Mokha language

Mokha
Mokhavian, Nuket, Nanay, Yesay
Nuk̠ettäjtäk, Jässäjänäjtäk, Jässäjk̠ytäjtäk
Mokha people neer the city of Kalpa circa 1915
Pronunciation	/nuc͡çɛtːæjtæk/ /jæsːæjænæjtæk/ /jæsːæjc͡çɘtæjtæk/
Native to	Mokhavia
Ethnicity	Mokha people
Native speakers	L1: 3,040,000 L2: 2,130,000
Language family	Unduk Northern Nanaic Mokha
Standard forms	Coastal
Dialects	Coastal Forest Plains Omal
Writing system	Latin alphabet, Cyrillic alphabet
Official status
Official language in	Mokhavia
Language codes
ISO 639-1	MK
ISO 639-2	MKH
ISO 639-3	MKH
Distribution of the language   Absolute majority   >50% are native speakers

The Mokha language (Mokha: Nuk̠ettäjtäk, Jässäjänäjtäk, Jässäjk̠ytäjtäk) is the language of the Mokha people (aka: Mokhavic/Mokhavian/Nuket/Nanay people), spoken on the coasts and inland of the Unduk lakes in Mokhavia, mainly the Nanay and Monay lakes. It's one of the indeginous languages spoken on the continent of Argis. It's the official working langauge of the nation of Mokhavia, spoken in the majority of the country.

Classification

Mokha is a member of the Unduk language family, the Unduk languages are a sub Paleo-Canamo language group. Most other Unduk languages are endangered. The closest living language to Mokha is the Seykel language, some linguist say Seykel is just a dialect of Mokha, in which case the closest living language is the endangered Aarnuaq language. Unlike the Southern branch of the Unduk languages, the Northern branch is quite concervative.

• Undo-Kamak ?
  • Unduk
    • Northern
      • Denayak*
      • Nanaic
        • Mokha language
        • Seykel language
      • Monaic
        • Aarnuaq language*
    • Southern
      • Yakrow language*
      • Wakro language†
      • Duwat language†

* - endangered

† - extinct language

Geographic Distribution

The Mokha language is spoken mainly in the majority north of the nation of Mokhavia, around the Unduk lakes. Historically it was spoken in a larger area around the unduk's, but with the surounding germanic and slavic tribes it has shrunked to the modern confines.
Most speakers are located on the eastern Nanay and northern Monay coasts, and around the Dene and Mäjsä rivers.

History

TBA

Phonology & Orthography

Consonants

	Labial		Alveolar		Post- Alveolar		Palatal		Velar		Uvular
	Plain	Long	Plain	Long	Plain	Long	Plain	Long	Plain	Long	Plain	Long
Nasal	m [m]	mm [mː]	n [n]	nn [nː]
Plosive	p [p]	pp [pː]	t [t]	tt [tː]					k [k]	kk [kː]	q [q]	qq [qː]
Affricate			ts [t͡s]	tts [t͡sː]	ts̠ [t͡s̝]	tts̠ [t͡s̙ː]	k̠ [c͡ç]	k̠k̠ [c͡çː]
Sibilant Fricative	v [v]	vv [vː]	s [s]	ss [sː]	s̠ [s̙]	s̠s̠ [s̙ː]			x [x]	xx [xː]
Lateral Fricative			ł [ɬ]	łł [ɬː]
Aproximant	w [w]		l [l]	ll [lː]			j [j]
Tap/Flap			r [ɾ~r]

Vowels & Vowel Harmony

	Front		Central	Back
	unrounded		unrounded	unrounded		rounded
	short	long	short	short	long	short	long
Close	i [i]	ii [iː]				u [u]	uu [uː]
Close-mid			y [ɘ]
Open-mid	e [ɛ]	ee [ɛː]				o [ɔ]	oo [ɔː]
Open	ä [æ]	ää [æː]		a [ɑ]	aa [ɑː]	([ɒ])
Harmony	ä			a

vowel harmony occurance in affixes is marked with (v)

Stress

Stress in modern Mokha is free-flowing, and dosen't convey meaning

Writing system

Mokha is written in the Unduk Alphabet, which is a modified Latin alphabet used for the Unduk languages.

Mokha Variant:

A a	Ä ä	E e	I i	J j	K k	K̠ k̠	L l	Ł ł
M m	N n	O o	P p	Q q	R r	S s	S̠ s̠	T t
Ts ts	Ts̠ ts̠	U u	V v	W w	X x	Y y

Unnoficial ways to write the special characters, seen mainly online.
Due to the fact the letter ⟨h⟩ dosen't appear in the language officially, it's usually used in combination with others:

• Ä ä → ah / ää → aah
• K̠ k̠ → kj / k̠k̠ → kkj
• Ł ł → lh / łł → llh
• S̠ s̠ → sh / s̠s̠ → ssh
• Ts̠ ts̠ → tsh / tts̠ → ttsh

Order	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25
Majuscule	A	Ä	E	I	J	K	K̠	L	Ł	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	S̠	T	Ts	Ts̠	U	V	W	X	Y
Minuscule	a	ä	e	i	j	k	k̠	l	ł	m	n	o	p	q	r	s	s̠	t	ts	ts̠	u	v	w	x	y
IPA Sound	ɑ	æ	ɛ	i	j	k	c͡ç	l	ɬ	m	n	ɔ	p	q	ɾ	s	s̙	t	t͡s	t͡s̙	u	v	w	x	ɘ

A Cyrillic script variant for Mokha was established by the Mokha Abrod Association (MAA) for Mokha people living in nations in which the script is used as primary, for ease on Electronic devices, like Computers and such. Cyrillic Variant:

А а	Аь аь	В в	Е е	И и	Й й	К к	Кь кь	Къ къ
Л л	Лъ лъ	М м	Н н	О о	П п	Р р	С с	Т т
У у	Ў ў	Х х	Ц ц	Ч ч	Ш ш	Ъ ъ	Ы ы	Ь ь
Ю ю	Я я	Яь яь

Generaly long consonants and vowels are written bydublicating the letter, but there are some exceptions:

• ää → ааь
• jää → яаь
• k̠k̠ → ккь
• qq → ккъ
• łł → ллъ
• tts → тц
• tts̠ → тч

In nations where the letter ⟨ў⟩, ⟨у⟩ is also used, but ⟨ў⟩ is preffered to minimalize confusion.

Order	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Majuscule	А	Аь	В	Е	И	Й	К	Кь	Къ	Л	Лъ	М	Н	О	П	Р	С	Т	У	Ў	Х	Ц	Ч	Ш	Ъ	Ы	Ь	Ю	Я	Яь
Minuscule	а	аь	в	е	и	й	к	кь	къ	л	лъ	м	н	о	п	р	с	т	у	ў	х	ц	ч	ш	ъ	ы	ь	ю	я	яь
IPA Sound	ɑ	æ	v	ɛ	i	j	k	c͡ç	q	l	ɬ	m	n	ɔ	p	ɾ	s	t	u	w	x	t͡s	t͡s̙	s̙	-	ɘ	◌j	ju	jɑ	jæ

Grammar

Mokha is a synthetic language that employs extensive agglutination of affixes to verbs, nouns, adjectives and numerals.

Syntax & Syllable structure

• SVO (SOV)
• possessor - possessee
• noun like adjectives
• adjective - noun
• postpositions
• Verb - Auxiliary

Mokha syllable structure is (C)(C)V(C)(C)

Nouns

Animacy

Mokha, like other Unduk languages, distinguishes animate and inanimate objects. Due to their faith, animates also include plants, fluids, and groups of animates. A food that has been processed is concidered to be inanimate, as it no longer possesses life, seen from a religeous view.

Number

Theres a distinction between animate and innanimate nouns in Number.

For Animate nouns:

• for words ending in consonants other than ⟨r, j, w⟩ the suffix -(C*)(v), with the last consonant lenghtening: k̠et (man) → k̠että (men)
• for words ending in the ⟨r, j, w⟩ consonants the suffix -(v)t: ammaj (bush) → ammajat (bushes)
• for words ending in the vowel short ⟨e⟩, the suffix -/yt: niive (fish (sin)) → niivyt (fish (plr))
• for words ending in vowels, long or short, the suffix -jt: mytä (woman) → mytäjt (women)

For Inanimate nouns:

• for words ending in consonants, the suffix -it(v): äjään (canoe) → äjäänitä(canoes)
• for words ending in the vowel short ⟨e⟩, the suffix -/ytä: kaavve (coffee (sin)) → kaavvytä (coffee (plr))
• for words ending in vowels, long or short, the suffix -jtä: meeti (comb) → meetijtä (combs)

Articles

Articles only appear after the noun

Type	Word	Аffix (consonant)	Example	Аffix (vowel)	Example
none			niivyt (fish) (plural)		attä (lichen) (singular)
definite		-(v)k	niivytäk (the fish)	-jk	attäjk (the lichen)
Proximal-demonstrative	kao	ka-	kaniivyt (these fish)	k̠-	k̠attä (this lichen)
Distal-demonstrative	łe	łu-	łuniivyt (those fish)	ł-	łattä (that lichen)
Partitive	nys̠ol	ny-	nyniivyt (some fish)	nyj-	nyjattä (some lichen)
Partitive-Collective	itäjtä	itä-	itäniivyt (most fish)	it-	itattä (most lichen)
Non-Partitive	ejnytä	ejne-	ejneniivyt (no fish)	ejn-	ejnattä (no lichen)

Cases

Mokha has a complex case system, consisting of 19 cases, wich differ from animate and inanimate nouns:

Animate
Case	end-vowel		end-consonant
	Affix	Example	Affix	Example
Nominative	-Ø	mytä (woman -NOM)	-Ø	k̠et (man -NOM)
Dative	-j	mytäj (to a woman)	-(v)j	k̠etäj (to a man)
Genative	-s̠	mytäs̠ (of a woman)	-(v)s̠	k̠etäs̠ (of a man)
Accusitive	-t	mytät (woman -ACC)	-(v)t	k̠etät (man -ACC)
Instrumental	-p	mytäp (using a woman)	-(v)p	k̠etäp (using a man)
Comitative	-ts̠	mytäts̠ (with a woman)	-(v)ts̠	k̠etäts̠ (with a man)
Comparative	-l	mytäl (than/as a woman)	-(v)l	k̠etäl (than/as a man)
Inessive	-v	mytäv (in/side a woman)	-(v)v	k̠etäv (in/side a man)
Adessive	-r	mytär (neer a woman)	-(v)r	k̠etär (neer a man)
Postessive	-ks	mytäks (behind a woman)	-(v)ks	k̠etäks (behind a man)
Superessive	-v(v)r	mytävär (on top of/above a woman)	-(v)v(v)r	k̠etävär (on top of/above a man)
Subessive	-k̠i	mytäk̠i (under a woman)	-(v)ki	k̠etäk̠i (under a man)
Allative	-m	mytäm (to/towards a woman)	-(v)m	k̠etäm (to/towards a man)
Ablative	-jo	mytäjo (from a woman)	-(v)jo	k̠etäjo (from a man)
Lative	-vi	mytävi (going in/side a woman)	-(v)vi	k̠etävi (going in/side a man)
Elative	-x	mytäx (out of a woman)	-(v)x	k̠etäx (out of a man)
Benefactial	-w(v)	mytäwä (for a woman)	-w(v)	k̠etwä (for a man)
Prolative	-n(v)	mytänä (via a woman)	-(v)n(v)	k̠etänä (via a man)

Inanimate
Case	end-vowel		end-consonant
	Affix	Example	Affix	Example
Nominative	-Ø	saaqa (snow -NOM)	-Ø	qaat (rock -NOM)
Dative	-q	saaqaq (to snow)	-(v)q	qaataq (to a rock)
Genative	-s	saaqas (of snow)	-(v)s	qaatas (of a rock)
Accusitive	-ły	saaqały (snow -ACC)	-(v)ły	qaatały (rock -ACC)
Instrumental	-p	saaqap (using snow)	-(v)p	qaatap (using a rock)
Comitative	-ty	saaqaty (with snow)	-(v)ty	qaataty (with a rock)
Comparative	-l	saaqal (than/as snow)	-(v)l	qaatal (than/as a rock)
Inessive	-vy	saaqavy (in/side snow)	-(v)vy	qaatavy (in/side a rock)
Adessive	-ly	saaqaly (neer snow)	-(ä)ly	qaataly (neer a rock)
Postessive	-xs	saaqaxs (behind snow)	-(v)xs	qaataxs (behind a rock)
Superessive	-v(v)r	saaqavar (on top of/above snow)	-(v)v(v)r	qaatavar (on top of/above a rock)
Subessive	-t(v)r	saaqatar (under snow)	-(a)t(v)r	qaatatar (under a rock)
Allative	-my	saaqamy (to/towards snow)	-(v)my	qaatamy (to/towards a rock)
Ablative	-jo	saaqajo (from snow)	-(v)jo	qaatajo (from a rock)
Lative	-wn(v)	saaqawna (going in/side snow)	-(v)wn(v)	qaatawna (going in/side a rock)
Elative	-xy	saaqaxy (out of snow)	-(v)xy	qaataxy (out of a rock)
Benefactial	-wa	saaqawa (for snow)	-wa	qaatwa (for a rock)
Prolative	-n	saaqan (via snow)	-(v)n	qaatan (via a rock)

Note: When the Comparative case is used with the comparative Comparison affix, the meaning is "than", in other use the case means "as":

sappen äs̠s̠eläl - cold as ice

sappenlaj äs̠s̠eläl - colder than ice

Adjectives

Adjectives in Mokha by default come before the noun, but they can go after if needed, nouns and verbs can be turned into adjectives via a suffix:

suffix after a consonant -(v)n: k̠et (man) → k̠etän (manly)

suffix after a vowel -n: xanäjme (tribe/clan) → xanäjmen (tribal)

example with verb-to-adjective: ässä (to freeze) → ässän (freezing)

Adjectives agree with the number and article of the noun its effecting:

ataw mytä (pretty woman) → atawat mytäjt (pretty women) → atawatak mytäjtak (the pretty women)

arun vajnax (bloody battle axe) → arunna vajnaxita (bloody battle axes) → arunnak vajnaxitak (the bloody battle axes)

Personal Pronouns

Person & Number	Singular					Plural
	1st	2nd	3d		Self	1st	2nd	3d		Self
			Animate	Inanimate				Animate	Inanimate
NOM	Kol	Ets̠i	Äj	Ym	Tajtuj	Kootä	Ets̠iitä	Äjiitä	Yntä	Tajtwiitä
DAT	Kolaj	Ets̠ij	Äjäj	Ymäj	Tajtujaj	Kootäj	Ets̠iitäj	Äjiitäj	Yntäj	Tajtwiitäj
GEN	Kolas̠	Ets̠is̠	Äjäs̠	Ymäs̠	Tajtujas̠	Kootäs̠	Ets̠iitäs̠	Äjiitäs̠	Yntäs̠	Tajtwiitäs̠
ACC	Kolat	Ets̠it	Äjät	Ymät	Tajtujat	Kootät	Ets̠iität	Äjiität	Yntät	Tajtwiität
INS	Kolap	Ets̠ip	Äjäp	Ymäp	Tajtujap	Kootäp	Ets̠iitäp	Äjiitäp	Yntäp	Tajtwiitäp
COM	Kolats̠	Ets̠its̠	Äjäts̠	Ymäts̠	Tajtujats̠	Kootäts̠	Ets̠iitäts̠	Äjiitäts̠	Yntäts̠	Tajtwiitäts̠
COMP	Kolal	Ets̠il	Äjäl	Ymäl	Tajtujal	Kootäl	Ets̠iitäl	Äjiitäl	Yntäl	Tajtwiitäl
INE	Kolav	Ets̠iv	Äjäv	Ymäv	Tajtujav	Kootäv	Ets̠iitäv	Äjiitäv	Yntäv	Tajtwiitäv
ADE	Kolar	Ets̠ir	Äjär	Ymär	Tajtujar	Kootär	Ets̠iitär	Äjiitär	Yntär	Tajtwiitär
POSTE	Kolaks	Ets̠iks	Äjäks	Ymäks	Tajtujaks	Kootäks	Ets̠iitäks	Äjiitäks	Yntäks	Tajtwiitäks
SUPE	Kolavar	Ets̠ivär	Äjävär	Ymävär	Tajtujavar	Kootävär	Ets̠iitävär	Äjiitävär	Yntävär	Tajtwiitävär
SUBE	Kolak̠i	Ets̠ik̠i	Äjäk̠i	Ymäk̠i	Tajtujak̠i	Kootäk̠i	Ets̠iitäk̠i	Äjiitäk̠i	Yntäk̠i	Tajtwiitäk̠i
ALL	Koläm	Ets̠im	Äjäm	Ymäm	Tajtujam	Kootäm	Ets̠iitäm	Äjiitäm	Yntäm	Tajtwiitäm
ABL	Kolajo	Ets̠ijo	Äjäjo	Ymäjo	Tajtujajo	Kootäjo	Ets̠iitäjo	Äjiitäjo	Yntäjo	Tajtwiitäjo
LAT	Kolavi	Ets̠ivi	Äjävi	Ymävi	Tajtujavi	Kootävi	Ets̠iitävi	Äjiitävi	Yntävi	Tajtwiitävi
ELA	Kolax	Ets̠ix	Äjäx	Ymäx	Tajtujax	Kootäx	Ets̠iitäx	Äjiitäx	Yntäx	Tajtwiitäx
BENE	Kowa	Ets̠iwä	Äjwä	Ymwä	Tajtujwa	Kootäwä	Ets̠iitäwä	Äjiitäwä	Yntäwä	Tajtwiitäwä
PROL	Kolana	Ets̠inä	Äjänä	Ymänä	Tajtujana	Kootänä	Ets̠iitänä	Äjiitänä	Yntänä	Tajtwiitänä

Possession

Mokha has possessive proclitic and enclitic affixes, the Genetive case pronouns can be used to add emphasis:

Person & Number			Proclitic form		Enclitic form
			start/end consonant	start/end vowel	start/end consonant	start/end vowel
			Affix	Affix	Affix	Affix
Singular	1st		ju-	juj-	-(v)ju	-ju
	2nd		s̠u-	s̠uj-	-s̠u
	3d	Animate	itu-	ituj-	-itu	-jtu
		Inanimate	ymu-	ymuj-	-ymu	-jmu
	Self				-(v2)ts̠u	-ts̠u
Plural	1st		nu-	nuj-	-(v)nu	-nu
	2nd		s̠tu-	s̠tuj-	-(v)s̠tu	-s̠tu
	3d	Animate	ittu-	ittuj-	-ittu	-jttu
		Inanimate	ymmu-	ymmuj-	-ymmy	-jmmu

Note: for the -j(c) suffixes, if the word ends in short ⟨e⟩ the suffixes become -/y(c):

lavitte (home) → lavittytu (his/her home)

qaane (country) → qaabyttu (their country)

Examples:

Proclitic: jukuna (my knife)
Enclitic: kojäjpats̠u kuna (i use my knife)

Proclitic: s̠ujoqoj (your dog)
Enclitic: kok̠itans̠u oqoj (i like your dog)

Proclitic: itubiły (his/her car)
Enclitic: kosas̠anitu biły (i will drive his/her car)

Verbs

Tenses/Aspect/Moods

<type-1> - verbs ending in consonants

<type-2> - verbs ending in vowels

Mood	Unwitnessed Past		Witnessed Past		Present	Future		Future in the past
	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect
Indicative	<type-1>(v)t <type-2>t	<type-1>(v)t(v)p <type-2>t(v)p	<type-1>(v)t(v)r <type-2>t(v)r	<type-1>(v)t(v)r(v)p <type-2>t(v)r(v)p	<type-1> <type-2>	<type-1>(v)n <type-2>n	<type-1>(v)n(v)p <type-2>n(v)p	<type-1>(v)mm(v) <type-2>mm(v)	<type-1>(v)mm(v)p <type-2>mm(v)p
Imperative					<type-1>(v)x <type-2>x	<type-1>(v)xn(v) <type-2>(v)xn(v)
Capabilty	<type-1>(v)ts <type-2>ts	<type-1>(v)ts(v)p <type-2>ts(v)p	<type-1>(v)ts(v)r <type-2>ts(v)r	<type-1>(v)ts(v)r(v)p <type-2>ts(v)r(v)p	<type-1>(v)s <type-2>s	<type-1>(v)ns <type-2>ns	<type-1>(v)ns(v)p <type-2>ns(v)p	<type-1>(v)mm(v)s(v) <type-2>mm(v)s(v)	<type-1>(v)mm(v)s(v)p <type-2>mm(v)s(v)p
Desiderative	<type-1>(v)k̠(v)t <type-2>k̠(v)t	<type-1>(v)k̠(v)t(v)p <type-2>k̠(v)t(v)p	<type-1>(v)k̠(v)t(v)r <type-2>k̠(v)t(v)r	<type-1>(v)k̠(v)t(v)r(v)p <type-2>k̠(v)t(v)r(v)p	<type-1>(v)k(v)j <type-2>k(v)j	<type-1>(v)k̠(v)n <type-2>k̠(v)n	<type-1>(v)k̠(v)n(v)p <type-2>k̠(v)n(v)p	<type-1>(v)k̠(v)mm(v) <type-2>k̠(v)mm(v)	<type-1>(v)k̠(v)mm(v)p <type-2>k̠(v)mm(v)p
Assertive						<type-1>(v)v(v)l <type-2>v(v)l
Hortative	<type-1>(v)v(v)t <type-2>v(v)t	<type-1>(v)v(v)t(v)p <type-2>v(v)t(v)p	<type-1>(v)v(v)t(v)r <type-2>v(v)t(v)r	<type-1>(v)v(v)t(v)r(v)p <type-2>v(v)t(v)r(v)p	<type-1>(v)v <type-2>v	<type-1>(v)v(v)n <type-2>v(v)n	<type-1>(v)v(v)n(v)p <type-2>v(v)n(v)p	<type-1>(v)v(v)mm(v) <type-2>v(v)mm(v)	<type-1>(v)v(v)mm(v)p <type-2>v(v)mm(v)p
Dehortative	<type-1>yvät <type-2>nyvät	<type-1>yvätäp <type-2>nyvätäp	<type-1>yvätär <type-2>nyvätär	<type-1>yvätäräp <type-2>nyvätäräp	<type-1>yv <type-2>nyv	<type-1>yvän <type-2>nyvän	<type-1>yvänäp <type-2>nyvänäp	<type-1>yvämä) <type-2>nyvämmä	<type-1>yvämmäp <type-2>nyvämmäp

The consonants ⟨k, t, s, l⟩ change before -e:

k → k̠e

t → ts̠e

s → s̠e

l → łe

"To"

the prefix sy(j)- is added infront of the word, before the person affix, with the aproximant meaning of "to":

• sykojorosanma? - should i eat? (lit: to i-eat ?)
• ekolka sykojejymä? - you want me to take it?

Person & Direction

The language has affixes that signal who is doing and receaving the action of the verb: note: when no subject prefix is added, the verb is in 3d person singular

Person & Number			start/end-consonant		start/end-vowel
			Affix		Affix
			Subjective	Objective	Subjective	Objective
Singular	1st		ko-	-k(v)	koj-	-k(v)
	2nd		e-	-wa	et-	-wa
	3d	Animate	Ø-	-j(v)	Ø-	-j(v)
		Inanimate	y-	-y	ym-	-my
	Self		Ø-	-tuj	Ø-	-tuj
Plural	1st		kotä-	-kot	kot-	-kot
	2nd		ets̠i-	-wat	et-	-wat
	3d	Animate	tä-	-jät	t-	-jät
		Inanimate	ytä-	-yt	yt-	-myt
	Self		Ø-	-twiit	Ø-	-twiit

The consonants ⟨k, t, s, l⟩ change before -e:

k → k̠e

t → ts̠e

s → s̠e

l → łe

Examples:

kojorosan kaajt - i will eat berries
1SG.SUBJ-eat-FUT berry-PL

koqajalkyqäwa - i *will* kick your a*s
1SG.SUBJ-AUG.beat-ASRT-2SG.OBJ

Person affixes can be dropped when one uses the pronoun to add emphasis:

Konaanap niive - i will cook a fish
1SG.SUBJ.cook-FUT.IMP fish

Kol naanap niive - i will cook a fish
1SG.NOM cook-FUT.IMP fish

Copula

Mokha has incorporated copula, but it can be separated to add emphasis, due to the language being pro-dorp, when a pronoun-copula is dropped, the copula moves behind the noun.

Person & Number			Word	end-consonant	end-vowel
				Affix	Affix
Singular	1st		vär	-(v)r	-r
	2nd		ts̠eve	-(v)j(v)	-j(v)
	3d	Animate	äs̠s̠er	-(v)s	-s
		Inanimate	ytav	-yv	-jyv
Plural	1st		värtä	-(v)r(v)j	-r(v)j
	2nd		ts̠evytä	-(v)jt(v)	-jt(v)
	3d	Animate	äs̠s̠ertä	-(v)rs(v)	-rs(v)
		Inanimate	ytavtä	-yvv(v)	-jvv(v)

Pronoun are commonly inflected:

kol vär → kolar (i am → i'm)

ets̠i ts̠eve → ets̠ijä (you are → you're)

äj äs̠s̠er → äjäs (he/she/it is → he/she/it's)

ym ytav → ymyv (it → it's)

Negation

Negation is achieved by attaching the word ej (no) infront of the word, in case of verbs, the affix nej (ny when between consonants) is put before the verb stem and/or affix:

mojas̠s̠ejyk (the living) → ejmojas̠s̠ejyk (the nonliving)

kok̠itanwa (i like you) → konyk̠itanwa (i don't like you)

łejyväju biły (that's my car) → łenejyväju biły (that isn't my car)

The consonants ⟨k, t, s, l⟩ change before -e:

k → k̠e

t → ts̠e

s → s̠e

l → łe

Adverbs

Adverbs are derived via the affix -(v)ts

kots̠ysäp istajlats (i went willingly)

esuruwa ajtixäts (she/he glared angrily at her/him)

ets̠imojas̠s̠e lottats (they lived happily)

Questions

Questions in the Mokha language are indicated via a question particle, which comes in the form of an affix.

The particle after words ending in both consonants and vowels is -m(v)
Depending on what part of the sentance it follows, it conveys difererent meaning and/or add emphasis.

(kol) kojenmä - will i run/i will run?

kolma kojen - will i run?

kovittämäwa - do i see you?

kovittäwama - do i see you?

One can add more emphasis on "you" by using the pronoun itself instead of the direction affix:

kovittä ets̠imä - do i see you?

Rhetorical questions can be formed by adding -ma to a question word

ano - who

anoma - i wonder who

Numerals

Mokha is a base 10 language.

Cardinal numbers' table
	Mokha		Seykel
	Literary	Colloqual	Literary
1	tyts̠i	tyts̠	tis̠i
2	mits̠i	mits̠	mis̠i
3	rets̠i	rets̠	les̠i
4	juts̠i	juts̠	jus̠i
5	kats̠i	kats̠	kas̠i
6	jywants̠i	jywants̠	jiwans̠i
7	nurts̠i	nurts̠	nuls̠i
8	mits̠ipyrts̠a	mits̠pyrts̠a	mis̠ipirs̠a
9	tyts̠ipyrts̠a	tyts̠pyrts̠a	tis̠ipirs̠a
10	ts̠a	ts̠a	s̠a
11	tytts̠aly	tytts̠al'	tis̠is̠awar
12	mitts̠aly	mitts̠al'	mis̠is̠awar
13	retts̠aly	retts̠al'	les̠is̠awar
14	jutts̠aly	jutts̠al'	jus̠is̠awar
15	katts̠aly	katts̠al'	kas̠is̠awar
16	jywantts̠aly	jywantts̠al'	jiwans̠is̠awar
17	nurtts̠aly	nurtts̠al'	nuls̠is̠awar
18	mits̠ipyrmitts̠a	mits̠pyrmitts̠a	mis̠ipirmiz̠a
19	tyts̠ipyrts̠a	tyts̠pyrts̠a	tis̠ipirmiz̠a
20	mitts̠a	mitts̠a	miz̠a
21	mitts̠ajtyts̠i	mitts̠ajtyts̠	miz̠atis̠i
30	retts̠a	retts̠a	lez̠a
40	jutts̠a	jutts̠a	juz̠a
50	katts̠a	katts̠a	kaz̠a
60	jywantts̠a	jywantts̠a	jiwans̠a
70	nurtts̠a	nurtts̠a	nurs̠a
80	mitts̠apyrajly	mitts̠aprajy	miz̠apiraali
90	ts̠apyrajly	ts̠aprajy	s̠apiraali
100	ajly	ajy	aali
101	ajlyjtyts̠i	ajyjtyts̠	aaliitis̠i
110	ajlyjts̠a	ajyjts̠a	aaliis̠a
111	ajlyjtytts̠avar	ajyjtytts̠a'ar	aaliis̠aatis̠i
200	mits̠ajly	mits̠ajy	miz̠aali
500	kats̠ajly	kats̠ajy	kaz̠aali
800	mits̠ajlypyrakkäjpa	mits̠ajyprakkäjpa	miz̠aalipiragaapa
900	ajlypyrakkäjpa	ajyprakkäjpa	aalipiragaapa
1 000	akkäjpa	akkäjpa	agaapa
1 999	akkäjpaj- ajlypyrakkäjpaj- ts̠apyrajlyj- tyts̠ipyrts̠a	akkäjpaj- ajyprakkäjpaj- ts̠aprajyj- tyts̠iprts̠a	agaapaa- aalipiragaabaa- s̠apiraalii- tis̠ipirs̠a
2 000	mits̠akkäjpa	mits̠akkäjpa	miz̠agaapa
1 000 000	ts̠otats̠i	ts̠otats̠	s̠otas̠i

Lexicon

Mokha has a smaller core vocabulary than, for example, English, and uses derivational suffixes to a greater extent.

Examples of Mokha derivational suffixes:

Suffix	Used to create...	Example(s)
-(j)ap / -(j)äp	agents from verbs	runar "to heal" → runarap "healer"
-(j)atta / -(j)ättä	collective nouns	puk "a book" → pukatta "a library" kittsä "a ship" → kittsäjättä "navy, fleet"
-(a/ä)we	instruments or tools	as̠s̠am "to mix" → as̠s̠amawe "a whisk, mixer"
-(p)a / -(p)ä	verbs from nouns or adjectives	tääm "rain" → täämä "to rain" ajno "light" → ajnopa "to glow"
-(j)pri	verb or instruments	kajva "to dig" → kajvajpri "an excavator" kittsä "a ship" → kittsäjpri "shipper, shipmaster"
-nil	passive form of the verb	vittä "to see" → vittänil "seeing"
-(a/ä)je	nouns from verbs or adjectives	kal "to fight" → kalaje "a fight" vittä "to see" → vittäje "vision" neetaa "new" → neetaaje "new(s)/newspaper"
-(a/ä)tyn	adjectives indicating the lack of something	lavitte "home" → lavittetyn "homeless"
-(a/ä)n	adjectives from nouns/verbs	tajtuj "self" → tajtujan "selfish" naa "cook" → naan "cooked"
-(a/ä)ts	adverbs from nouns/verbs	lotta "happiness" → lottats "happily"
-s̠ol	diminutives of nouns	tats̠an "reindeer" → tats̠ans̠ol "reindeer calf" niive "fish" → niives̠ol "little fish"
qa(j)-	augmentatives of nouns	xaama "chieftain" → qaxaama "great chieftain" qaat "stone/rock" → qaqaat "boulder"
-maa / -mää	locations (places related to the stem)	oqoj "a dog" → oqojmaa "a doghouse" Ateen "Ateenian person" → Ateenmää "Ateenia"
-k̠e -ys̠wa	inhabitants (of places), among others	jässäj "north" → jässäjk̠e "north(ern) person or thing" nanuuk "holy" → nanuukys̠wa "shaman, holy person or thing"
-(a)jtak / -(ä)jtäk	language of noun	Ateen "Ateenian person" → Ateenäjtäk "Ateenian language" jässäjk̠yt "north(ern) people" → Jässäjk̠ytäjtäk "north(ern) people's language"

Comparison affixes are used to alter the meaning of adjectives and adverbs:

Possitive - basic form of the word: lottan (happy)

Negative - negation of the word: ejlottan (unhappy)

Comparitive - Form for comparison relative to something: lottanlaj (happier)

Superlative - Form showing absolute relative to a group: julottan (happiest)

Dialects

WIP

Language Examples

Basic greetings and phrases

Mokha	Translation	Notes
Greetings
(Teelan) Västä!	(Good) morning!
(Teelan) Yva!	(Good) day!	Used on greeting and also when taking farewell
(Teelan) Mijako!	(Good) evening! lit, "Good Night"	Used on greeting and also when taking farewell
Karikkä Mijako! Karikkä! Mijako!	Good night! Night! lit, "Light Night!"
Erunäx	Hello! lit. "Be Healthy!"	Used on greeting, singular form
Ets̠irunä	Hello! lit. "Be Healthy!"	Used on greeting, plural form
Eru Xej	Hi Hey	Used on greeting
Moj! Xej xej!	Bye!	Used when taking farewell
K̠ylaamets	See you later!	Lit. the passive form of nähdä "to see"
K̠yvittänil	Goodbye!	Lit. "Until seeing"
K̠ytassuvittänil	Goodbye / Farewell	Used when taking farewell, and you're not going to see them soon
Perwäs Kowtät!	Nice to meet you!	Lit, "It's pleasant to me"
Neaja? Ts̠ene Matlojyv?	How are you? How's it going?	Singular form, "Ts̠ene Kamlojyv" lit, means "what is happening"
Neajta? Ts̠ene Kamlojyv?	How are you? How's it going?	Plural form
Teelan, Komikowa	Fine, thank you. Well, thank you.	Kiitos hyvää is an appropriate response to Mitä kuuluu?, whereas Kiitos hyvin is an appropriate response to Miten menee?
Teelanittatap!	Welcome!
Important words and phrases
Emittekä	Excuse me
Kok̠iitwa	Please
Komikowa, jä Ets̠im	Thank you, likewise	Lit. "thank you, and to you" (used as a response to well-wishing)
Eteelapan	You're welcome	Lit. "be good", also used when giving someone something to mean "here you are"
Ejräjyv	Certainly / yes / of course	lit, "it's understandable"
Ja	Yeah	More informal than kyllä
Ajta, Aj	Yes
Ej	No
Etalas?	Can you help?
Ala!	Help!
Kojelam	I'm sorry
Kojelamwa	I pitty you	lit, "i'm sorry to you", just "Kojelam" can be used as well, and other directions can be added.
Eväläx	Wait
Tyts̠in moment Moment	One moment
Kojyrä	I understand
Konejyrä	I don't understand
S̠avjek̠erajtmaa	Mokhavia
Nuk̠ettäjtäk Jässäjänäjtäk Jässäjk̠ytäjtäk	Mokha/Mokhavian (language)	"Nuk̠ettäjtäk" lit, means "our people's language" "Jässäjänäjtäk" lit, means "Norhtern language" "Jässäjk̠ytäjtäk" lit, means "Northerners' language"
jässäjk̠e	Mokha/Mokhavian (noun)	lit, "Northerner"
jässäjk̠en	Mokha/Mokhavian (adjective)
Kojäjnäjtäsänu k̠ettäjtäk Kojäjnäjtäs Jässäjänäjtäk Kojäjnäjtäs Jässäjk̠ytäjtäk	I (can) speak Mokha	"Kojäjnäjtäsänu k̠ettäjtäk" lit, means "i can speak our people's language", so it isn't used that much
Konejäjnäjtäsänu k̠ettäjtäk Konejäjnäjtäs Jässäjänäjtäk Konejäjnäjtäs Jässäjk̠ytäjtäk	I don't/can't speak Mokha	"Konäjnäjtäsänu k̠ettäjtäk" lit, means "i can't speak our people's language", so it isn't used that much

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

 Article I: 
 English: 
 All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
 
 Mokha (Latin):
 Vette k̠etänna kumajtarsa etottyn jerennä jä wintajt ets̠e mäjraj jä antejyt. Yslajanaja ets̠e ovä jä avre enaatuj tajtwiitäm ets̠e ukkamajattas̠ kamuj.
 
 Mokha  (Cyrillic):
 Ветте кьетаьнна кумайтарса етотты йереннаь яь ўинтайт ече маьйрай яь антейыт. Ыслаяная ече оваь яь авре енаатуй тайтўиитаьм ече уккамаятташ камуй.