Leszczawka

Kingdom of Leszczawka (Крѡљэство Љэщавка) Љэщавка
Flag Coat of arms
Status	Independent State
Capital and largest city	Reszow
Official languages	Leszczak
Religion	Leszczawkan Christian Orthodox (Leszczawie Kresťanské Ortodoksjný)
Demonym(s)	Leszczak, Leszczawie
Government	Parliamentary Consitutional Monarchy
• Monarch (Head of State)	Borisław VII Stojan Leszek-Czartoryska
• First Minister (Head of Government)	Nikolaz Witowich
Legislature	Parliament
• Upper house	The Noble Diet
• Lower house	The Common Diet
Establishment
• Baptism	Apr 19 979
• Kingdom of Leszczawka	Jun 7 1032
• Leszczawka Partitioned	May 22 1571
• Leszczawka Unionised	Dec 22 1714
• Leszczawkan Independence	Sep 27 1822
• First Leszczawkan Civil War	Aug 3 1849
• Second Leszczawkan Civil War	Jan 30 1934
• Military dictatorship	Apr 15 1941
• Reestablishment of democracy	Jan 12 1978
Area
• Total	322,483 km2 (124,511 sq mi)
Population
• 2022 census	37,155,290
GDP (nominal)	2023 estimate
• Total	$702,680,844,000
• Per capita	$18,912
Gini (2020)	27.2 low
HDI (2020)	0.848 very high
Currency	Groczen (Lsk)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy
Driving side	left
Calling code	+344

This Eurth-related article is a stub.

Leszczawka, officially the Kingdom of Leszczawka, is a country in Central Argis. Leszczawka has a population of 37 million, and is divided into 17 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of 322,483 km2 (124,511 sq mi). Reszow is the nation's capital and largest metropolis. Other major cities include Połaniec, Warowni, Rohżnów, Kralec and Skotarsk.

Leszczawka has a temperate transitional climate and its territory traverses the Central Argic Plain, extending from the Równywa Plains in the north to the Wielkagóra mountain range and in the south. The longest Leszczak river is the WysŁa River, and Leszczawka’s highest point is Mount Wysoké, situated in the Zielonagóra mountain range. The country is bordered by Ahrana to the north, Girkmand to the East, and Poja to the south.

The history of human activity on Leszczak soil dates to c. 10,000 BC. Culturally diverse throughout late antiquity, the region became inhabited by the tribal Leszczawie, who gave it its name in the early medieval period. The establishment of statehood in 979 coincided with a pagan ruler of the Leszczawka converting to Christianity under the auspices of the Orthodox Church. The Kingdom of Leszczawka emerged in 1032, and in 1571 was partitioned. The state was later unionised with Ahrana in 1714, cementing their longstanding association. Emerging as a modern nation state in 1822 following a war of independence.

Over the first one hundred years of its independence the Kingdom of Leszczawka sought the reclamation of lost lands and its territorial expansion, predominantly achieved following the 1849 civil wars, and during early 20th century up until the catastrophic civil war of 1934. The short-lived socialist republic that followed, beset by the ramifications of civil war, was toppled at the hands of a military Coup d'état and came to an end in 1941, when the imposition of a royalist dictatorship inaugurated a long period of authoritarian rule, marked by internal civil conflict and military dictatorship at league with the crown. From the 1950s through to the 1970s, Leszczawka achieved record economic growth, enabling it to join the ranks of developed nations across the globe.

Democracy was restored once again restored following the death of King Jarek III Svetozar Leszek-Czartoryska and the succession of king Borisław VII Stojan Leszek-Czartoryska in 1978, becoming a parliamentary monarchy. However, since the 1989 elections until the recent 2023 general election, the Leszczawka Socialist Party (Leszczawie Partia Socjalistyczna) had maintained a firm hold over the nations parliament and its politics, and in the early two-thousands was responsible for poor economic management which lead to a national recession in 2008 and widespread institutional corruption.

Leszczawka is a parliamentary monarchy, with its bicameral legislature comprising the Noble Diet and the Common Diet. It is a developing market and a high income economy. Although many living in less developed regions lack access to higher income and modern services, the majority of its population, especially inside the nations cities receive a high standard of living, safety and economic freedom, as well as free university education and a universal health care system.

Geography

Leszczawka covers an administrative area of 322,483 km2 (124,511 sq mi). Approximately 319,441 km2 (198491 sq mi) of the country's territory consists of land, 3042 km2 (1890 sq mi) comprises internal waters and 9,783 km2 (6078 sq mi) is territorial sea. Topographically, the landscape of Leszczawka is characterised by diverse landforms, water bodies and ecosystems. The central and northern region bordering the Vtoroye Sea lie within the flat Central Argis Plain, but its south is hilly and mountainous. The average elevation above the sea level is estimated at 173 metres. The country has a coastline spanning 970 km (602 mi); extending from the shores of the Vtoyore Sea, along the Bay of ___ in the west to the Gulf of ___ in the east. The beach coastline is abundant in sand dune fields or coastal ridges and is indented by spits and lagoons, notably the ___ Peninsula and the ___ Lagoon. The largest Leszczak island on the Vtoyore Sea is Wolyan, located within Wolyan National Park. Leszczawka also shares the ___ Lagoon and the ___ island with Ahrana. The mountainous belt in the extreme south of Poland is divided into two major mountain ranges; the ___ in the west and the ___ in the east. The highest part of the ___ massif are the ___ Mountains, extending along Leszczawka’s southern border. Leszczawka's highest point is Mount Attal at 2,501 metres (8,205 ft) in elevation, located in the ___. The highest summit of the ___ is Mount Szcezko at 1,603.3 metres (5,260 ft), shared with the___. The lowest point in Leszczawka is situated at in the ___ Delta, which is 1.8 metres (5.9 ft) below sea level. Leszczawka‘s longest rivers are the ___, the ___, the Wora, and the Bugyask. The country also possesses one of the highest densities of lakes in the world, numbering around ten thousand and mostly concentrated in the north-eastern region of ___, within the ___ Lake District. The largest lakes, covering more than 100 square kilometres (39 sq mi), are and , and the deepest is Lake ___ at 108.5 metres (356 ft) in depth.

Climate

The climate of Leszczawka is temperate transitional, and varies from oceanic in the north-west to continental in the south-east. The mountainous southern and eastern fringes are situated within an alpine climate. Leszczawka is characterised by warm summers, with a mean temperature of around 20 °C (68.0 °F) in July, and moderately cold winters averaging −1 °C (30.2 °F) in December. The warmest and sunniest part of Leszczawka is ___ in the southwest and the coldest region is the northeast corner, around Yaropol in Dolask, where the climate is affected by cold fronts from the siberian north. Precipitation is more frequent during the summer months, with highest rainfall recorded from June to September. There is a considerable fluctuation in day-to-day weather and the arrival of a particular season can differ each year. Climate change and other factors have further contributed to interannual thermal anomalies and increased temperatures; the average annual air temperature between 2011 and 2020 was 9.33 °C (48.8 °F), around 1.11 °C higher than in the 2001–2010 period. Winters are also becoming increasingly drier, with less sleet and snowfall.

Biodiversity

Phytogeographically, Leszczawka belongs to the Central Argis province of the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom. The country has four Palearctic ecoregions – Central, Northern, Western Argis temperate broadleaf and mixed forest, and the montane conifer. Forests occupy 31% of Leszczawka's land area, the largest of which is the___ wilderness. The most common deciduous trees found across the country are oak, maple, and beech; the most common conifers are pine, spruce, and fir. An estimated 69% of all forests are coniferous. The flora and fauna in Leszczawka is that of Continental Argis. Among the most protected species is the Bison, Europe's heaviest land animal, as well as the beaver, the lynx and the grey wolf. The region was also home to the extinct aurochs, the last individual dying in Leszczawka in 1672. Game animals such as red deer, roe deer, and wild boar are found in most woodlands. Leszczawka is also a significant breeding ground for migratory birds and hosts around one quarter of the global population of white storks. Around 322,453hectares (1,245 sq mi), equivalent to 1% of Leszczawka's territory, is protected within 23 Polish national parks, two of which – Biawieża and Beszada. There are 123 areas designated as landscape parks, along with numerous nature reserves and other protected areas.

Politics

Government

The Kingdom of Leszczawka is sovereign state beneath a constitutional monarchy. Their current monarch and head of state is King Borisław VII Stojan Leszek-Czartoryska, in whom is vested all executive authority. The disposition of such powers however, including those belonging to the royal prerogative, is generally exercised only on the advice of ministers of the Crown responsible to Parliament and thence to the electorate. Nevertheless, in the performance of executive duties, the monarch has "the right to be consulted, the right to encourage, and the right to warn". In addition, the monarch has a number of reserve powers at his disposal in order to uphold responsible government and prevent constitutional crises. These reserve powers are particularly relevant to the appointment of a prime minister, preventing unconstitutional use of the Leszczawie Armed Forces, the prorogation and dissolution of Parliament, the enactment of legislation, and conferring state honours.

The prime minister is the head of government in the Kingdom of Leszczawka. The prime minister is, by constitutional convention, a member of parliament elected by his/her elective locality (county). The prime minister is appointed by the monarch and their appointment is governed by constitutional conventions. However, they are normally the leader of the political party with the most seats in the Common Diet (Wspólny Zgromadzenie) and hold office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the Common Diet. The current Prime Minister, as of May 2023, is Nikolaz Witowich of the United Front party.

Parliament

The government of the Kingdom of Leszczawka is a parliamentary democracy operating by the authority of the crown, otherwise known as a "democratic parliamentary monarchy". The Parliament of Lesczawka is sovereign and made up of the Common Diet, the Noble Diet and the Crown. The main functioning of parliament occurs within these two houses, but royal assent is required for a bill to become an act of parliament (law).

Per general election for the Common Diet, Leszczawka is divided into 375 counties (grófstva), each of which is represented by a member of Parliament (MP). MPs hold office for up to 5 years years and are always up for re-election in general elections. The United Front party, Sovereign Leszczawka party and New Labour party are, respectively, the current first, second and third largest parties (by number of MPs) in the Common Diet.

The Noble Diet, historically assembled in times of national crisis, today is permanently comprised of the unelected Leszczawkan nobility, who may only be appointed or removed from the Diet by the Sovereign. Their constitutional power prevents them from the creation and amendment of parliamentary law. However, they maintain the power to restrict the passing of any proposed law for up to a year, and act as an advisory board for the Common Diet, as many lorded men and women whom were previously unladed have served within the government or social services, and are considered experts within their respective professional fields.

Administrative Divisions

Leszczawka is divided into 17 provinces or states known as voivodeships. As of 2022, the voivodeships are subdivided into 375 counties (grófstva), which are further fragmented into 2,280 municipalities (gminas). Major cities normally have the status of both gmina and powiat. The provinces are largely founded on the borders of historic regions, cities and towns. Administrative authority at the voivodeship level is shared between a government-appointed governor (voivode), an elected regional assembly (sejmik) and a voivodeship marshal, an executive elected by the assembly.

Parliamentary parties

(Not including minor parties)

Logo	Title	Leader	Ideology	Representation
				Common Diet	Noble Diet	Mayoral Seats
	United Front (ZP) Zjednoczony Przodu	Nikolaz Witowich	National conservatism Right-wing populism	229 / 375	47 / 100	27 / 52
	Sovereign Leszczawka (SL) Suvrena Leszczawie	Natasha Zhukova	National conservatism Economic liberalism	121 / 375	41 / 100	13 / 52
	New Labour (NP) Nowy Praca	Jarek Litvinovich	Social Democracy Democratic Socialism	44 / 375	0 / 100	4 / 52
	National Christian Party (NKS) Národná Kresťanská Strana	Yegor Ziętek	Agrarianism Christian Democracy	23 / 375	4 / 100	3 / 52
	Socialist Party (LPS) Leszczawie Partia Socjalistyczna	Boris Konieczn	Socialism Economic Collectivism	9 / 375	0 / 100	0 / 52