House of the People (Kertosono)

House of the People ꦒꦿꦶꦪꦫꦏꦾꦠ꧀ Griyå Rakyat
38th parliament
Logo of the Griyå Rakyat
Type
Type	Lower house of the Dewan Rakyat
Term limits	4 years
History
Founded	1902
Leadership
President	Agung Sucahyo, PRK Since 15 July 2018
Vice president	Subandi Wiyogo, PKM Since 15 July 2018
Vice president	Arioseno Wirobroto, UN Since 15 July 2018
Vice president	Rusminah, SIK Since 15 July 2018
Prime minister	Sulistyono Raharjo, PRK Since 12 August 1998
Leader of the opposition	Hartanto Yulistyono, PKM Since 9 February 2017
Structure
Political groups	Government coalition   PRK: 63 seats   UN: 38 seats   SIK: 27 seats   YP: 8 seats Opposition   PKM: 41 seats   PDK: 18 seats   PD: 14 seats   KR: 12 seats   KA: 5 seats Neutral   PIK: 10 seats   PT: 6 seats   PKK: 5 seats   PKU: 3 seats   PA: 1 seat   Independents: 9 seats
Elections
Voting system	Multiple non-transferable Vote First pass the post
Last election	29 April 2018
Next election	Before 1 June 2022
Meeting place
Palace of the Parliament, Ngawi

The House of the People (Kertic: ꦒꦿꦶꦪꦫꦏꦾꦠ꧀ "Griyå Rakyat") is the lower house of the Dewan Rakyat, the parliament of Kertosono. It is the elected chamber of the parliament, and is the primary house of the Dewan Rakyat. Together with the unelected upper house, the Griyå Sesepuh or House of Elders, it executes a legislative function at the national level as enshrined in the 1901 constitution and subsequent laws passed by the parliament regarding the legislative bodies of Kertosono and its functions. As a federation, the powers of the House of the People are somewhat more limited compared to other parliaments in unitary states, focusing mainly on fiscal matters, defense, foreign policy, and other issues or matters at hand deemed to be important at the national level.

Comprised of 260 members, most of whom are members of a political party, are elected using electoral districts. The individual method of voting differs between districts depending on how many representatives a district sends. Electoral districts which only send one representative to parliament use the first past the post method, while all others use multiple non-transferable vote. Each term lasts four years, and term limits for the House of the People have been abolished since 1975.

The current House of the People is a continuation of the Pan-Kertic Consultative Assembly established in 1873 by the Pan-Kertic Confederation aimed at easing relations and trade between the splintered Kertic states. It was unified with the newly-created House of Elders in 1901 to create the parliament of Kertosono as a compromise between the common people and the nobility. Prior to the unification of the legislatures in 1901, most independent entities of Kertosono had their own legislatures or advisory boards with varying degrees of directly-elected representatives, though most still had purely unelected legislatures, mostly coming from noble families or appointed by the monarch themselves. The idea of a bicameral parliament was first inspired by the Banyumasan legislature which had separate houses to represent the common people and the nobility.

Originally, the House of the People had equal footing with the House of Elders in an act of perfect bicameralism. Growing aspirations and calls for the lessening of royal or noble authority in the legislature prompted several reforms in the Dewan Rakyat. In 1958, the House of Elders was stripped off many of its powers, favoring the House of the People and thus making it the primary house in parliament, operating within the bounds of an imperfect bicameral system.

Current composition

The 260 members of the House of the People come from 14 different political parties and 9 independent representatives. Originally, there were only 13 parties represented. In 2020, a member of the Economic Freedom Fighters left the party and proclaimed the Anarchist Party, thus bringing the total number of parties to 14. Subsequently, some members have left their political parties in favor of becoming an independent politician.

Political party	Abbreviation	Ideology	Seats in lower house	Coalition
Kertic People's Party ꦥꦂꦠꦺꦫꦏꦾꦠ꧀ꦑꦼꦂꦠꦱꦤ Parté Rakyat Kêrtåsånå	PRK	Social Democracy	63 / 260	Governing
United Kertosono Party ꦥꦂꦠꦺꦑꦼꦂꦠꦱꦤꦩꦤꦸꦁꦒꦭ꧀ Parté Kêrtåsånå Manunggal	PKM	Liberal conservatism	41 / 260	Opposition
The Revival of the Ulama ꦲꦸꦭꦩꦤꦃꦢꦃ Ulama Nahdah	UN	Islamic democracy	38 / 260	Governing
Kertosono Islamic Union ꦱꦫꦺꦏꦠꦆꦱ꧀ꦭꦩ꧀ꦑꦼꦂꦠꦱꦤ Sarékat Islam Kêrtåsånå	SIK	Islamic socialism	27 / 260	Governing
Democratic and Just Party ꦥꦂꦠꦺꦝꦺꦩꦺꦴꦏꦿꦱꦶꦏꦢꦶꦭꦤ꧀ Parté Dhémokrasi Kadilan	PDK	Populism	18 / 260	Opposition
Democratic Platform ꦥꦁꦒꦸꦁꦝꦺꦩꦺꦴꦏꦿꦱꦶ Panggung Dhémokrasi	PD	Populism	14 / 260	Opposition
Great Kertosono ꦑꦼꦂꦠꦱꦤꦫꦪ Kêrtåsånå Råyå	KR	Right-wing populism	12 / 260	Opposition
Green Party of Kertosono ꦥꦂꦠꦺꦲꦶꦗꦺꦴꦑꦼꦂꦠꦱꦤ Parté Ijo Kêrtåsånå	PIK	Green politics	10 / 260	Neutral
Economic Freedom Fighters ꦪꦸꦝꦩꦫꦢꦶꦏꦥꦏꦸꦮꦔꦤ꧀ Yudhåmaradika Pakuwangan	YP	Left-wing populism	8 / 260	Governing
Farmer's Party ꦥꦂꦠꦺꦠꦤꦶ Parté Tani	PT	Agrarianism	6 / 260	Neutral
Communist Party of Kertosono ꦥꦂꦠꦺꦏꦺꦴꦩꦸꦤꦶꦱ꧀ꦑꦼꦂꦠꦱꦤ Parté Komunis Kêrtåsånå	PKK	Communism	5 / 260	Neutral
Rebirth ꦏꦭꦲꦶꦫꦤ꧀ꦲꦚꦂ Kalairan Anyar	KA	Ultranationalism	5 / 260	Opposition
Party of the Revival of the Ummah ꦥꦂꦠꦺꦏꦧꦁꦏꦶꦠꦤ꧀ꦲꦸꦩꦠ꧀ Parté Kabangkitan Umat	PKU	Islamic fundamentalism	3 / 260	Neutral
Anarchist Party ꦥꦂꦠꦺꦲꦄꦤꦂꦏꦶꦱ꧀ Parté Anarkis	PA	Anarchism	1 / 260	Neutral
Independents	-	-	9 / 260	Neutral
Total			260