Common
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Literary
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperfekt
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Verbal base''' (Used for creation of perfect, pluperfect, future and conditial forms)
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|''''' ''' <small>(common)''</small><br>''''' ''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-''' <small>(common)''</small><br>'''''-''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperative
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |}
| |
| ===Fifth conjugation===
| |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !<!--style="text-align: center; background: #FFD1AF;"--> colspan="19" |Fifth conjugation, inflection pattern ""
| |
| |-
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Infinite form
| |
| !colspan="4"|1<sup>st</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|2<sup>nd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|3<sup>rd</sup> person
| |
| !colspan="4"|[[wikipedia:Clusivity|4<sup>th</sup> person]]
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Number
| |
| !rowspan="2"|Literacy form
| |
| |-
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| !M
| |
| !D
| |
| !F
| |
| !N+I
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Present
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Common
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Literary
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperfekt
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Verbal base''' (Used for creation of perfect, pluperfect, future and conditial forms)
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|''''' ''' <small>(common)''</small><br>''''' ''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|'''''-''' <small>(common)''</small><br>'''''-''' <small>(literary)</small>
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| | -
| |
| |colspan="2"|-
| |
| | -
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="text-align: center; background: #A3B6BF;" colspan="19" | '''Imperative
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="4"|'''Universal
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5 rowspan="2"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Singular
| |
| |-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |colspan="4"|—
| |
| |colspan="4"|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#F5F5F5|'''Plural
| |
| |}
| |
| ===Repetitivety===
| |
| TBA
| |
| ===Questions===
| |
| TBA
| |
| ==Adverbia==
| |
| [[wikipedia:Adverb]] TBA
| |
| ==Prepositions==
| |
| TBA
| |
| ==Conjunctions==
| |
| TBA
| |
| ==Particles==
| |
| TBA
| |
| ==Interjections==
| |
| TBA
| |
| =Language examples= | | =Language examples= |
| ===[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer Lord's prayer]=== | | ===[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer Lord's prayer]=== |
Line 4,456: |
Line 737: |
| {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" | | {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" |
| ! Zhoushi term | | ! Zhoushi term |
| ! [[Zhoushi language#Grammatical inflection|Inf. code]] | | ! [[Zhoushi grammar#Grammatical inflection|Inf. code]] |
| ! [[wikipedia:English language|Common]] term | | ! [[wikipedia:English language|Common]] term |
| ! Important note | | ! Important note |