Dazhdin language: Difference between revisions
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==Dialects== | ==Dialects== | ||
===Syranik=== | ===Syranik=== | ||
[[File:SyranikFlag.png| | [[File:SyranikFlag.png|250px|thumb|Syranik state flag]] | ||
Syranik is of the local (and biggest of localized languages) standard of the Dazhdin language, that uses the [[Dazhdin orthography#Latin alphabet|latin alphabet]]. It is linked to the Syranik nationality and includes multiple divergences from the Literary Dazhdin, most notably: | |||
*Disappearance of [[wikipedia:Yer|yers]], changing the iotation and syllabic structure (-lь- → -ľ-; -tь- → -ŧ-...) | |||
*Rearrangement of I, İ and Y → I for [[wikipedia:Close front unrounded vowel|/ʲi/]], Y for [[wikipedia:Near-close near-front unrounded vowel|/ɪ/]], disappearance of [[wikipedia:Close central unrounded vowel|/ɨ/]] | |||
*Lack of presence of the [[wikipedia:Adessive case|adessive]], [[wikipedia:Allative case|allative]] and [[wikipedia:Illative case|illative]] cases | |||
*Distingtion of soft and hard R (R for [[wikipedia:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar trills|/r/]], Ŕ for [[wikipedia:Voiced alveolar and postalveolar approximants|/ɹ/]]) | |||
===Posąvrag=== | ===Posąvrag=== | ||
[[File:PosąvragFlag.png| | [[File:PosąvragFlag.png|250px|thumb|Posąvrag state flag]] | ||
Posąvrag is the other local standardized form besides Syranik and uses the [[Dazhdin orthography#Cyrillic alphabet|cyrillic alphabet]]. It is linked to the Posąvrag nationality and includes multiple divergences from the Literary Dazhdin, most notably: | |||
*Disappearance of [[Dazhdin grammar#Definite adjectives|definite adjective declensions]] | |||
*Phonetical shift [[wikipedia:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar lateral approximants|/l/]] → [[wikipedia:Voiced labial–velar approximant|/w/]] for Л, [[wikipedia:Voiced palatal lateral approximant|/ʎ/]] → [[wikipedia:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar lateral approximants|/l/]] for Љ | |||
*Almost no presence of the [[wikipedia:Translative case|translative case]] | |||
*Partial disappearance of the [[wikipedia:Animacy|animacy]] distingtion, merger of "toj" and "ten" [[Dazhdin grammar#Articles|pronouns]]. | |||
===Mješanka=== | ===Mješanka=== | ||
[[File:KozlųkaFlag.png| | [[File:KozlųkaFlag.png|250px|thumb|Kozlųka state flag]] | ||
TBA | TBA | ||
===Literal Dazhdin=== | ===Literal Dazhdin=== |
Revision as of 15:36, 26 September 2021
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Dazhdin | |
---|---|
Daẑinčina - Даҗінчіна | |
Pronunciation | /daʒd͡ʒint͡ʃinɑ/ |
Ethnicity | Dazhdins |
Native speakers | ~25,000,000 |
Euro-Argisian
| |
Dialects | |
Latin, Cyrillic | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-1 | ZD |
ISO 639-2 | DZD |
ISO 639-3 | DZD |
The Dazhdin language (Dazhdin Latin: Daẑinčina/Daẑinčinsky język; Dazhdin Cyrillic: Даҗінчіна/Даҗінчінскы ѩзык) is a pluricentric language with 3 standardized forms (out of which one is the "standard" Dazhdin and is not spoken as a common language, the remaining two are considered to be standardized dialectal variants, which are mutually intelligible).
Orthography
Latin version
A a | Ą ą | B b | C c | Č č | D d | Đ đ | E e | Ě ě | Ę ę |
F f | G g | H h | Ĥ ĥ | I ı | İ i | J j | Ь ь | K k | L l |
Ľ ľ | M m | N n | Ň ň | O o | P p | Q q | R r | S s | Š š |
Ŝ ŝ | T t | Ŧ ŧ | U u | Ų ų | V v | W w | X x | Y y | Ъ ъ |
Z z | Ž ž | Ẑ ẑ | Ʒ ʒ | Ǯ ǯ |
Note: Letter Ĥ is an introduced letter to denote the /h/ sound in loanwords (for example the word "ĥistorьja")
Cyrillic version
А а | Б б | В в | Г г | Д д | Ђ ђ | Е е | Є є | Ж ж | Җ җ |
З з | Ѕ ѕ | І і | И и | Ј ј | К к | Л л | Љ љ | М м | Н н |
Њ њ | О о | П п | Р р | С с | Т т | Ћ ћ | У у | Ф ф | Х х |
Ц ц | Ч ч | Џ џ | Ш ш | Щ щ | Ъ ъ | Ы ы | Ь ь | Ѥ ѥ | Ю ю |
Я я | Ѫ ѫ | Ѭ ѭ | Ѧ ѧ | Ѩ ѩ | Ꙙ ꙙ | Ꙝ ꙝ |
Pronunciation
Order | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Majuscule | A | Ja | Ą | Ją | B | C | Č | D | Đ | E | Je | Ě | Ę | Ję | F | G | H | I | İ | J | Ь | K | L | Ľ | M | N | Ň | O | P | Q | R | S | Š | Ŝ | T | Ŧ | U | Ju | Ų | Jų | V | W | X | Y | Ъ | Z | Ž | Ẑ | Ʒ | Ǯ |
Minuscule | a | ja | ą | ją | b | c | č | d | đ | e | je | ě | ę | ję | f | g | h | ı | i | j | ь | k | l | ľ | m | n | ň | o | p | q | r | s | š | ŝ | t | ŧ | u | ju | ų | jų | v | w | x | y | ъ | z | ž | ẑ | ʒ | ǯ |
Majuscule | А | Я | Ꙙ | Ꙝ | Б | Ц | Ч | Д | Ђ | Е | Ѥ | Є | Ѧ | Ѩ | Ф | Г | Х | И | І | Ј | Ь | К | Л | Љ | М | Н | Њ | О | П | Кв | Р | С | Ш | Щ | Т | Ћ | У | Ю | Ѫ | Ѭ | В | Ў | Кс | Ы | Ъ | З | Ж | Җ | Ѕ | Џ |
Minuscule | а | я | ꙙ | ꙝ | б | ц | ч | д | ђ | е | ѥ | є | ѧ | ѩ | ф | г | х | и | і | ј | ь | к | л | љ | м | н | њ | о | п | кв | р | с | ш | щ | т | ћ | у | ю | ѫ | ѭ | в | ў | кс | ы | ъ | з | ж | җ | ѕ | џ |
IPA Sound | a ɑ |
ja jɑ |
ɔ̃ ɔw̃ |
jɔ̃ jɔw̃ |
b | t͡s | t͡ʃ t͡ɕ |
d | ɟ | ɛ e |
jɛ je |
ʲɛ ʲe |
ɛ̃ ẽ |
jɛ̃ jẽ |
f | ɡ | x | ɪ | i | j | ĭ | k | l | ʎ | m | n | ɲ | ɔ o |
p | kv q |
r | s | ʃ ɕ |
ʃt͡ʃ | t | c | u | ju | ʊ̃ ũ |
jʊ̃ jũ |
v | ks | ɨ y |
y̆ ɯ̆ |
z | ʒ ʑ |
ʒd͡ʒ | d͡z | d͡ʒ d͡ʑ |
History
TBA
Dialects
Syranik
Syranik is of the local (and biggest of localized languages) standard of the Dazhdin language, that uses the latin alphabet. It is linked to the Syranik nationality and includes multiple divergences from the Literary Dazhdin, most notably:
- Disappearance of yers, changing the iotation and syllabic structure (-lь- → -ľ-; -tь- → -ŧ-...)
- Rearrangement of I, İ and Y → I for /ʲi/, Y for /ɪ/, disappearance of /ɨ/
- Lack of presence of the adessive, allative and illative cases
- Distingtion of soft and hard R (R for /r/, Ŕ for /ɹ/)
Posąvrag
Posąvrag is the other local standardized form besides Syranik and uses the cyrillic alphabet. It is linked to the Posąvrag nationality and includes multiple divergences from the Literary Dazhdin, most notably:
- Disappearance of definite adjective declensions
- Phonetical shift /l/ → /w/ for Л, /ʎ/ → /l/ for Љ
- Almost no presence of the translative case
- Partial disappearance of the animacy distingtion, merger of "toj" and "ten" pronouns.
Mješanka
TBA
Literal Dazhdin
TBA
Grammar
The Dazhdin language recognizes 11 grammatical cases, 3 grammatical numbers and 3 grammatical genders (out of which one is broken down by animacy).
The cases can be broken down into "independent cases" (there are 7 of them) and "subservient cases" (there are 4 of them):
- Nominative - NOM. - commonly used - Mųžъ; Grad; Žena; Dětě
- Accusative - ACC. - commonly used - Mųža; Grad; Ženu; Dětě
- Genitive - GEN. - commonly used - Mųža; Gradu; Ženy; Dětěta
- Dative - DAT. - commonly used - Mųži; Gradu; Ženě; Dětěti
- Locative - LOC. - commonly used - Mųži; Gradu; Ženě; Dětěti
- Instrumentative - INS. - commonly used - Mųžom; Gradom; Ženoju; Dětěm
- Translative - TRA. - rarely used - Mųžųm; Gradųm; Ženą; Dětěm
- Vocative - VOC. - moderately used - Mųžı; Grade; Ženo; Dětьe
Examples
Salvian Lord's Prayer
Anglish | Dazhdin (latin) | Dazhdin (cyrillic) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Salvian Lord's Prayer | Salvıjskyjъ Ojecnaš | Салвијскыјъ Оѥцнаш | ||
1 | Our Father, who art in heaven, | |||
hallowed be thy Name, | ||||
thy kingdom come, | ||||
thy will be done, | 4 | |||
on eurth as it is in heaven. | ||||
2 | Give us this day our daily bread. | |||
And forgive us our trespasses, | ||||
as we forgive those | 8 | |||
who trespass against us. | ||||
And lead us not into temptation, | ||||
but deliver us from evil. | ||||
3 | For thine is the kingdom, | 12 | ||
and the power, and the glory, | ||||
for ever and ever. | 14 | |||
F | Amen. | Amen. | Амен. |
Tacolist Lord's Prayer
Anglish | Dazhdin (latin) | Dazhdin (cyrillic) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Tacolist Lord's Prayer | Takolickyjъ Ojecnaš | Таколицкыјъ Оѥцнаш | ||
1 | Saviour, who gave us the meal of life, | |||
we who hunger for salvation thank you; | ||||
Blessed be your Holy Son, | ||||
who so instructed man in the recipes of savoury goodness. | 4 | |||
Grant upon us the virtues to be | ||||
as your son has been on Eurth. | ||||
2 | Give us this day our daily tortilla; | |||
and bless this with your forgiveness and your holy spices. | 8 | |||
Forgive those who are ignorant | ||||
and lead us not into the wrappings of soft-shelled sin, | ||||
but deliver us from the blandness of life, | ||||
F | Amen. | Amen. | Амен. | 12 |
The Bee Movie Intro
Anglish | Dazhdin (latin) | Dazhdin (cyrillic) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Bee Movie Opening | Otъverně k „Bee Movie“ | Отъвернє к «Bee Movie» | ||
1 | According to all known laws of aviation, | |||
there is no way that a bee should be able to fly. | 2 | |||
Its wings are too small | ||||
to get its fat little body off the ground. | 4 | |||
2 | The bee, of course, flies anyways. | |||
Because bees don't care what humans think is impossible. | 6 |
Dirty Dazhdin Phrasebook
Anglish: | „My hovercraft is full of eels“ |
---|---|
Dazhdin (latin): | „“ |
Dazhdin (cyrillic) | „“ |
Note: MeTube link
- ↑ The Literary Dazhdin is technically not a spoken dialect, but is the literary language which was developed in the mid-to-late 17th century
- ↑ Mješanka/Мѥшанка literally "the mixation" is a set of transitional dialects that exist between Syranik and Posąvrag standardized language-dialects