Coalition of Crown Albatross
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Coalition of Crown Albatross UCA | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
 A blank map of Iearth, commonly referred to collectively as the Coalition of Crown Albatross | |
| Administrative capital | Tofino, Zamastan |
| Type | Intergovernmental Organization |
| Membership | 113 Member States |
| Leaders | |
| Katherine von Wettin, Drambenburg | |
| Hartono Buana Sasmita, Saint Croix and Bens | |
| Jakop Kjársson, Caspiaa | |
| Abraham Hearson, Elbresia | |
| Tyler Guterres, Zamastan | |
| Establishment | November 18th, 1975 |
| November 18th, 1975 | |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 8,000,000,000+ |
The Coalition of Crown Albatross[1] (abbreviated CCA or often referred to as the Coalition) is a region and intergovernmental organization that operates globally with the aim to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among its many member nations, achieve international cooperation through economics and human development, and be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations. Its headquarters are located in Tofino, Zamastan, with other main offices in Forgeheim, Ruskayn (Palace of Nations); Cardiff, Cadair; and Vulkar, Vulkaria.
Founded on November 18th, 1975, at the signing of the CCA Charter, the organization has grown to a truly global entity with every nation in the world represented. The organization has principally acted symbolically, although it does operate for international cooperation in major events like coordination of humanitarian missions and responses to conflicts. The CCA has five principal organs: the General Assembly; the Security Council; the Economic and Social Council; the CCA Secretariat; and the Justice Council. The CCA's chief administrative officer is the Secretary-General, currently Drambenburgian diplomat Katherine von Wettin. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states.
The Coalition, its officers, and its agencies have won many Peace Prizes, though other evaluations of its effectiveness have been mixed. Some commentators believe the organization to be an important force for peace and human development, while others have called it ineffective, biased, or corrupt.
Membership
See: List of sovereign states and dependent territories (Iearth)
There are 120 CCA member states, including all undisputed independent states. The CCA Charter outlines the rules for membership:
1. Membership in the Coalition of Crown Albatross is open to all peace-loving states that accept the obligations contained in the present Charter and, in the judgment of the Organization, are able and willing to carry out these obligations.
2. The admission of any such state to membership in the Coalition of Crown Albatross will be decided by a decision of the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council.
History
See also: History of Iearth
Background and founding
From 1949-1954, many nations on Iearth were engulfed in the World War. In the decade following the war, several international treaty organizations such as the International Committee of the Albatrossian Cross were formed to ensure protection and assistance for victims of armed conflict and strife. These treaties all failed in differing respects, and tensions of these foiled treaties boiled over when the Tariel War erupted between Zamastan and Gladysynthia in 1972. The two nations had agreed to a temporary alliance in the World War to defend Avergnon from Drambenburgian aggression, but once the war had ended, both nations had gone back to flared aggression over the Northern Isle oil fields, most notably the Picotheca oil sands. When the war concluded, President Marvin Gaviria recognized the importance for a more secured treaty and international coalition to prevent further violence, both on the Zamastan-Gladysynthia border as well as across the globe.
The C.C.A was formulated and negotiated among the delegations from the Big Four (Zamastan, Cadair, Vulkaria, and Gladysynthia) in the wake of the Tariel negotiations at the Dumbarton Oaks Conference from 7th-17th February 1975 and they agreed on the aims, structure and functioning of the CCA After a month of planning, the CCA Conference on International Organization opened in Mönusÿnthys and was attended by 10 governments and a number of non-governmental organizations involved in drafting the CCA Charter. The CCA officially came into existence 18th November, 1975, upon ratification of the Charter by all signatories
The first meetings of the General Assembly, with 11 nations represented, and the Security Council took place in Congressional Hall, Tofino, Zamastan. The General Assembly selected Tofino as the site for the headquarters of the CCA, and a re-purposed facility was renovated to become the headquarters building. Leslie Hull Miranda was elected as the first Secretary-General of the C.C.A..
1970s
Though the CCA's primary mandate was peacekeeping, the division between the former Allied Powers and the League Powers of the World War often created division within the organization. This was especially evident during Leslie Hull Miranda's tenure as Secretary-General, as many nations such as the DSC and Malvare protested the appointment of a Zamastanian to the office.
In 1976, a massive earthquake killed nearly 2,000 people in Vulkaria and resulted in one of the Coalition's first international aid sponsorship projects, with hundreds of aid workers being sent to affected areas to help in medical, recovery, and rebuilding efforts.
1980s
In 1982, Beleroskov invaded and overthrew the government of Jaginistan, deposing the King of Jaginistan, Ahmed She'massoud, and installing a puppet government. The CCA, under Versenian Secretary-General Oliver Gavran, denounced the Beleroskovian government, and most member states placed heavy sanctions on them. In the ensuing diplomatic crisis, Beleroskov left the CCA, with President Victor Petrominov calling the organization a "devil's business backed by the devil regimes of Zamastan, Cadair, and Avergnon." In Jaginistan, a civil war erupted as rebels (often supplied covertly by the Zamastanian Intelligence Service) fought against the Beleroskov-backed regime. Eventually, the rebels secured victory in 1992.
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In 1987, a coup d'etat led by renegade military officials attempted to overthrow the government of Verdusa, leading to a violent civil war that lasted until 1989. The CCA sent peacekeeping forces, mostly made up of neighboring San Martinan and Emmirian troops, to defend international workers and protect safe-zones established by the Coalition and the Verdusian government. In a April 21st, 1987 ambush, 41 Coalition peacekeepers were killed by rebel forces, leading to higher military involvement and an Emmirian-led reinforcement contingent to help back the government forces.
1990s
1990 marked the appointment of the first female Secretary-General, Kjersten van der Haagen, who was also the first Secretary-General representing a former League Power (Drambenburg). The primary crisis of her term was marked by the Treviso Nuclear Crisis in West Chanchajilla in January of 1992, considered to be the worst man-made disaster in history. The CCA's controversial response to the crisis caused significant uproars in nations who's energy infrastructure had been largely sponsored by Beleroskov and Yuan.
In 1991, the Courbagne General Peace Accords marked the end of the Peoratia civil war. More than a million people were killed during the war and over 3 million displaced. Kevin Mbombo instituted sweeping government changes and established democratic elections under the watch of a peacekeeping force.
From 1992 to 1995, the Chezian War raged in Western Nortua, causing massive humanitarian disasters with the displacement of over 5,000,000 Chezian inhabitants from Constantio, Cechena, Syraranto, and Achijan. Most of the stages of the war ended through peace accords, involving full international recognition of new states, but with a massive human cost and economic damage to the region. Often described as Nortua's deadliest conflicts, the wars were marked by many war crimes, including genocide, crimes against humanity and rape. The Cechena genocide was the first Nortuan crime to be formally classified as genocidal in character, and many key individual participants in it were subsequently charged with war crimes. The International Criminal Tribunal for the Chezian Alliance (ICTCA) was established by the Coalition of Crown Albatross in 1998 to prosecute these crimes. According to the CCA, the Chezian War resulted in the death of 290,000 people.
Van der Haagen died on April 5th, 1992, in a plane crash while traveling from Lerbin to a Security Council meeting in Tofino. Her death led to the appointment of Farhen Brooks, who would later be elected President of Vulkaria.
In 1997, a volcanic eruption in Qolaysia, which killed 874 people, saw massive relief efforts undertaken by the Coalition.
2000s
Zamastanian military involvement in Vulkaria in 1999-2005 was condemned by several member nations of the CCA, though a formal condemnation by the organization itself was never issued, as Secretary-General Iewin Jones of Cadair blocked the request. Several nations within the Coalition, including Quetana, Emmiria, Beatavic, and Besmenia committed forces alongside Zamastan in the conflict. After the Coalition-led Neboroskiev Accords in Beleroskov, the war ended and peacekeeping was introduced. The Coalition also sanctioned the Vongane Trials.
2010s
In 2011, Frederick Armbar of West Chanchajilla instated populist social policies that led to an economic collapse because of their excesses—including a uniquely extreme fossil fuel subsidy. The destabilized economy led to a crisis in West Chanchajilla, resulting in hyperinflation, an economic depression, shortages of basic goods and drastic increases in unemployment, poverty, disease, child mortality, malnutrition and crime, all of which precipitated the West Chanchajillan migrant crisis where more than two million people fled the country over the next decade, mostly to neighboring East Chanchajilla and Zamastan.
In 2017, a series of terrorist attacks in Zamastan reinvigorated tensions with Malvare, leading to Zacharias Castovia's decision to fully sanction Malvare, an action which was followed by many member nations.
In 2018, East and West Chanchajilla engaged in the South Turania Offensive. Also in that year, a brief military conflict between Zamastan and Gladysynthia over the city of Danaska was denounced by much of the Coalition, with SG Adrik Pavel of Baytonia threatening to temporarily halt Zamastan and Gladysynthia's placement on the Security Council. The conflicts reached conclusions with the Treaty of Turania and the Treaty of Mönusÿnthys 2018-9B, both of which were sponsored by several member nations of the Coalition.
2020s
Following a series of attacks on international shipping in May 2020, Ossinia's seat on the CCA was revoked by Katherine von Wettin. Shortly afterwards, Zamastan invaded the island nation and toppled the government of Martin Saint-Yves. Since the assumption of the new federal government on July 31st, 2020, Ossinia's seat has been reinstated.
In July 2020, following the bombing of the Syraranto Parliament in Covijo, President Kyriakos Tasoulas called for international support to quell a rebellion, to which a majority of countries refused, stating they'd rather seek diplomatic courses of peace. Tasoulas, without warning, launched a military campaign against his own citizens in the Western region of Syraranto, plunging the country into a devestating civil war. Syraranto's seat was frozen by the Security Council as attempts to reace peace developments began, but the involvement of Tasoulas' allies Yuan and Great Epsilon caused the peace talks to fail in mid-August. In addition, the involvement of nations like Vuswistan, North Icadania, and Constantio supplying rebel forces further complicated the issue. The war eventually subsided in March of 2021, with only minor clashes persisting after the conclusion of peace talks, but the war highlighted the struggle of the Coalition to maintain international order in the modern era as more than 400,000 people died by its end.
In 2021, the Coalition was once again tested with sweeping international peacekeeping at the outbreak of the Birat Civil War. Although a ceasefire was brokered under CSCR 237, it was broken and the war continued. However, CCA peacekeeping efforts were successful during the Osea Accords, which ended the Hisrea War, and at the Buena Vera Accords which ended the Togana War. At the conclusion of Coalition-sanctioned military operations in West Chanchajilla that saw the toppling of Frederick Armbar's regime, the Coalition oversaw peacekeeping and a democratic election that installed that nation's first ever civilian-elected government.
Structure
The CCA has five principal organs: the General Assembly; the Security Council; the Economic and Social Council; the CCA Secretariat; and the Justice Council. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states.
General Assembly
The General Assembly is the main deliberative assembly of the CCA. Composed of all CCA member states, the assembly meets in regular yearly sessions, but emergency sessions can also be called. The assembly is led by a president, elected from among the member states on a rotating regional basis, and 21 vice-presidents. The current General Assembly President is Jakop Kjársson of Caspiaa.
When the General Assembly decides on important questions such as those on peace and security, admission of new members and budgetary matters, a two-thirds majority of those present and voting is required. All other questions are decided by a majority vote. Each member country has one vote. Apart from approval of budgetary matters, resolutions are not binding on the members. The Assembly may make recommendations on any matters within the scope of the CCA, except matters of peace and security that are under consideration by the Security Council.
Security Council
The CCA Security Council is charged with maintaining peace and security among countries. While other organs of the CCA can only make "recommendations" to member states, the Security Council has the power to make binding decisions that member states have agreed to carry out. The decisions of the Council are known as Coalition of Crown Albatross Security Council resolutions. The CCA Charter gives the Security Council the power and responsibility to take collective action to maintain international peace and security. For this reason, the international community usually looks to the Security Council to authorize peacekeeping operations.
The Security Council is made up of fifteen member states, consisting of five permanent members—Zamastan, Gladysynthia, Vulkaria, Cadair and Beleroskov—and ten non-permanent members elected for two-year terms by the General Assembly. The five permanent members hold veto power over CCA resolutions, allowing a permanent member to block adoption of a resolution, though not debate. The ten temporary seats are held for six-month terms, with five member states per three months voted in by the General Assembly on a regional basis. The current Security Council President is Tyler Guterres of Zamastan.
The current non-permanent members of the Security Council (2020-22) are Emmiria, Utobania, Albarine, Caspiaa, Drambenburg, Yuan, Austrolis, Durnstaal, Quetana, and Siniapore.
Security Council Resolutions
| Resolution | Date | Vote | Concerns | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 236 | 2 February 2021 | 78–13–2 | Condemn West Chanchajilla | Open forum for General Assembly voting participation |
| 237 | 19 May 2021 | Birat Civil War | Closed to Security Council voting members |
Secretariat
The CCA Secretariat is headed by the Secretary-General, assisted by the Deputy Secretary-General and a staff of international civil servants worldwide. It provides studies, information, and facilities needed by CCA bodies for their meetings. It also carries out tasks as directed by the Security Council, the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council, and other C.C.A. bodies.
The secretary-general acts as the de facto spokesperson and leader of the CCA. The position is defined in the CCA Charter as the organization's "chief administrative officer".
The secretary-general is appointed by the General Assembly, after being recommended by the Security Council, where the permanent members have veto power. The current Secretary-General is Drambenburgian diplomat Katherine von Wettin, and the Deputy Secretary-General is Hartono Buana Sasmita of Saint Croix and Bens.
Justice Council
The CCA Justice Council is the primary judicial organ of the CCA. The Justice Council is composed of 15 judges who serve 9-year terms and are appointed by the General Assembly; every sitting judge must be from a different nation.
The ICJ's primary purpose is to adjudicate disputes among states. The court has heard cases related to war crimes, illegal state interference, ethnic cleansing, and other issues. The Justice Council can also be called upon by other CCA organs to provide advisory opinions.
Economic and Social Council
The CCA Economic and Social Council assists the General Assembly in promoting international economic and social co-operation and development. The Economic and Social Council President, currently Abraham Hearson of Elbresia, is elected for a one-year term and chosen among the small or middle powers represented on the council. The council has one annual meeting in July, held in either Tofino or Allengin. The council's functions include information gathering, advising member nations, and making recommendations.
Agencies, Organization, and Objectives
Peacekeeping and Security
Peacekeeping by the Coalition of Crown Albatross is a role held by the Coalition Peace Operations Department (CPOD) as "a unique and vital instrument developed by the Coalition as a way to help countries torn by conflict to create the conditions for lasting peace". It is distinguished from peacebuilding, peacemaking, and peace enforcement although the Coalition acknowledges that all activities are "mutually reinforcing" and that overlap between them is frequent in practice.
Peacekeepers monitor and observe peace processes in post-conflict areas and assist ex-combatants in implementing the peace agreements they may have signed. Such assistance comes in many forms, including confidence-building measures, power-sharing arrangements, electoral support, strengthening the rule of law, and economic and social development. Accordingly, CCA peacekeepers (often referred to as White Berets because of their white berets or helmets) can include soldiers, police officers, and civilian personnel.
The CCA Charter gives the CCA Security Council the power and responsibility to take collective action to maintain international peace and security. For this reason, the international community usually looks to the Security Council to authorize peacekeeping operations.
Human Rights
The Coalition Human Rights Council (CHRC) is a CCA body whose mission is to promote and protect human rights around the world. The Council has 47 members elected for staggered three-year terms on a regional group basis. The headquarters of the Council is in Viitaniemi, Caspiaa. The Council investigates allegations of breaches of human rights in Coalition member states, and addresses thematic human rights issues such as freedom of association and assembly, freedom of expression, freedom of belief and religion, women's rights, LGBT rights, and the rights of racial and ethnic minorities.
Economic development and humanitarian assistance
The Coalition Trade Organization is an intergovernmental organization that is concerned with the regulation of international trade between nations. The CTO officially commenced on 1 January 1995 under the Abarrakesh Agreement, signed by 100 nations on 15 April 1994. It is the largest international economic organization in the world, and is headquartered in Ilhaveia, Lutharia
The CTO deals with regulation of trade in goods, services and intellectual property between participating countries by providing a framework for negotiating trade agreements and a dispute resolution process aimed at enforcing participants' adherence to CTO agreements, which are signed by representatives of member governments and ratified by their parliaments. The CTO prohibits discrimination between trading partners, but provides exceptions for environmental protection, national security, and other important goals. Trade-related disputes are resolved by independent judges at the WTO through a dispute resolution process.
The Coalition Health Organization (CHO), which focuses on international health issues and disease eradication, is another of the CCA's largest agencies. In 1982, the agency announced that the eradication of smallpox had been completed. In subsequent decades, CHO largely eradicated polio, river blindness, and leprosy. Additionally, the CHO co-ordinates the Coalition's global response to HIV/AIDS.
Funding
The CCA budget for 2020 was Z$4.3 billion, but additional resources are donated by members. Peacekeeping forces, for instance, are volunteered by member states. The CCA is financed from assessed and voluntary contributions from member states. The General Assembly approves the regular budget and determines the assessment for each member. This is broadly based on the relative capacity of each country to pay, as measured by its gross national income (GNI), with adjustments for external debt and low per capita income.
References
- ↑ https://www.nationstates.net/region=coalition_of_crown_albatross | Coalition of Crown Albatross NationStates Page
