Nirala

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Council Republic of Nirala
ਕੌਂਸਲਾਗਣਰਾਜ ਨਿਰਾਲਾ (Nirali)
Kaunsalagaṇrāj Nirālā
Motto: "Samājavāda, Sutataratā, Khuśahālī"
ਸਮਾਜਵਾਦ ਸੁਤਰਤਾ ਖੁਸ਼ਹਾਲੀ
("Socialism, Liberty, Prosperity")
Anthem: "Iṭaranaiśanala"
National Cockade
File:National Cockade of Nirala.svg
File:Nirala orthographic map.png
Location of  Nirala  (dark green)

in Coius  (dark grey)

CapitalAmit Rahul Sidhu City
WMA button2b.png 9°89'S 123°29'W
Largest cityAsapur
WMA button2b.png 9°92'S 124°40'W
Official languagesNirali
Ethnic groups
(2021)[2]
Religion
(2021)[2]
Demonym(s)Nirali
GovernmentUnitary socialist council republic
• Presidium
LegislatureGeneral Congress
Area
• Total
251,678 km2 (97,173 sq mi)[3][b]
• Water (%)
5.9[5]
Population
• 2023 estimate
Neutral increase 237,520,000[6][b]
• 2021 census
Neutral increase 236,301,792[2][b]
• Density
938.91/km2 (2,431.8/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2021 estimate
• Total
Increase €2.609 trillion[7]
• Per capita
Increase €11,041[7]
GDP (nominal)2021 estimate
• Total
Increase €1.177 trillion[7]
• Per capita
Increase €4,982[7]
Gini (2022)Positive decrease 24.8[8]
low
HDI (2022)Increase 0.781[8]
high
CurrencyNirali sika (ਸੀ) (NIS)
Time zoneUTC-2 (Nirala Standard Time)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (CE)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+61
ISO 3166 code[[Wikipedia:ISO 3166-2:ES|ES]]
Internet TLD.ni
.ਨਿਰਾਲਾ

Nirala (Nirali: ਨਿਰਾਲਾ, Nirālā), officially the Council Republic of Nirala (Nirali: ਕੌਂਸਲਾਗਣਰਾਜ ਨਿਰਾਲ, Kaunsalagaṇrāj Nirālā) and sometimes known as Niraladesa (Nirali: ਨਿਰਲਾਦੇਸ਼ਾ, Nirālādēśa), is a country in Satria centred on the Bashurat Delta. It borders ??? to the north, Mahayala to the east, Ansan to the south and Padaratha to the west. Its southwestern boundary is defined by the Bay of Bashurat. Nirala controls the eastern half of Mahtala, which is disputed with Padaratha.[4] Nirala has a total land area of 251,678 km2 (97,173 sq mi), a population of 236 million in 2021 and a population density of 938.91/km2 (2,431.8/sq mi), meaning that it is the most densely-populated country in the world and the third-most populous.[2][3][b] Nirala is unitary socialist council republic.[9] The Nirali population is concentrated on the nation's coastline and the banks of the Bashurat River, which is home to the largest city and economic hub of Asapur, the world's third-largest city.[6] Other major cities include Kilapur, Divara, Navapur, Ragapur and the planned capital city of Amit Rahul Sidhu City, situated further inland.[10]

The land comprising modern Nirala has a long history of human habitation from the Neolithic era onwards, including the Bashurat River civilisation, one of the early civilisations of the Bronze Age.[11] This was followed by the proto-Tamkari Nir tribe and the Vedic Nira Kingdom, which was the last independent Nirali polity for over a millennium. Zohism was introduced to the region under the Chakela Empire and quickly became the dominant religion. Following the Chakela, the region was ruled by the tbd Chakela successor state and the Tauma Kingdom, then came under the influence of the Tao dynasty and finally was controlled by the tbd Jurchen state. The 14th century ushered in a golden age known as the Good Hundred Years as a confederacy of local merchant kings flourished, but the region was again conquered in the 15th century by the Ansene Empire, before coming under the control of the Togoti Khaganate and the Canavāraj in the 17th century. Nirala became a major mercantile hub in this time, with an economic boom and the defeat of the Navapati allowing for the spread of Nirali culture throughout the Bay of Bashurat. The region regained its independence in 1787 during the collapse of the Canavāraj, and became a centre of Euclean trade into Satria. The right to trade with Nirala became a major geopolitical issue, leading to the Spice Wars which saw Etruria granted exclusive access over Estmere. Etrurian dominance led to extensive deurbanisation and deindustrialisation, and the region came under direct Etrurian control in 1864 following the Princely Mutiny, first as the Province of the Neral and then as part of Satria Etruriana. Etrurian rule led to the emergence of a modern Nirali national identity and a cultural renaissance.

In 1946, after a period of partisan resistance during the Solarian War, Nirala was granted independence as part of a wider federation comprising the former Satria Etruriana. The rise of Nirali nationalism, opposition to the confessional nature of the new state and fears of northern domination all culminated in the election of the Nirali Section of the Workers' International led by Amit Rahul Sidhu to the provincial government and the outbreak of the successful Nirali War for Independence. The new state declared in 1951 was the first council republic in Satria.[12] Territorial disputes with neighbouring Padaratha led to the outbreak of the Mahtala War in 1968, which was ended by a Community of Nations intervention in 1970 and is now regarded as a frozen conflict. The country was dominated by the Nirali Section of the Workers' International, which was criticised for the periodic repression of Zohist clergy, until the shift to pluralist non-partisan politics in the 1990s, which also saw the emergence of the unique Nirala model of economic development.

Nirala is a middle power on the world stage, with the world's eighth-largest standing armed forces. Nirala is considered a developing country, but on many metrics such as HDI and education it ranks as developed. It has the world's tbd-largest economy by nominal GDP and the tbd-largest by PPP. It is the world's largest council democracy. Nirala continues to face challenges relating to terrorism, religious strife, regional inequalities, overpopulation and climate change. It is a member of the Community of Nations, International Trade Organisation, Association for International Socialism and International Forum for Developing States.

Etymology

The Estmerish exonym Nirala is derived from the almost identical Nirālā, which is the transliterated endonym for the country in the native language of Nirali. The origin of the name lies with the proto-Tamkari tribe that previously inhabited the delta, who were known as the Nir (*nīr in proto-Tamkari), the same word used for water in the proto-Tamkari language, as the tribe was named for the water of the delta where they resided. This name was eventually translated into the Vedic language as Nīra or Nira, which was also the name of the Vedic kingdom which conquered the area. The modern form of the name emerged during the 14th century.

Another common name for the country is Niraladesa or Nirālādēśa in the original transliterated form, which is a compound of Nirālā and dēśa, the Nirali word for country, together literally meaning "country of the Nirali". The country has a number of archaic exonyms which are sometimes also used, namely Nerala and the Neral, which derive from an alternate transliteration of the native name. The Nirali government considers these to be relics of colonialism, and only officially recognises the standard transliteration.

History

Prehistory

Classical

Good Hundred Years

Ansene Nirala

Canavāraj Nirala

Etrurian Nirala

Rajyaghani Nirala

Independence

Amit Rahul Sidhu is widely seen as Father of the Nation for his role in securing Nirali independence.

Geography

Climate

Biodiversity

The blue peafowl is the national animal of Nirala, but is endangered within the country.

Government and politics

Nirala is a unitary council republic with the unicameral General Congress of Nirali Workers' Deputies acting as the country's legislature and highest authority.[9] The General Congress is elected indirectly by an electoral college comprised of delegates from workers' councils across the country. The majority of elected officials have an imperative mandate which means they can be recalled by voters at any time. The country is a constitutionally socialist state according to the 1951 constitution, with no Seyresian separation of powers.

The General Congress is headed by the Presidium, a nine-person body which functions as a collective head of state and a council of ministers. Each member of the Presidium is the head of one of the nine standing committees of the General Congress, with responsibility for executive functions in their areas. The Presidium is headed by the First Member of the Presidium, usually known as the Premier, a primus inter pares responsible for setting the direction of the Presidium and of the General Congress, often described as the head of government. The Premier is also one of three figures to act as presiding officer of the General Congress, alongside two deputies.[13]

The Nirali Section of the Workers' International under Amit Rahul Sidhu was dominant in Nirali politics until the 1990s, when it and all other political parties were banned from formally participating in national elections, making national politics officially non-partisan. Factionalism is still common in Nirali elections, with politicians generally associated with one or more extra-parliamentary groups. The two most notable of these are the Section itself, which persists as a think tank, and the Four Rivers Club. The Section sponsors candidates popularly known as Sectionists (Saikaśanīs) who are generally considered conservative, bureaucratic and centralist, with orthodox views on economics. They are contrasted with candidates sponsored by the Four Rivers Club, known as Riverines (Nadī), who are more radical, socially liberal and populist, the most supportive of the heterodox Nirala model of development. Other factions include neosocialists, anti-clericalists, Tretyakists and even pan-Satrians.

Administrative divisions

Foreign relations

Premier Navjot Kharoud meeting with Chistovodian President Viktor Martynenko. Nirala has strong ties to the socialist world.

Nirala has cold relations with neighbouring Padaratha. The territory of Mahtala (Nirali: Savīṭaṭāpū or Savitateep) is disputed between the two nations; though it is internationally recognised as part of Padaratha, the eastern half of the island has been occupied by Nirala since 1968. The dispute is currently a frozen conflict mediated by the Community of Nations, with the peacekeeping mission CONPEMIMA operating a ceasefire line.[4]

Military

Human rights

Economy

Science and technology

Industry

Services

Information technology

Agriculture

Tourism

Energy

Transportation

Remittances

Demographics

Urbanisation

Migration

Ethnicity

Language

Religion

Education

Health

Culture

Arts and architecture

Cinema and theatre

Media

Cuisine

Literature and philosophy

Fashion and textiles

Sports

Symbols

A statue of Amit Rahul Sidhu in ARSC. Sidhu is often treated as a national personification.

Nirala has several national symbols, many of which are officially recognised as such.[14] The best-known symbol of Nirala is the flag of Nirala, most commonly known as the Red-Blue-Gold (Lāla nīlā sōnā). The flag was designed after the Nirali War for Independence as part of the national symbols commission, and the Red-Blue-Gold was adopted over several other designs. The colours of the flag were chosen to symbolise aspects of the new nation; red for socialism and the blood spilt in the war, blue for the Bashurat river, delta and bay, and gold for the wealth of the nation. A lily with three stars surrounded by a halo was chosen to symbolise the natural wealth of Nirala and the unity of the three classes under the leadership of the proletariat.[15] The Red-Blue-Gold was designed alongside a similarly-coloured national cockade and national emblem.[16]

The national anthem is The Internationale, sung in Nirali and known as Iṭaranaiśanala.[17] The official national motto is "Samājavāda, Sutataratā, Khuśahālī", meaning "Socialism, Liberty, Prosperity". "Nadī tōṁ khāṛī taka nirālī āzādī", meaning "From the river to the bay, Nirala will be free", "Zajīrāṁ tōṛō" meaning "Break the chains" and "Dunī'āṁ dē mazadūra ikajuṭa hō jāṇa" meaning "Workers of the world, unite!" are common alternative mottos, historically associated with the Nirali Section of the Worker's International.[18] Red, blue and gold are considered the Nirali national colours.[19] The nation has a number of national personifications. The most famous of these are Amit Rahul Sidhu and the New Nirali Man and Woman, which feature prominently in propaganda and national iconography.[20][21][22]

Nirala has an assortment of national flora and fauna, recognised in law. The national animal and bird is the blue peafowl, while the Satrian elephant is considered the national mammal and is sometimes used as an additional national animal more broadly. In spite of it's status, the blue peafowl is considered endangered in Nirala. The Bashurat river dolphin and Bashurat tiger are considered the national marine and carnivorous mammal, respectively. The king cobra is the national reptile. The sunder mangrove is the national tree, while the water lily is the national flower, featuring on the flag and emblem.[23]

Festivals and public holidays

See also

Notes

  1. This figure includes speakers of Himanadish and the Cisprantadi languages, which are considered dialects of Nirali by the national government.[1]
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 This figure does not include Nirali occupied territory on the island of Mahtala, which is internationally recognised as part of Padaratha.[4]

References

  1. "The Nirali national language policy". nirala.gov.ni/internal-affairs-committee/national-language-policy. Internal Affairs Committee of the General Congress of Nirali Workers' Deputies. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "Population, Housing and Demographics Committee Report for 2021". Internal Affairs Committee of the General Congress of Nirali Workers' Deputies. 11 September 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
  3. 3.0 3.1 "Member states of the Community of Nations by size". Community of Nations Office for Statistics and Standardisation. 11 January 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Mahtala (Satrian island)". Encyclopædia Mundi Online. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  5. "Global surface water coverage". Community of Nations Office for Statistics and Standardisation. 31 October 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  6. 6.0 6.1 "What is Nirala's population?". populstat.com. 13 June 2023. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "2021 Global Economic Outlook - Satria". Global Institute for Fiscal Affairs. 28 November 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  8. 8.0 8.1 "Global Economic Atlas, 2021/2022". International Trade Organisation. 8 September 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  9. 9.0 9.1 "Nirala profile - Government". EBS News. 22 February 2020. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  10. "Nirala profile - Geography". EBS News. 20 February 2020. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  11. Gori, Manlio (2007). The Ancient Bashurat: Urbanism, Economy, and Society. University of Saint Christopher Press.
  12. "Nirala profile - Timeline". EBS News. 26 February 2020. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  13. "Nirala profile - Leaders". EBS News. 24 February 2020. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  14. "The official national symbols of Nirala". nirala.gov.ni/education-culture-committee/national-symbols. Education and Culture Committee of the General Congress of Nirali Workers' Deputies. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  15. "Special Intelligence Bureau | The world flag fact book, 2016". sib.gov/reports/world-flag-fact-book-2016. Education and Culture Committee of the General Congress of Nirali Workers' Deputies. 11 June 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  16. "The national emblem and national cockade of Nirala". nirala.gov.ni/education-culture-committee/national-symbols/emblem. Education and Culture Committee of the General Congress of Nirali Workers' Deputies. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  17. "The official national anthem of Nirala". nirala.gov.ni/education-culture-committee/national-symbols/national-anthem. Education and Culture Committee of the General Congress of Nirali Workers' Deputies. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  18. "The official and customary national mottos of Nirala". nirala.gov.ni/education-culture-committee/national-symbols/national-mottos. Education and Culture Committee of the General Congress of Nirali Workers' Deputies. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  19. "The official national colours of Nirala". nirala.gov.ni/education-culture-committee/national-symbols/national-colours. Education and Culture Committee of the General Congress of Nirali Workers' Deputies. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  20. "Amit Rahul Sidhu (Nirali historical figure)". Encyclopædia Mundi Online. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  21. Park, Alex (2018). "Amit Rahul Sidhu: what is the legacy of the "father of Nirala"?". Satrian Historical and Modern Politics (39).
  22. "The official national personifications of Nirala". nirala.gov.ni/education-culture-committee/national-symbols/national-personifications. Education and Culture Committee of the General Congress of Nirali Workers' Deputies. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  23. "Comprehensive list of the official national fauna and flora of Nirala". nirala.gov.ni/education-culture-committee/national-symbols/fauna-and-flora. Education and Culture Committee of the General Congress of Nirali Workers' Deputies. Retrieved 18 December 2023.