Kolhar: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox country | {{Infobox country | ||
| conventional_long_name = Federal State of Kolhar | | conventional_long_name = Federal State of Kolhar | ||
| native_name = {{Phagspa|h|ꡀꡟꡂ | | native_name = {{Phagspa|h|ꡀꡟꡂ ꡘꡠꡋꡌꡦꡋ ꡞ ꡢꡡꡘꡦꡘ}}<br/>{{resize|90%|<i>kug renpan i qorar</i>}} | ||
| common_name = Kolhar | | common_name = Kolhar | ||
| status = | | status = | ||
| Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
| religion = | | religion = | ||
| demonym = Kolhari | | demonym = Kolhari | ||
| government_type = {{wp| | | government_type = {{wp|Federation|Federal}} {{wp|Presidential system|presidential}} {{wp|republic}} under a {{wp|One-party state|Single-party}} {{wp|authoritarian}} {{wp|dictatorship}} | ||
| leader_title1 = [[Davil of the Federal State of Kolhar|Davil]] | | leader_title1 = [[Davil of the Federal State of Kolhar|Davil]] | ||
| leader_name1 = [[Arez Brionan]] | | leader_name1 = [[Arez Brionan]] | ||
| Line 33: | Line 33: | ||
| leader_name2 = | | leader_name2 = | ||
| legislature = [[Congress of the Federal State of Kolhar|Congress]] | | legislature = [[Congress of the Federal State of Kolhar|Congress]] | ||
| sovereignty_type = | | sovereignty_type = Independence | ||
| sovereignty_note = | | sovereignty_note = from [[Mito]] | ||
| established_event1 = | | established_event1 = | ||
| established_date1 = | | established_date1 = | ||
| Line 94: | Line 94: | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
{{Main|Names of Kolhar}} | |||
The name for Kolhar written in [[Kolhari language|Kolhari]] is {{Phagspa|h|ꡢꡡꡘꡦꡘ}} and pronounced ''qorar''. Before the adoption of this name, the [[Sheng dynasty]] referred to the country as ''Kolkug'' (written 戈國). Later Kolhari scribes would abandon this Sheng writing, due to the fact that the characterand 戈 also referred to a type of tool (specifically an axe). They instead wrote the name of the country as 高春, meaning "great spring" or "high spring" and read it as "Kolhar". Over time this would evolve into the modern pronunciation ''qorar''. | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
===Early Settlement=== | ===Early Settlement=== | ||
The earliest record of human settlement on the islands of Kolhar date back to 30,000 BCE. During this time an ancient {{wp|hunter-gatherer}} culture existed on the island. Starting from around 700 BCE there was a large migration to the islands. Based on the records of the tools used, these people are believed to be proto-[[Mito]]nese, and would continue to migrate to the island until roughly 1 CE. Around 400 BCE a separate wave of migration to Kolhar began from the east, where proto-Kolhari's migrated from the Aurelian mainland to the island. | The earliest record of human settlement on the islands of Kolhar date back to 30,000 BCE. During this time an ancient paleolithic {{wp|hunter-gatherer}} culture existed on the island. 15,000 BCE saw the development of some rudimentary agriculture and the first signs of pottery on the islands. Starting from around 700 BCE there was a large migration to the islands from the north. Based on the records of the tools used, these people are believed to be proto-[[Mito]]nese, and would continue to migrate to the island until roughly 1 CE. Around 400 BCE a separate wave of migration to Kolhar began from the east, where proto-Kolhari's migrated from the Aurelian mainland to the island. These combined developments led to the introduction of metallurgy from the Sheng dynasty to the north. However, they also led to a sustained conflict between the Kolharic and Mitonic migrants. | ||
The first written records of Kolhar appear in the Sheng ''Book of the Seas''. Compiled in 75 CE, it describes Kolhar as divided between more than 100 ''states'', though modern historians generally regard these to be advanced tribal communities that were on the verge of becoming city-states. The first ''state'' that has archaeological evidence to back up its existence is [[Sankug]], written 散國. It is unclear when this country came into existence, however archaeological evidence dates back to at least 230 CE. Sheng writings indicate them having received an embassy from them in 329 CE. Written records from the Sheng dynasty indicate this state spoke not a proto-Kolhari language, but a proto-Mitonic language. A base vocabulary compiled by the Sheng show far more words with Mitonese roots than Kolharic roots, and a description of the grammar indicates a language closely related to proto-Mitonese. The second ''state'' with archaeological evicende would be that of [[Kolkug]], written 戈國. It is also unclear when this country came into existence, however the earliest archaeological evidence of dates back to roughly 290 CE. Sheng writings indicate them having received an embassy from them in 343 CE. Sheng records indicate this country to be the first state that speaks a Kolharic language to come into existence in the region. | |||
==Politics== | ==Politics== | ||
Kolhari politics take place in the framework of a {{wp|Presidential system|presidential}} {{wp|republic}}. The [[Davil of Kolhar|Davil]] acts as both the {{wp|head of state}} and {{wp|head of government}}. According to the constitution there are limits places on the Davil's power, however in practice the Davil wields unlimited and unchecked political authority through the entire country. | [[File:Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow (2017-10-11) 02.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Arez Brionan]], the current [[Davil of Kolhar]]]] | ||
Kolhari politics take place in the framework of a {{wp|Presidential system|presidential}} {{wp|republic}}. The [[Davil of Kolhar|Davil]] acts as both the {{wp|head of state}} and {{wp|head of government}}. According to the constitution there are limits places on the Davil's power, however in practice the Davil wields unlimited and unchecked political authority through the entire country. The current [[Davil of Kolhar]] is [[Arez Brionan]], who has ruled the country since the 1990 Kolhari Davil election. He it was reported that he won that election with 93.7% of the vote, however the election was widely regarded as a sham. | |||
While officially the law allows opposition political parties, in practice no political party has official recognition aside from the [[Kolhari Advancement Party]], and the country operates as a ''de facto'' {{wp|one-party state}}. | |||
===Human Rights=== | |||
Human rights are severely curtailed within Kolhar, with many rights being regularly ignored or violated. | |||
The law of Kolhar protects {{wp|freedom of religion}}, and people are generally free to practice any religion they please privately. However, public expression of religion is generally prohibited. Religious leaders are prohibited from making any sort of political statements opposing the government, with any violations of this resulting in harsh reprisals from authorities. The government regularly monitors religious organizations of all types, mostly to ensure that nothing political is being discussed in religious sermons. | |||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
==Demographics== | ==Demographics== | ||
===Religion=== | |||
According to the results of the 2017 census, roughly 73% of Kolhari people identified as belonging to [[Qodism]]. Another 16% identified as [[Phosattism|Phosattist]], with the strongest presence of Phosattist being in the west of the country. 5% identified as belonging to Tikism, and the remaining 6% were divided between {{wp|atheism|atheists}} or belong to various other religions. | |||
Qodism is the traditional Kolhari religion, and the largest religion followed in Kolhar. It is characterized by strong {{wp|veneration of the dead|ancestor worship}}, with the religion explicitly teaching that there are no more living deities. Instead, many figures worshipped in Qodism are viewed as ancestors. | |||
Phosattism was introduced to Kolhar in the 430's. It was introduced by many escaping the crackdown on the [[Lotus Uprisings]] in the late Sheng dynasty, and was quickly adopted by the proto-Mitonese population of the time. When the proto-Mitonese in Kolhar assimilated into Kolhari culture, they carried over their religion. Eventually Phosattism gained a respected place in Kolhari society, becoming an accepted minority religion. Many Phosattist religious figures were regarded as spiritual leaders and wise advisors, with them being employed by Kolhari nobility at many points in history. | |||
==Culture== | ==Culture== | ||
{{Eurth}} | {{Eurth}} | ||
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]] | [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:26, 10 September 2023
This Eurth-related article is a stub.Federal State of Kolhar ꡀꡟꡂ ꡘꡠꡋꡌꡦꡋ ꡞ ꡢꡡꡘꡦꡘ kug renpan i qorar | |
|---|---|
 | |
Anthem: "Hail, Our Nation!" | |
| Capital | Vakor |
| Other languages | Kolhari |
| Demonym(s) | Kolhari |
| Government | Federal presidential republic under a Single-party authoritarian dictatorship |
• Davil | Arez Brionan |
| Legislature | Congress |
| Independence from Mito | |
| Area | |
• Total | 239,930 km2 (92,640 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Estimate | 39,534,000 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total |  $590.321 billion |
• Per capita | $14,932 |
| Date format | YYYY-MM-DD |
| Driving side | left |
| Internet TLD | |
 | This article or section is in the process of an expansion or major restructuring. You are welcome to assist in its construction by editing it as well. If this article or section has not been edited in several days, please remove this template. If you are the editor who added this template and you are actively editing, please be sure to replace this template with {{in use}} during the active editing session. Click on the link for template parameters to use.
This article was last edited by KudoJin (talk | contribs) 14 months ago. (Update timer) |
Kolhar, officially the Federal State of Kolhar, is an island nation in Aurelia. It covers 239,930 km2 spread across 2 large islands, alongside a number of smaller islands. Most of these islands are in a desert climate, though the eastern portion of the main island is home to a relatively more moderate climate. It has a population of about 39,534,000 people, mostly concentrated in the eastern side of the island and along the countries rivers.
Etymology
The name for Kolhar written in Kolhari is ꡢꡡꡘꡦꡘ and pronounced qorar. Before the adoption of this name, the Sheng dynasty referred to the country as Kolkug (written 戈國). Later Kolhari scribes would abandon this Sheng writing, due to the fact that the characterand 戈 also referred to a type of tool (specifically an axe). They instead wrote the name of the country as 高春, meaning "great spring" or "high spring" and read it as "Kolhar". Over time this would evolve into the modern pronunciation qorar.
History
Early Settlement
The earliest record of human settlement on the islands of Kolhar date back to 30,000 BCE. During this time an ancient paleolithic hunter-gatherer culture existed on the island. 15,000 BCE saw the development of some rudimentary agriculture and the first signs of pottery on the islands. Starting from around 700 BCE there was a large migration to the islands from the north. Based on the records of the tools used, these people are believed to be proto-Mitonese, and would continue to migrate to the island until roughly 1 CE. Around 400 BCE a separate wave of migration to Kolhar began from the east, where proto-Kolhari's migrated from the Aurelian mainland to the island. These combined developments led to the introduction of metallurgy from the Sheng dynasty to the north. However, they also led to a sustained conflict between the Kolharic and Mitonic migrants.
The first written records of Kolhar appear in the Sheng Book of the Seas. Compiled in 75 CE, it describes Kolhar as divided between more than 100 states, though modern historians generally regard these to be advanced tribal communities that were on the verge of becoming city-states. The first state that has archaeological evidence to back up its existence is Sankug, written 散國. It is unclear when this country came into existence, however archaeological evidence dates back to at least 230 CE. Sheng writings indicate them having received an embassy from them in 329 CE. Written records from the Sheng dynasty indicate this state spoke not a proto-Kolhari language, but a proto-Mitonic language. A base vocabulary compiled by the Sheng show far more words with Mitonese roots than Kolharic roots, and a description of the grammar indicates a language closely related to proto-Mitonese. The second state with archaeological evicende would be that of Kolkug, written 戈國. It is also unclear when this country came into existence, however the earliest archaeological evidence of dates back to roughly 290 CE. Sheng writings indicate them having received an embassy from them in 343 CE. Sheng records indicate this country to be the first state that speaks a Kolharic language to come into existence in the region.
Politics
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Kolhari politics take place in the framework of a presidential republic. The Davil acts as both the head of state and head of government. According to the constitution there are limits places on the Davil's power, however in practice the Davil wields unlimited and unchecked political authority through the entire country. The current Davil of Kolhar is Arez Brionan, who has ruled the country since the 1990 Kolhari Davil election. He it was reported that he won that election with 93.7% of the vote, however the election was widely regarded as a sham.
While officially the law allows opposition political parties, in practice no political party has official recognition aside from the Kolhari Advancement Party, and the country operates as a de facto one-party state.
Human Rights
Human rights are severely curtailed within Kolhar, with many rights being regularly ignored or violated.
The law of Kolhar protects freedom of religion, and people are generally free to practice any religion they please privately. However, public expression of religion is generally prohibited. Religious leaders are prohibited from making any sort of political statements opposing the government, with any violations of this resulting in harsh reprisals from authorities. The government regularly monitors religious organizations of all types, mostly to ensure that nothing political is being discussed in religious sermons.
Geography
Demographics
Religion
According to the results of the 2017 census, roughly 73% of Kolhari people identified as belonging to Qodism. Another 16% identified as Phosattist, with the strongest presence of Phosattist being in the west of the country. 5% identified as belonging to Tikism, and the remaining 6% were divided between atheists or belong to various other religions.
Qodism is the traditional Kolhari religion, and the largest religion followed in Kolhar. It is characterized by strong ancestor worship, with the religion explicitly teaching that there are no more living deities. Instead, many figures worshipped in Qodism are viewed as ancestors.
Phosattism was introduced to Kolhar in the 430's. It was introduced by many escaping the crackdown on the Lotus Uprisings in the late Sheng dynasty, and was quickly adopted by the proto-Mitonese population of the time. When the proto-Mitonese in Kolhar assimilated into Kolhari culture, they carried over their religion. Eventually Phosattism gained a respected place in Kolhari society, becoming an accepted minority religion. Many Phosattist religious figures were regarded as spiritual leaders and wise advisors, with them being employed by Kolhari nobility at many points in history.
