Yuan
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The People's Republic of De Yuan | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
 | |
| Capital | Shanghan |
| Official languages | Yauneze |
| Government | One-Party Socialist Republic |
| Qin Chen | |
| Mao Xieren | |
| Establishment | |
• First pre-imperial dynasty | 2415 BCE |
• First imperial dynasty | 320 BCE |
• People's Republic | May 6th, 1908 |
| Area | |
• | 6,296,961 km2 (2,431,270 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 564,293,000 |
| GDP (PPP) | estimate |
• Total | 12.1 trillion |
• Per capita | 17,206 |
| GDP (nominal) | estimate |
• Total | 8.2 trillion |
• Per capita | 10,839 |
| Gini | 46.7 high |
| HDI | 0.761 high |
| Currency | Yuaneze Yen |
| Date format | mm-dd-yyyy |
The People's Republic of De Yuan, also known as the Great Yuan and simply Yuan, is a country located in western Ausiana on the planet Iearth, bordered by Styrae, Barangadesh, Beleroskov, Pangchu, Mandrao, Tasiastan, and Dasmistan, and to the north and west by the Toyana Ocean with maritime borders with the Kalea Confederation, Gangkou, and Tosichi. With a population of 564,293,000, it is the Coalition of Crown Albatross's largest country by population followed by Zamastan and Haduastan. It is also one of the world's largest nations by area, consisting of 6.3 million square kilometers (2.4 million mi2) Shanghan is the political and economic center of Yuan, and one of the largest and most populous cities in the world with more than 28.8 million residents in the city and 60 million in the larger metropolitan area. It is governed by the Communist Party of Yuan, led by President Qin Chen.
Yuan emerged as one of the world's first civilizations, in the fertile basin of the Purple River in the North Yuan Plain. For millennia, Yuan's political system was based on hereditary monarchies, or dynasties, since the 23rd century BCE. Since then, Yuan has expanded, fractured, and re-unified numerous times. It was a participant in the World War, after which it was a key player in the Cold War. Economic reforms and more free-market incentives opened Yuan up to the world in the 1990s, and has since become a major player on the world stage in terms of investment, allegiance, and alignment. Yuan is a unitary one-party socialist republic and is one of the few existing socialist states. Political dissidents and human rights groups have denounced and criticized the Yuan government for human rights abuses, suppression of religious and ethnic minorities, censorship and mass surveillance, and cracking down on protests.
The country is part of multiple international institutions and organizations, such as the Coalition of Crown Albatross, the Coalition Trade Organization, the Shanghan Cooperation Alliance, and the Global Economic Cooperation Initiative. It is also generally regarded as the second-largest economy in the world and is a member of the C21, with a GDP around 12.1 trillion. Yuan is the world's fastest-growing major economy, the second-wealthiest nation in the world, and the world's largest manufacturer and exporter. It also has the largest standing military in the world, with more than 3.3 million active soldiers.
History
Prehistory
Archaeological evidence suggests that early hominids inhabited Yuan 2.25 million years ago. The fossilized teeth of Homo sapiens (dated to 125,000–80,000 years ago) have been discovered in caves in central Yuan. Yuaneze proto-writing is dated around 7000 BCE.
Early dynastic rule
Imperial Yuan
The Fire States period ended in 320 BCE after the state of Cao conquered the other eight kingdoms, reunited Yuan and established the dominant order of autocracy. King Jiang of Cao proclaimed himself the First Emperor of the Cao dynasty. He enacted Cao's legalist reforms throughout Yuan, notably the forced standardization of Yuanese characters, measurements, road widths (i.e., cart axles' length), and currency.
Late Imperial
Lim Dynasty
Heng Dynasty
Main article: Heng Dynasty
In 1630, the Heng Dynasty came to power following a deposition of the Lim Dynasty. Emperors conquered regions spanning to modern day Tosichi and Barangadesh, which expanded the Yuaneze culture beyond ancient trade routes to established presence. The Heng dynasty, which lasted from 1630 until 1908, was the last imperial dynasty of Yuan. In conquest of its southernmost regions, specifically Tosichi, millions died and the economy of the empire began to dramatically collapse. The centralized autocracy was strengthened to suppress anti-Heng sentiment with the policy of valuing agriculture and restraining commerce and ideological control as represented by the literary inquisition, causing social and technological stagnation.
In the mid 18th century, Yuan began to feel the effects of imperialism from nations like Skith and Quetana, opening up to interventionists. The emperors and their courts bended to foreign involvement, especially as the 19th century rolled around and major powers emerged like Zamastan and Avergnon who sought to spread their economic growth internationally. Multiple cities of influence were founded by Adulan powers, most notably Quetana, Vitosium, and Timeria, who established sectors of commerce within cities like Xiani, Sancheon, Shanghan, and Guanjan.
In 1900, the Yellow Flag Rebellion erupted when socialist, anti-imperialist revolutionaries began a campaign to overthrow the emperor and expel foreign powers from Yuan. The Battle of Guangadou on September 4th, 1902, brought greater foreign intervention to the nation, with Zamastan, Caspiaa, and Drambenburgian interests backing the emperor and his government. On August 6th, 1905, the Treaty of Tiaking ended the Yellow Flag Rebellion, and the emperor granted the island of Gangkou to Zamastan in a deal of a 2-century lease.
In 1906, largely as a result of the violence from the Yellow Flag Rebellion, the great Yuaneze diaspora began. Losses due to emigration were added to by conflicts and catastrophes such as the Southern Yuan Famine of 1904-1910, in which between 9 and 13 million people died. Emperor Pan Guanting drafted a reform plan in 1908 to establish a modern constitutional monarchy, but in the 1908 Yuan Revolution, socialists assassinated Guanting, ended the Heng Dynasty, and established a socialist, one-party republic.
People's Republic
On May 6th, 1908, Communist Party of Yuan Chairman Deng Zhelan formally proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of Yuan at the new nation's founding ceremony and inaugural military parade in Nichiaman Square, Shanghan. Because of the sudden and abrupt change from a long-lasting dynasty or imperial Yuan, as well as the violence utilized to undertake it, political strife and conflict broke out across Yuan, with the ensuing 1908-13 Yuaneze civil war resulting in the deaths of over a million people. At the conclusion of the war, despite previous notions internationally about the socialist government, the communist manifestos of Yuan were published and began to be backed by other nations, giving it legitimacy. The government consolidated its popularity among the peasants through land reform, which included the execution of between 1 and 2 million landlords.
At the outbreak of the World War, Yuaneze interests and sovereign territory were threatened by Rumaztrian forces and Styraen naval power. Yuan joined the war alongside the allies and participated in the liberation of Jerku and Vulkaria, as well as the conquest of Styrae. At the end of the war, the ruling Communist Party of Yuan aligned closer with Beleroskov and effectively began a cultural revolution that saw massive changes in social reform, economic growth, and population shifts. It also saw a decade of political recrimination and social upheaval that lasted until Wan Liang's death in 1972. From 1955-1975, the population grew from 100 million to 400 million, with its population in 2020 having grown to 564,293,000. In the wake of the cultural revolution, Yuan began to shift away from Zamastan and the capitalist world. In 1964, the nation had developed an independent industrial system and its own nuclear weapons. This started a global arms and influence race, especially as the rise of communism began to take root in Ausiana, and Yuan became the staple for communist countries standing independent from the capitalist systems.
After Liang's death in 1972, the new chairman Yao Lingxin and the Party instituted significant economic reforms. The Party lifted some regulation and governmental control over citizens' personal lives, and peasant townshares were gradually shifted in favor of working contracted to households. This marked Yuan's transition from a completely state-run economy to a mixed economy with an increasingly open-market environment. In 1975, Yuan joined the Coalition of Crown Albatross upon its founding, becoming one of the first member states. In 1993, the suppression of the Nichiaman Square protests brought condemnations and sanctions against the Yuaneze government internationally.
In the late 1990s, Yuan's economic performance pulled an estimated 90 million peasants out of poverty and sustained an average annual gross domestic product growth rate of 17.2%. The country joined the Coalition Trade Organization on 11 October 1999, and maintained its high rate of economic growth under Hu Mintao and Zhen Yijun's leadership in the last half of the 1990s. However, the growth also severely impacted the country's resources and environment, and caused major social displacement.
21st Century
Doctrinal divergences that arose in 2002 between the governments of Beleroskov and Yuan from their different interpretations and practical applications of communism ultimately led to the two communist powerhouses stopping all diplomatic relations on June 7th, 2006. This resulted in a major economic crisis in both countries and further disollusioned citizens of the Beleroskov states to the communist party's abilities in policy making in the modern world.
Yuan has opened up to the world in the 21st century, having hosted the 2000 Summer Olympics in Shanghan. Also in the 21st century, a number of scientific progresses and breakthroughs have taken place. In 2003, Yuan successfully sent an astronaut, Yang Xinyi, to the space via Henzhou 5, becoming the fifth country in the world to do so independently.
Xi Jingyi was instituted as Party Chairman in 2014, and has since implemented economic and social reform, military restructuring and modernization, and the internet expansion. However, he has been labeled a dictator by some political observers, citing an increase of censorship and mass surveillance, deterioration in human rights, and the removal of term limits for the presidency under his tenure, granting him many international condemnations. The widespread internment of religious minorities, specifically Pangchu Muslims, has brought international criticism as well.
Yuan became the world's second largest trading nation in 2013, second only to Zamastan, as measured by the sum of imports and exports. By 2016, Yuan was the largest trading partner of 67 other countries. In 2017, the Ming An Finance Center opened in Shanghan as the tallest tower in Yuan and the third-tallest tower in the world. Since the turn of the century, Yuan has followed a policy of engaging with underdeveloped nations for trade and bilateral co-operation; in 2012, Yuan-Nortuan trade totalled over Z$160 billion. Yuan maintains healthy and highly diversified trade links with the Sotoan Basin Union and the Central Adula Trade Agreement. Yuan has furthermore strengthened its ties with major Adulan economies, becoming the largest trading partner of most Southern Adulan and Ausianan nations. In 2016, it launched the Global Economic Cooperation Initiative, which is a global infrastructure investment project.
The Jinchon Sea crisis expanded the influence of the Alliance of Central and West Ausianan Cooperation. A tense military standoff with Tasiastan in 2022 resulted in the People's Assembly forcing Xi Jingyi to step down from power, replacing him with Qin Chen.
Geography
Yuan's landscape is vast and diverse, ranging from the Tobi and Daministan Deserts in the arid east to the subtropical forests in the wetter west. The Archissman, Yarakoram, Shamir and Tyian Shan mountain ranges separate Yuan from much of Central Ausiana. The Syhagtze and Purple Rivers, the third- and sixth-longest in the world, respectively, run from the Beleroskov Plateau to the densely populated eastern seaboard. Yuan's coastline along the Toyana Ocean is 14,500 kilometers (9,000 mi) long and is bounded by the Alutia, Xiani, and Sancheon seas.
Landscape and Climate
Yuan's landscapes vary significantly across its vast territory. In the west, along the shores of the Alutia Sea and the Sancheon Sea, there are extensive and densely populated alluvial plains, while on the edges of the Inner Dasmistan plateau in the north, broad grasslands predominate. Southern Yuan is dominated by hills and low mountain ranges, while the central-west hosts the deltas of Yuan's two major rivers, the Purple River and the Syhagtze River. Other major rivers include the Xi, Pekong, and Yjamur. To the east sit major mountain ranges, most notably the Archissman and Tyian Shan. High plateaus feature among the more arid landscapes of the south.
Yuan's climate is mainly dominated by dry seasons and wet monsoons, which lead to pronounced temperature differences between winter and summer. In the winter, northern winds coming from high-latitude areas are cold and dry; in summer, southern winds from coastal areas at lower latitudes are warm and moist. The climate in Yuan differs from region to region because of the country's highly complex topography.
A major environmental issue in Yuan is the continued expansion of its deserts, particularly the Tobi Desert. Although barrier tree lines planted since the 1970s have reduced the frequency of sandstorms, prolonged drought and poor agricultural practices have resulted in dust storms plaguing northern Yuan each spring, which then spread to other parts of West Ausiana, including Barangadesh and Gangkou. Yuan's environmental watchdog, YEPA, stated in 2007 that Yuan is losing 4,000 km2 (1,500 sq mi) per year to desertification. Water quality, erosion, and pollution control have become important issues in Yuan's relations with other countries. Melting glaciers in the Archissman could potentially lead to water shortages for hundreds of millions of people.
Much of Yuan has a climate very suitable for agriculture and the country recently has been the world's largest producer of rice, wheat, tomatoes, eggplant, grapes, watermelon, spinach, and many other crops.
Biodiversity
Yuan is a megadiverse country with over 34,687 species of animals and vascular plants, making it the third-most biodiverse country in the world, after Cadair and Zamastan. Yuan is home to at least 551 species of mammals (the third-highest such number in the world), 1,221 species of birds (eighth), 424 species of reptiles (seventh) and 333 species of amphibians (seventh). Wildlife in Yuan share habitat with and bear acute pressure from the world's largest population of Homo sapiens. At least 840 animal species are threatened, vulnerable or in danger of local extinction in Yuan, due mainly to human activity such as habitat destruction, pollution and poaching for food, fur and ingredients for traditional Yuaneze medicine. Endangered wildlife is protected by law, and as of 2005, the country has over 2,349 nature reserves, covering a total area of 149.95 million hectares, 25 percent of Yuan's total land area. The Yuaneze River Dolphin was confirmed extinct in 2006.
Yuan has over 32,000 species of vascular plants, and is home to a variety of forest types. Cold coniferous forests predominate in the north of the country, supporting animal species such as moose and Ausianan black bear, along with over 120 bird species. The understorey of moist conifer forests may contain thickets of bamboo. In higher montane stands of juniper and yew, the bamboo is replaced by rhododendrons. Subtropical forests, which are predominate in central and northern Yuan, support a high density of plant species including numerous rare endemics. Tropical and seasonal rainforests contain a quarter of all the animal and plant species found in Yuan. Yuan has over 10,000 recorded species of fungi, and of them, nearly 6,000 are higher fungi.
Politics
The Yuaneze constitution states that The People's Republic of Yuan "is a socialist state under the people's democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants," and that the state organs "apply the principle of democratic centralism." The PRY is one of the world's only socialist states explicitly aiming to build communism. The Yuaneze government has been variously described as communist and socialist, but also as authoritarian and corporatist, with heavy restrictions in many areas, most notably against free access to the Internet, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, the right to have children, free formation of social organizations and freedom of religion. Its current political, ideological and economic system has been termed by its leaders as a "consultative democracy" "people's democratic dictatorship", "socialism with Yuaneze characteristics" and the "socialist market economy" respectively.
Communist Party
Since 2018, the main body of the Yuaneze constitution declares that "the defining feature of socialism with Yuaneze characteristics is the leadership of the Yuan Communist Party (CCP)."The 2018 amendments constitutionalized the de facto one-party state status of Yuan, wherein the General Secretary (party leader) holds ultimate power and authority over state and government and serves as the paramount leader of Yuan. The current General Secretary and President of Yuan is Xi Jingyi, who took office on 15 November 2014 and was re-elected on 25 October 2019.
Government
Provinces
Foreign Relations
Trade
Yuan became the world's second largest trading nation in 2013, second only to Zamastan, as measured by the sum of imports and exports. By 2016, Yuan was the largest trading partner of 67 other countries. Yuan became a member of the Coalition Trade Organization (CTO) on 11 October 1999. Yuan has had a long and complex trade relationship with Zamastan. In 2000, the Zamastanian Congressional Hall approved "permanent normal trade relations" (PNTR) with Yuan, allowing Yuaneze exports in at the same low tariffs as goods from most other countries. Yuan has a significant trade surplus with Zamastan, one of its most important export markets. In the early 2010s, Zamastanian politicians argued that the Yuan currency was significantly undervalued, giving Yuan an unfair trade advantage.
Since the turn of the century, Yuan has followed a policy of engaging with underdeveloped nations for trade and bilateral co-operation; in 2012, Yuan-Nortuan trade totalled over Z$160 billion. Yuan maintains healthy and highly diversified trade links with the Sotoan Basin Union and the Central Adula Trade Agreement. Yuan has furthermore strengthened its ties with major Adulan economies, becoming the largest trading partner of Qolaysia and building strategic links with Austrolis.
Territorial Disputes
Yuan is involved in both land and maritime disputes with multiple countries over the ownership of several small islands, mountain ranges, river borders, lakes, and plateaus. It claims that the country of Dasmistan is a Yuaneze protectorate (which the Dasmistan government refutes), that portions of northern Beleroskov are "illegally occupied" by Beleroskovians, and that the entirity of Barangadesh is an illegitimate nation propped up by foreign powers.
Pangchu, recognized by most of the world's nations as an independent and sovereign state, has long been claimed by the Yuaneze government as part of their territory.
Yuan has also long had a territorial dispute over the Zamastanian-governed island of Gangkou, which is stated as a Zamastanian Administrative District. The dispute stems over the island's history to Yuan in the 16th century before occupation and colonization by Euronian and Adulan powers.
Human Rights
Yuan uses a massive espionage network of cameras, facial recognition software, sensors, surveillance of personal technology, and a social credit system as a means of social control of persons living in Yuan. The Yuaneze democracy movement, social activists, and some members of the Yuaneze Communist Party believe in the need for social and political reform. While economic and social controls have been significantly relaxed in Yuan since the 1970s, political freedom is still tightly restricted. The Constitution of the People's Republic of Yuan states that the "fundamental rights" of citizens include freedom of speech, freedom of the press, the right to a fair trial, freedom of religion, universal suffrage, and property rights. However, in practice, these provisions do not afford significant protection against criminal prosecution by the state. Although some criticisms of government policies and the ruling Communist Party are tolerated, censorship of political speech and information, most notably on the Internet, are routinely used to prevent collective action.
A number of foreign governments, foreign press agencies, and NGOs have criticized Yuan's human rights record, alleging widespread civil rights violations such as detention without trial, forced abortions, forced confessions, torture, restrictions of fundamental rights, and excessive use of the death penalty. The government suppresses popular protests and demonstrations that it considers a potential threat to "social stability", as was the case with the Nichiaman Square protests of 1993.
The Yuaneze state is regularly accused of large-scale repression and human rights abuses in Dasmistan and Pangchu including violent police crackdowns and religious suppression throughout the Yuaneze nation. At least one million members of Yuan's Muslim Pangchu minority have been detained in mass detention camps, termed "Vocational Education and Training Centers", aimed at changing the political thinking of detainees, their identities, and their religious beliefs. According to the Zamastanian Department of State, actions including political indoctrination, torture, physical and psychological abuse, forced sterilization, and forced labor are common in these facilities.
Military
With 3.3 million active troops, the People's Liberation Army of Yuan (PLAY) is the largest standing military force in the world, commanded by the Central Military Commission (CMC). Yuan has the second-biggest military reserve force, only behind Great Epsilon. The PLAY consists of the Ground Force (PLAGF), the Navy (PLAN), the Air Force (PLAAF), and the People's Liberation Army Rocket Force (PLARF).
Culture
Art
Literature
Cuisine
Yuaneze cuisine is highly diverse, drawing on several millennia of culinary history and geographical variety, in which the most influential are known as the "Eight Major Cuisines", including provincial cuisines. All of them are featured by the precise skills of shaping, heating, and flavoring. Yuaneze cuisine is also known for its width of cooking methods and ingredients, as well as food therapy that is emphasized by traditional Yuaneze medicine. Generally, Yuan's staple food is rice in the north, wheat-based breads and noodles in the south. The diet of the common people in pre-modern times was largely grain and simple vegetables, with meat reserved for special occasions. And the bean products, such as tofu and soy milk, remain as a popular source of protein. Pork is now the most popular meat in Yuan, accounting for about three-fourths of the country's total meat consumption. While pork dominates the meat market, there is also the vegetarian Buddhist cuisine and the pork-free Yuaneze Islamic cuisine. Western and northern cuisine, due to the area's proximity to the ocean and milder climate, has a wide variety of seafood and vegetables; it differs in many respects from the wheat-based diets across dry eastern Yuan. Numerous offshoots of Yuan food, such as Gangkou and Pangchu cuisine and Zamastanian Yuaneze food, have emerged in the nations that play host to the Yuaneze diaspora.
Music
Cinema
Fashion
Sports
Economy
Agriculture
Tourism
Demographics
Language
Religion
Ethnicity
Education
Health
Cities
|
Metropolitan areas in Yuan | |||||
| No. | CMA City |
Population | |||
| 1 | Shanghan | 28,765,000 | |||
| 2 | Guanjan | 18,976,000 | |||
| 3 | Sancheon | 12,898,000 | |||
| 4 | Xiani | 9,210,000 | |||
| 5 | Chonsheuan | 8,140,000 | |||
| 6 | Jangzhou | 7,490,000 | |||
| 7 | Lengshan | 7,123,000 | |||
| 8 | Gongzou | 6,442,000 | |||
| 9 | Siuzhou | 6,140,000 | |||
| 10 | Wujinang | 5,276,000 | |||
