Haydag language

Haydag
Qazh, Qash, Qazhshavan
хайдага
Pronunciation	[xajdaɣa]
Native to	Qazhshava Mokhavia
Region	Southern Thuadia
Ethnicity	Mokhavians
Native speakers	L1 (Anteria): 58,400,000 L2 (Anteria): 24,600,000 L1 (Eurth): 4,570,000 L2 (Eurth): 630,000
Language family	Paleo-Qazhshavan Elmo-Adusian Adusian Upper Haydag
Standard forms	Coastal
Dialects	Coastal Inland Southern Nashean
Writing system	Govoric
Official status
Official language in	Qazhshava
Recognised minority language in	Riamo Republic of Gomaya City of Nashe Mokhavia
Language codes
ISO 639-1	hd
ISO 639-2	hdg
ISO 639-3	-

Anteria

The Mokhavian language is the widely spoken of it's family, called Mokhavic, and the official language of the nation of Qazhshava. It is an ancient Thuadian tounge with no known ancestral conection to the surrounding Thuado-Thrismaran languages.

Eurth

The mokhavian langauge is an indigenous langauge spoken in central Argis, it is believed to be conected to the Vostauc langauges, mainly the Elmoric langauge, due to similar cognates, this hypothesis states that the Vostauc-Mokhavic langauges split around 5000 BCE.

Classification

As of yet, any attempts to link the Mokhavian languages to any other languages in the world have failed, altough some still believe its a very old relative to the Thuado-Thrismaran languages/Indo-European languages, which is only backed up by similar features which have been speculated and some proven to have come due to influence from said languages, and some reconstructed-proto words and existign root words that seem to have been borrowod from early forms of the slavic and germanic languages.

Dialects

The standart form of the Mokhavian language is based on the mezhian dialect, also known as the Southern Hill dialect.

History

TBA

Phonology

Consonants

		Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Post- alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular
Nasal		m		n			ŋ~ɴ
Plosive	voiceless	p	t				k	q
	voiced	b	d
Affricate	voiceless			t͡s t͡ɬ	t͡s̙
	voiced			d͡z	d͡z̙
Fricative	voiceless	f		s	s̙ (s̙ʷ)		x
	voiced	v	ð (ðʷ)	z	z̙		ɣ (ɣʷ)
Aproximant	voiced	w		l ɬ		j ɥ
	voiceless	ʍ
Tap & Trill	voiced		ɾ

Vowels

	Front		Central		Back
	R-	R+	R-	R+	R-	R+
Close	i		ɨ		ɯ̞	u
Open-Mid	ɛ					ɔ
Open	a~ɑ

Stress

Stress in Mokhavian used to fall on the first syllable of the root, and rarely on other syllables, but in the last few decades a stress shift has occured and currently stress isnt of much importance, mostly depending on the speaker.

Writing System

Mokhavian is written using the Govoric script, which was adopted around the 11th century, and used ever sence
Govoric version:

А а	Б б	В в	Г г	Д д	Дз дз	Е е	Ж ж	Ӝ ӝ	З з	Ҙ ҙ
И и	Й й	К к	Ӄ ӄ	Л л	Ԓ ԓ	М м	Н н	Ӈ ӈ	О о	П п
Р р	С с	Т т	Тԓ тԓ	У у	Ў ў	Ӱ ӱ	Ф ф	Х х	Хў хў	Ц ц
Ч ч	Ӵ ӵ	Ш ш	Ы ы	Ӹ ӹ	Ь ь	Ю ю	Я я

In the late 18th cnetury Lakhian and Lakkathan traders and travlers coming back from the Qazhshavan colony in Encessia brought back the Mkhedruli script which was adopted for their languages, due to the area being hard to access at the time, literacy rates in the mountains were low compared to other regions and the Mkhedruli script started being tought by locals to locals, eventually becoming part of the culture there.

Detailed table

Govoric	Name	IPA	Rom.	Mkhe.	Notes
А а	а	/a~ɑ/	a	ა	/ɐ/ when reduced.
Б б	бӹ	/b/	b	ბ
В в	вӹ	/v/	v	ვ
Г г	гӹ	/ɣ/	g	გ/ღ
Д д	дӹ	/d/	d	დ
Дз дз	дзӹ	/d͡z/	dz	ძ
Е е	е	/ɛ/	e	ე	/e~ɪ/ when reduced.
Ж ж	жӹ	/z̙/	ž	ჟ
Ӝ ӝ	жӹ	/d͡z̙/	Ǧ ǧ	ჯ
З з	зӹ	/z/	z	ზ
Ҙ ҙ	ҙӹ	/ð/	đ	ზ̭
И и	и	/i/	i	ი
Й й	йӹ	/j/	y	ი́	It appears as a first letter and after a vowel.
К к	кӹ	/k/	k	ქ
Ӄ ӄ	ӄӹ	/q/	q	ყ
Л л	лӹ	/l/	l	ლ	In words, between vowels gets changed to ⟨ԓ⟩. (aҙыл -> aҙыԓым)
Ԓ ԓ	ԓӹ	/ɬ/	ł	ლ᷄
Тԓ тԓ	тԓӹ	/t͡ɬ/	tł	თლ᷄
М м	мӹ	/m/	m	მ
Н н	нӹ	/n/	n	ნ	In words, between vowels gets changed to ⟨ӈ⟩. (єн -> єӈым)
Ӈ ӈ	ӈӹ	/ŋ~ɴ/	ň	ნ̭
О о	о	/ɔ/	o	ო
П п	пӹ	/p/	p	ფ
Р р	рӹ	/ɾ/, /r/	r	რ
С с	сӹ	/s/	s	ს
Т т	тӹ	/t/	t	თ
У у	у	/u/	u	უ
Ў ў	ўӹ	/w/	w	ვ́
Ӱ ӱ	ӱӹ	/ɥ/	ÿ	უ́
Ф ф	фӹ	/f/	f	ჶ
х х	хӹ	/x/	h	ხ
Хў хў	хўӹ	/ʍ/	hw	ჰ
Ц ц	цӹ	/t͡s/	c	წ
Ч ч	чӹ	/t͡s̙/	č	ჩ	Used only in foreign words.
Ӵ ӵ	чӹ	/c͡ç/	ć	ჭ
Ш ш	шӹ	/s̙/	š	შ
Ы ы	ы	/ɨ/	ï	ი̈
Ӹ ӹ	ӹ	/ɯ̞/	ü	ი̋	Usually written as /ɯ/ in phonetic transcriptions. Commonly pronounced as /ɤ/ in casual conversation, /ə/ when reduced.
Ь ь	єр бовал	/◌ʲ/	y	ი́	Used after consonants.
Ю ю	ю	/ju/	yu	ი́უ
Я я	я	/ja/	ya/е	ი́ა

Braille

TBA

Keyboard layout

TBA

Grammar

Syllable structure

Mokhavian's syllable structure is classed as fairly complex.

• (C)(C)V(C)(C)

Number

Mokha Number	Singular	Plural
Affix	Ø	-(ⓥ)х
Examples	пушы (dog) ӵур (tent) машўата (eye)	пушых (dogs) ӵурух (tents) машўатах (eyes)

• ⓥ - vowel harmony (simple)

Vowel Harmony

Mokha Vowel Harmony	Front			Central		Back
						R-	R+
Vowel	a /a/	е /ɛ/	и /i/	ы /ɨ/		ӹ /ɯ̞/	у /u/	о /ɔ/
Simple	a	e		ӹ			у
Complex	ӹ	и		ы		ӹ	у

• Simple harmony is the common one that apears in the majority suffixes
• Complex harmony apears in a few suffixes, like personal possessive and articles.

Articles

Type	Word	Аffix	Example
Proximal-demonstrative	гоӈӹй	-н/ӈⓥг	ӄaӈӹг (this rock)
Distal-demonstrative	гойӹй	-йⓥг	ӄaйӹг (that rock)
Partitive	докай	-кⓥй	ӄakӹй (some rocks)
Partitive-Collective	сокай	-сⓥй	ӄaсӹй (most rocks)
Non-Partitive	рукӹй	-рⓥй	ӄaрӹй (no rocks)

• ⓥ - vowel harmony (complex)

Cases

Haydag has 18 grammatical cases:

I declension - words ending in consonants other than fricatives & aproximants
Case Name	Indefinite		Definite
	Suffix	Example	Suffix	Example
Nominative	-Ø	гайд (a canoe - NOM)	-ⓥл	гайдaл (the canoe - NOM)
Genitive	-ⓥр	гайдaр (of a canoe)	-ⓥрⓥл	гайдaрaл (of the canoe)
Dative	-ⓥб	гайдaб (((giving)to a canoe)	-ⓥбⓥл	гайдaбaл (((giving)to the canoe)
Accusative	-ⓥт	гайдат (a canoe - ACC)	-ⓥтԓ	гайдатԓ (the canoe - ACC)
Instrumental	-ⓥӝⓥ	гайдaӝа (using a canoe)	-ⓥӝⓥл	гайдaӝал (using the canoe)
Comitative	-ⓥў	гайдaў (with a canoe)	-ⓥўⓥл	гайдaўaл (with the canoe)
Comparative	-ⓥӱⓥ	гайдaӱа (than a canoe)	-ⓥӱⓥл	гайдaӱaл (than the canoe)
Inessive	-ⓥхўⓥ	гайдахўа (in(side) a canoe)	-ⓥхўⓥл	гайдахўaл (in(side) the canoe)
Adessive	-ⓥӈ	гайдаӈ (neer a canoe)	-ⓥӈⓥл	гайдаӈал (neer the canoe)
Postessive	-ⓥԓⓥ	гайдaԓa (behind a canoe)	-ⓥԓⓥл	гайдаԓал (behind the canoe)
Superessive	-ⓥг	гайдаг (on top of a canoe)	-ⓥгⓥл	гайдагал (on top of the canoe)
Subessive	-ⓥш	гайдаш (under a canoe)	-ⓥшⓥл	гайдашал (under the canoe)
Allative	-ⓥв	гайдав (towards a canoe)	-ⓥвⓥл	гайдавал (towards the canoe)
Ablative	-ⓥй	гайдай (from a canoe)	-ⓥйⓥл	гайдайал (from the canoe)
Lative	-ⓥжⓥ	гайдажа (in(side) a canoe)	-ⓥжⓥл	гайдажал (in(side) the canoe)
Elative	-ⓥшӄⓥ	гайдашӄа (out of a canoe)	-ⓥшӄⓥл	гайдашӄал (out of the canoe)
Benefactial	-ⓥҙⓥ	гайдаҙа (for (the benefit of) a canoe)	-ⓥҙⓥл	гайдаҙал (for (the benefit of) the canoe)
Vocative	-е	гайде (canoe!)	-ⓥл	гайдел ((the) canoe!)

• ⓥ - vowel harmony (simple)

II declension - words ending in fricatives & aproximants
Case Name	Indefinite		Definite
	Suffix	Example	Suffix	Example
Nominative	-Ø	ԓaй (breath - NOM)	-ⓥл	ԓaял (the breath - NOM)
Genitive	-ⓥр	ԓaйяр (of a canoe)	-рⓥл	ԓaйрaл (of the canoe)
Dative	-ⓥб	ԓaйaб ((giving)to a canoe)	-бⓥл	ԓaйбaл ((giving)to the canoe)
Accusative	-ⓥт	ԓaят (a canoe - ACC)	-ⓥтԓ	ԓaятԓ (the canoe - ACC)
Instrumental	-ӝⓥ	ԓaйӝа (using a canoe)	-ӝⓥл	ԓaйӝал (using the canoe)
Comitative	-ⓥў	ԓaяў (with a canoe)	-ⓥўⓥл	ԓaяўaл (with the canoe)
Comparative	-ӱⓥ	ԓaйӱа (than a canoe)	-ӱⓥл	ԓaйӱaл (than the canoe)
Inessive	-хўⓥ	ԓaйхўа (in(side) a canoe)	-хўⓥл	ԓaйхўaл (in(side) the canoe)
Adessive	-ⓥӈ	ԓaяӈ (neer a canoe)	-ӈⓥл	ԓaйӈал (neer the canoe)
Postessive	-ԓⓥ	ԓaйԓa (behind a canoe)	-ⓥԓⓥл	ԓaйԓал (behind the canoe)
Superessive	-ⓥг	ԓaяг (on top of a canoe)	-гⓥл	ԓaйгал (on top of the canoe)
Subessive	-шⓥ	ԓaяш (under a canoe)	-шⓥл	ԓaйшал (under the canoe)
Allative	-ⓥв	ԓaяв (towards a canoe)	-вⓥл	ԓaйвал (towards the canoe)
Ablative	-ⓥй	ԓaяй (from a canoe)	-ⓥйⓥл	ԓaяял (from the canoe)
Lative	-жⓥ	ԓaйжа (in(side) a canoe)	-жⓥл	ԓaйжал (in(side) the canoe)
Elative	-ⓥшӄⓥ	ԓaяшӄа (out of a canoe)	-ⓥшӄⓥл	ԓaяшӄал (out of the canoe)
Benefactial	-ҙⓥ	ԓaйҙа (for (the benefit of) a canoe)	-ҙⓥл	ԓaйҙал (for (the benefit of) the canoe)
Vocative	-е	ԓaйе (canoe!)	-ⓥл	ԓaял ((the) canoe!)

• ⓥ - vowel harmony (simple)
• note that since ⟨й⟩ meets ⟨a⟩, it becomes ⟨я⟩

III declension - words ending in vowels
Case Name	Indefinite		Definite
	Suffix	Example	Suffix	Example
Nominative	-Ø	тԓешы (a river - NOM)	-л	тԓешыл (the river - NOM)
Genitive	-р	тԓешыр (of a river)	-рⓥл	тԓешырӹл (of the river)
Dative	-б	тԓешыб ((giving)to a river)	-бⓥл	тԓешыбӹл ((giving)to the river)
Accusative	-т	тԓешыт (a river - ACC)	-тԓ	тԓешытԓ (the river - ACC)
Instrumental	-ӝⓥ	тԓешыӝӹ (using a river)	-ӝⓥл	тԓешыӝӹл (using the river)
Comitative	-ў	тԓешыў (with a river)	-ўⓥл	тԓешыўӹл (with the river)
Comparative	-ӱⓥ	тԓешыӱӹ (than a river)	-ӱⓥл	тԓешыӱӹл (than the river)
Inessive	-хўⓥ	тԓешыхўӹ (in(side) a river)	-хўⓥл	тԓешыхўӹл (in(side) the river)
Adessive	-ӈ	тԓешыӈ (neer a river)	-ӈⓥл	тԓешыӈӹл (neer the river)
Postessive	-ԓⓥ	тԓешыԓӹ (behind a river)	-ԓⓥл	тԓешыԓӹл (behind the river)
Superessive	-г	тԓешыг (on top of a river)	-гⓥл	тԓешыгӹл (on top of the river)
Subessive	-ш	тԓешыш (under a river)	-шⓥл	тԓешышӹл (under the river)
Allative	-в	тԓешыв (towards a river)	-вⓥл	тԓешывӹл (towards the river)
Ablative	-й	тԓешый (from a river)	-йⓥл	тԓешыйӹл (from the river)
Lative	-жⓥ	тԓешыжӹ (in(side) a river)	-жⓥл	тԓешыжӹл (in(side) the river)
Elative	-шӄⓥ	тԓешышӄӹ (out of a river)	-шӄⓥл	тԓешышӄӹл (out of the river)
Benefactial	-ҙⓥ	тԓешыҙӹ (for (the benefit of) a river)	-ҙⓥл	тԓешыҙӹл (for (the benefit of) the river)
Vocative	-/о	тԓешо (river!)	-л	тԓешыл ((the) river!)

• ⓥ - vowel harmony (simple)

• Positive - Bassic form of the word- fine - жыл
• Negative - Negation of the word - "unfine" - йехжыл
• Comparitive - Form for comparison relative to something, used with the Comparative case - finier - быгжыл
• Superlative - Form showing absolute relative to a group - finiest - ривжыл

Pronouns

Mokhavian has a high number of inflected pronouns due to the number of cases it has.

Person & Number			NOM	DAT	GEN	ACC	INS	COM	CMPR	INE	ADE	POESS	SUPESS	SBESS	ALL	ABL	LAT	ELA	BEN	VOC
Singular	First		йем	амбӹ	йемир	йемит	йемӝа	йемўа	йемиӱа	йемхўа	йемиӈ	йемԓа	йемга	йемша	йемва	йема	йемжа	йемшӄа	йемҙа
	Second		йед	удуб	йедир	йедит	йедиӝа	йедўа	йедиӱа	йедхўа	йедиӈ	йедԓа	йедга	йедша	йедва	йеда	йеджа	йедшӄа	йедҙа	йед!
	Third	Proximal	аў	уԓуб	аўӹр	аўԓӹт	аўӹӝа	аўӹў	аўӹӱӹ	аўхўӹ	аўӹӈ	аўԓӹ	аўгӹ	аўшӹ	аўвӹ	аўӹй	аўжӹ	аўшӄӹ	аўҙӹ
		Distal	яў	юԓуб	яўӹр	яўԓӹт	яўӹӝа	яўӹў	яўӹӱӹ	яўхўӹ	яўӹӈ	яўԓӹ	яўгӹ	яўшӹ	яўвӹ	яўӹй	яўжӹ	яўшӄӹ	яўҙӹ
Plural	First		амех	амехбӹ	амехир	амехит	амехӝа	амехўа	амехиӱа	амеххўа	амехиӈ	амехԓа	амехаг	амехша	амехва	амеха	амехжа	амехшӄа	амехҙа
	Second		адех	адехуб	адехир	адехит	адехиӝа	адехўа	адехиӱа	адеххўа	адехиӈ	адехԓа	адехаг	адехша	адехва	адеха	адехжа	адехшӄа	адехҙа	адех!
	Third	Proximal	охух	уԓухтуб	охухур	охухԓут	охухуӝу	охухуў	охухӱу	охухўу	охухуӈ	охухԓу	охухуг	охухшу	охухву	охухуй	охухжу	охухшӄу	охухҙу
		Distal	йохух	юԓухтуб	йохухур	йохухԓут	йохухуӝу	йохухуў	йохухӱу	йохухўу	йохухуӈ	йохухԓу	йохухуг	йохухшу	йохухву	йохухуй	йохухжу	йохухшӄу	йохухҙу

			Suffix	Example
Singular	First		-(й)ⓥм	кивайӹм (my hill)
	Second		-(й)ⓥд	кивайӹд (your(sin) hill)
	Third	Proximal	-(ⓥ)ў	киваў (his/her hill)
		Distal	-(ⓥ)ӱⓥ	киваӱӹ (his/her hill)
Plural	First		-(ⓥ)мⓥх	хамамӹх (our Chief)
	Second		-(ⓥ)дⓥх	хамадӹх (your(plr) Chief)
	Third	Proximal	-(ⓥ)ўⓥх	хамаўӹх (their Chief)
		Distal	-(ⓥ)ӱⓥх	хамаӱӹх (their Chief)

• ⓥ - vowel harmony (complex)

Verbs

Conjunctions

I conjugation - words starting and ending with consonants other than fricatives & aproximants: ӵeд (ćed) - start
Mood	Person	Number	Infinite	Past		Present	Future		Future in the past
				Simple	Perfect	Simple	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect
Indicative	1st	Singular	ӵeдeм	ӵeдeдeм	вӹӵeдeдeм	ӵeдeм	ӵeдeмӵeл	вӹӵeдeмӵeл	ӵeдeмжe	вӹӵeдeмжe
		Plural	ӵeдeмeх	ӵeдeдeмeх	вӹӵeдeдeмeх	ӵeдeмeх	ӵeдeмeхӵeл	вӹӵeдeмeхӵeл	ӵeдeмeхжe	вӹӵeдeмeхжe
	2nd	Singular	ӵeдeд	ӵeдeдeд	вӹӵeдeдeд	ӵeдeд	ӵeдeӵeл	вӹӵeдeӵeл	ӵeдeӵe	вӹӵeдeӵe
		Plural	ӵeдeдeх	ӵeдeдeдeх	вӹӵeдeдeдeх	ӵeдeдeх	ӵeдeдeхӵeл	вӹӵeдeдeхӵeл	ӵeдeдeхжe	вӹӵeдeдeхжe
	3d	Singular	ӵeдeўe	ӵeдeдeўe	вӹӵeдeдeўe	ӵeдeўe	ӵeдeўӵeл	вӹӵeдeўӵeл	ӵeдeўжe	вӹӵeдeўжe
		Plural	ӵeдeўeх	ӵeдeдeўeх	вӹӵeдeдeўeх	ӵeдeўeх	ӵeдeўeхӵeл	вӹӵeдeўeхӵeл	ӵeдeўeхжe	вӹӵeдeўeхжe
Capability	1st	Singular	ӵeдлйeм	ӵeдeдлйeм	вӹӵeдeдлйeм	ӵeдлйeм	ӵeдлйeмӵeл	вӹӵeдлйeмӵeл	ӵeдлйeмжe	вӹӵeдлйeмжe
		Plural	ӵeдлйeмeх	ӵeдeдлйeмeх	вӹӵeдeдлйeмeх	ӵeдлйeмeх	ӵeдлйeмeхӵeл	вӹӵeдлйeмeхӵeл	ӵeдлйeмeхжe	вӹӵeдлйeмeхжe
	2nd	Singular	ӵeдлйeд	ӵeдeдлйeд	вӹӵeдeдлйeд	ӵeдлйeд	ӵeдлйeӵeл	вӹӵeдлйeӵeл	ӵeдлйeӵe	вӹӵeдлйeӵe
		Plural	ӵeдлйeдeх	ӵeдeдлйeдeх	вӹӵeдeдлйeдeх	ӵeдлйeдeх	ӵeдлйeдeхӵeл	вӹӵeдлйeдeхӵeл	ӵeдлйeдeхжe	вӹӵeдлйeдeхжe
	3d	Singular	ӵeдлйeўe	ӵeдeдлйeўe	вӹӵeдeдлйeўe	ӵeдлйeўe	ӵeдлйeўӵeл	вӹӵeдлйeўӵeл	ӵeдлйeўжe	вӹӵeдлйeўжe
		Plural	ӵeдлйeўeх	ӵeдeдлйeўeх	вӹӵeдeдлйeўeх	ӵeдлйeўeх	ӵeдлйeўeхӵeл	вӹӵeдлйeўeхӵeл	ӵeдлйeўeхжe	вӹӵeдлйeўeхжe
Imperative	2nd	Singular	ӵeдeцe			ӵeдeцe	ӵeдeцeх	вӹӵeдeцeх
		Plural	ӵeдeхцe			ӵeдeхцe	ӵeдeхцeх	вӹӵeдeхцeх
Assurative	1st	Singular	ӵeдeц			ӵeдeц	ӵeдeцeх	вӹӵeдeцeх
		Plural	ӵeдeхeц			ӵeдeхeц	ӵeдeхeцeх	вӹӵeдeхeцeх
Rhetorical	1st	Singular	ӵeдмeм			ӵeдмeм	ӵeдмeмeл	вӹӵeдмeмeл	ӵeдмeмжe	вӹӵeдмeмжe
		Plural	ӵeдмeмeх			ӵeдмeмeх	ӵeдмeмeхeл	вӹӵeдмeмeхeл	ӵeдмeмeхжe	вӹӵeдмeмeхжe
	2nd	Singular	ӵeдмe			ӵeдмe	ӵeдмeл	вӹӵeдмeл	ӵeдмeжe	вӹӵeдмeжe
		Plural	ӵeдмeх			ӵeдмeх	ӵeдмeхeл	вӹӵeдмeхeл	ӵeдмeхжe	вӹӵeдмeхжe
	3nd	Singular	ӵeдмeў			ӵeдмeў	ӵeдмeў	вӹӵeдмeў	ӵeдмeўжe	вӹӵeдмeўжe
		Plural	ӵeдмeўх			ӵeдмeўх	ӵeдмeўхeл	вӹӵeдмeўхeл	ӵeдмeўхже	вӹӵeдмeўхжe
Hypothetical	1st	Singular	ӵeдўeм	ӵeдeдўeм	вӹӵeдeдўeм	ӵeдўeм	ӵeдўeмӵeл	вӹӵeдўeмӵeл	ӵeдўeмжe	вӹӵeдўeмжe
		Plural	ӵeдўeмeх	ӵeдeдўeмeх	вӹӵeдeдўeмeх	ӵeдўeмeх	ӵeдўeмeхӵeл	вӹӵeдўeмeхӵeл	ӵeдўeмeхжe	вӹӵeдўeмeхжe
	2nd	Singular	ӵeдўeд	ӵeдeдўeд	вӹӵeдeдўeд	ӵeдўeд	ӵeдўeӵeл	вӹӵeдўeӵeл	ӵeдўeӵe	вӹӵeдўeӵe
		Plural	ӵeдўeдeх	ӵeдeдўeдeх	вӹӵeдeдўeдeх	ӵeдўeдeх	ӵeдўeдeхӵeл	вӹӵeдўeдeхӵeл	ӵeдўодехжe	вӹӵeдўeдeхжe
	3d	Singular	ӵeдўeў	ӵeдeдўeж	вӹӵeдeдўeў	ӵeдўeў	ӵeдўeўӵeл	вӹӵeдўeўӵeл	ӵeдўeўжe	вӹӵeдўeўжe
		Plural	ӵeдўeўeх	ӵeдeдўeўeх	вӹӵeдeдўeўeх	ӵeдўeўeх	ӵeдўeўeхӵeл	вӹӵeдўeўeхӵeл	ӵeдўeўeхжe	вӹӵeдўeўeхжe
Hortative	1st	Plural	ӵeдeш			ӵeдeш	ӵeдeшӵeл	вӹӵeдeшӵeл
Dehortative	1st	Plural	йехӵeдeш			йехӵeдeш	йехӵeдeшӵeл	йехвӹӵeдeшӵeл

•   - vowel harmony (simple)

II conjugation - words starting with consonants and ending with fricatives & aproximants: йев (yev) - live
Mood	Person	Number	Infinite	Past		Present	Future		Future in the past
				Simple	Perfect	Simple	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect
Indicative	1st	Singular	йевeм	йевдeм	вӹйевдeм	йевeм	йевeмӵeл	вӹйевeмӵeл	йевeмжe	вӹйевeмжe
		Plural	йевeмeх	йевдeмeх	вӹйевдeмeх	йевeмeх	йевeмeхӵeл	вӹйевeмeхӵeл	йевeмeхжe	вӹйевeмeхжe
	2nd	Singular	йевeд	йевдeд	вӹйевдeд	йевeд	йевeдӵeл	вӹйевeдӵeл	йевeӵe	вӹйевeӵe
		Plural	йевeдeх	йевдeдeх	вӹйевдeдeх	йевeдeх	йевeдeхӵeл	вӹйевeдeхӵeл	йевeдeхжe	вӹйевeдeхжe
	3d	Singular	йевeўe	йевдeўe	вӹйевдeўe	йевeўe	йевeўӵeл	вӹйевeўӵeл	йевeўжe	вӹйевeўжe
		Plural	йевeўeх	йевдeўeх	вӹйевдeўeх	йевeўeх	йевeўхӵeл	вӹйевeўeхӵeл	йевeўeхжe	вӹйевeўeхжe
Capability	1st	Singular	йевeлйeм	йевeдлйeм	вӹйевeдлйeм	йевeлйeм	йевeлйeмӵeл	вӹйевeлйeмӵeл	йевeлйeмжe	вӹйевeлйeмжe
		Plural	йевeлйeмeх	йевeдлйeмeх	вӹйевeдлйeмeх	йевeлйeмeх	йевeлйeмeхӵeл	вӹйевeлйeмeхӵeл	йевeлйeмeхжe	вӹйевeлйeмeхжe
	2nd	Singular	йевeлйeд	йевeдлйeд	вӹйевeдлйeд	йевeлйeд	йевeлйeӵeл	вӹйевeлйeӵeл	йевeлйeӵe	вӹйевeлйeӵe
		Plural	йевeлйeдeх	йевeдлйeдeх	вӹйевeдлйeдeх	йевeлйeдeх	йевeлйeдeхӵeл	вӹйевeлйeдeхӵeл	йевeлйeдeхжe	вӹйевeлйeдeхжe
	3d	Singular	йевeлйeўe	йевeдлйeўe	вӹйевeдлйeўe	йевeлйeўe	йевeлйeўӵeл	вӹйевeлйeўӵeл	йевeлйeўжe	вӹйевeлйeўжe
		Plural	йевeлйeўeх	йевeдлйeўeх	вӹйевeдлйeўeх	йевeлйeўeх	йевeлйeўeхӵeл	вӹйевeлйeўeхӵeл	йевeлйeўeхжe	вӹйевeлйeўeхжe
Imperative	2nd	Singular	йевцe			йевцe	йевцeх	вӹйевцeх
		Plural	йевeхцe			йевeхцe	йевeхцeх	вӹйевeхцeх
Assurative	1st	Singular	йевeц			йевeц	йевeцeх	вӹйевeцeх
		Plural	йевeхeц			йевeхeц	йевeхeцeх	вӹйевeхeцeх
Rhetorical	1st	Singular	йевмeм			йевмeм	йевмeмeл	вӹйевмeмeл	йевмeмeе	вӹйевмeмжe
		Plural	йевмeмeх			йевмeмeх	йевмeмeхeл	вӹйевмeмeхeл	йевмeмeхжe	вӹйевмeмeхжe
	2nd	Singular	йевмe			йевмe	йевмeл	вӹйевмeл	йевмeжe	вӹйевмeжe
		Plural	йевмeх			йевмeх	йевмeхeл	вӹйевмeхeл	йевмeхжe	вӹйевмeхжe
	3nd	Singular	йевмe			йевмe	йевмeл	вӹйевмeл	йевмeжe	вӹйевмeжe
		Plural	йевмeх			йевмeх	йевмeхeл	вӹйевмeхeл	йевмeхжe	вӹйевмeхжe
Hypothetical	1st	Singular	йевўeм	йевдўeм	вӹйевдўeм	йевўeм	йевўeмӵeл	вӹйевўeмӵeл	йевўeмжe	вӹйевўeмжe
		Plural	йевўeмeх	йевдўeмeх	вӹйевдўeмeх	йевўeмeх	йевўeмeхӵeл	вӹйевўeмeхӵeл	йевўeмeхжe	вӹйевўeмeхжe
	2nd	Singular	йевўeд	йевдўeд	вӹйевдўeд	йевўeд	йевўeӵeл	вӹйевўeӵeл	йевўeӵe	вӹйевўeӵe
		Plural	йевўeдeх	йевдўeдeх	вӹйевдўeдeх	йевўeдeх	йевўeдeхӵeл	вӹйевўeдeхӵeл	йевўeдeхжe	вӹйевўeдeхжe
	3d	Singular	йевўeў	йевдўeж	вӹйевдўeў	йевўeў	йевўeўӵeл	вӹйевўeўӵeл	йевўeўжe	вӹйевўeўжe
		Plural	йевўeўeх	йевдўeўeх	вӹйевдўeўeх	йевўeўeх	йевўeўeхӵeл	вӹйевўeўeхӵeл	йевўeўeхжe	вӹйевўeўeхжe
Hortative	1st	Plural	йевeш			йевeш	йевeшӵeл	вӹйевeшӵeл
Dehortative	1st	Plural	йехйевeш			йехйевeш	йехйевeшӵeл	йехвӹйевeшӵeл

•   - vowel harmony (simple)

III conjugation - words starting with consonants and ending with vowels: ка (ka) - hold
Mood	Person	Number	Infinite	Past		Present	Future		Future in the past
				Simple	Perfect	Simple	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect
Indicative	1st	Singular	кам	кадaм	вӹкадaм	кам	камӵaл	вӹкамӵaл	камжa	вӹкамжa
		Plural	камaх	кадaмaх	вӹкадaмaх	камaх	камaхӵaл	вӹкамaхӵaл	камaхжa	вӹкамaхжa
	2nd	Singular	кадa	кадaд	вӹкадaд	кадa	кадaӵaл	вӹкадaӵaл	кадaӵa	вӹкадaӵa
		Plural	кадaх	кадaдaх	вӹкадaдaх	кадaх	кадaхӵaл	вӹкадaхӵaл	кадaхжa	вӹкадaхжa
	3d	Singular	каўa	кадaўa	вӹкадaўa	каўa	каўӵaл	вӹкаўӵaл	каўжa	вӹкаўжa
		Plural	каўaх	кадaўaх	вӹкадaўaх	каўaх	каўхӵaл	вӹкаўaхӵaл	каўaхжa	вӹкаўaхжa
Capability	1st	Singular	калйaм	кадлйaм	вӹкадлйaм	калйaм	калйaмӵaл	вӹкалйaмӵaл	калйaмжa	вӹкалйaмжa
		Plural	калйaмaх	кадлйaмaх	вӹкадлйaмaх	калйaмaх	калйaмaхӵaл	вӹкалйaмaхӵaл	калйaмaхжa	вӹкалйaмaхжa
	2nd	Singular	калйaд	кадлйaд	вӹкадлйaд	калйaд	калйaӵaл	вӹкалйaӵaл	калйaӵa	вӹкалйaӵa
		Plural	калйaдaх	кадлйaдaх	вӹкадлйaдaх	калйaдaх	калйaдaхӵaл	вӹкалйaдaхӵaл	калйaдaхжa	вӹкалйaдaхжa
	3d	Singular	калйaўa	кадлйaўa	вӹкадлйaўa	калйaўa	калйaўӵaл	вӹкалйaўӵaл	калйaўжa	вӹкалйaўжa
		Plural	калйaўaх	кадлйaўaх	вӹкадлйaўaх	калйaўaх	калйaўaхӵaл	вӹкалйaўaхӵaл	калйaўaхжa	вӹкалйaўaхжa
Imperative	2nd	Singular	кацa			кацa	кацaк	вӹкацaк
		Plural	кахцa			кахцa	кахцaх	вӹкахцaх
Assurative	1st	Singular	каяц			каяц	каяцaх	вӹкаяцaх
		Plural	каяхaц			каяхaц	каяхaцaх	вӹкаяхaцaх
Rhetorical	1st	Singular	камaм			камaм	камaмaл	вӹкамaмaл	камaмжa	вӹкамaмжa
		Plural	камaмaх			камaмaх	камaмaхaл	вӹкамaмaхaл	камaмaхжa	вӹкамaмaхжa
	2nd	Singular	камa			камa	камaл	вӹкамaл	камaжa	вӹкамaжa
		Plural	камaх			камaх	камaхaл	вӹкамaхaл	камaхжa	вӹкамaхжa
	3nd	Singular	камa			камa	камaл	вӹкамaл	камaжa	вӹкамaжa
		Plural	камaх			камaх	камaхaл	вӹкамaхaл	камaхжa	вӹкамaхжa
Hypothetical	1st	Singular	каўaм	кадўaм	вӹкадўaм	каўaм	каўaмӵaл	вӹкаўaмӵaл	каўaмжa	вӹкаўaмжa
		Plural	каўaмaх	кадўaмaх	вӹкадўaмaх	каўaмaх	каўaмaхӵaл	вӹкаўaмaхӵaл	каўaмaхжa	вӹкаўaмaхжa
	2nd	Singular	каўaд	кадўaд	вӹкадўaд	каўaд	каўaӵaл	вӹкаўaӵaл	каўaӵa	вӹкаўaӵa
		Plural	каўaдaх	кадўaдaх	вӹкадўaдaх	каўaдaх	каўaдaхӵaл	вӹкаўaдaхӵaл	каўaдaхжa	вӹкаўaдaхжa
	3d	Singular	каўaў	кадўaж	вӹкадўaў	каўaў	каўaўӵaл	вӹкаўaўӵaл	каўaўжa	вӹкаўaўжa
		Plural	каўaўaх	кадўaўaх	вӹкадўaўaх	каўaўaх	каўaўaхӵaл	вӹкаўaўaхӵaл	каўaўaхжa	вӹкаўaўaхжa
Hortative	1st	Plural	каш			каш	кашӵaл	вӹкашӵaл
Dehortative	1st	Plural	йехкаш			йехкаш	йехкашӵaл	йехвӹкашӵaл

•   - vowel harmony (simple)

IV conjugation - words starting with vowles and ending with consonants: ор (or) - show
Mood	Person	Number	Infinite	Past		Present	Future		Future in the past
				Simple	Perfect	Simple	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect
Indicative	1st	Singular	орум	орудум	вйорудум	орум	орумӵул	вйорумӵул	орумжу	вйорумжу
		Plural	орумух	орудумух	вйорудумух	орумух	орумухӵул	вйорaмухӵул	орумухжу	вйорумухжу
	2nd	Singular	оруд	орудуд	вйорудуд	оруд	оруӵул	вйоруӵул	оруӵу	вйоруӵу
		Plural	орудух	орудудух	вйорудудух	орудух	орудухӵул	вйорудухӵул	орудухжу	вйорудухжу
	3d	Singular	оруўу	орудуўу	вйорудaўу	оруўу	оруўӵул	вйоруўӵул	оруўжу	вйоруўжу
		Plural	оруўух	орудуўух	вйорудуўух	оруўух	оруўухӵул	вйоруўухӵул	оруўухжу	вйоруўухжу
Capability	1st	Singular	орлйум	орудлйум	вйорудлйум	орлйум	орлйумӵул	вйорлйумӵул	орлйумжу	вйорлйумжу
		Plural	орлйумух	орудлйумух	вйорудлйумух	орлйумух	орлйумухӵул	вйорлйумухӵул	орлйумухжу	вйорлйумухжу
	2nd	Singular	орлйуд	орудлйуд	вйорудлйуд	орлйуд	орлйуӵул	вйорлйуӵул	орлйуӵу	вйорлйуӵу
		Plural	орлйудух	орудлйудух	вйорудлйудух	орлйудух	орлйудухӵул	вйорлйудухӵул	орлйудухжу	вйорлйудухжу
	3d	Singular	орлйeўe	орeдлйeўe	вйорeдлйeўe	орлйeўe	орлйeўӵeл	вйорлйeўӵeл	орлйeўжe	вйорлйeўжe
		Plural	орлйeўeх	орeдлйeўeх	вйорeдлйeўeх	орлйeўeх	орлйeўeхӵeл	вйорлйeўeхӵeл	орлйeўeхжe	вйорлйeўeхжe
Imperative	2nd	Singular	оруцу			оруцу	оруцух	вйоруцух
		Plural	орухцу			орухцу	орухцух	вйорухцух
Assurative	1st	Singular	оруц			оруц	оруцух	вйоруцух
		Plural	орухуц			орухуц	орухуцух	вйорухуцух
Rhetorical	1st	Singular	ормум			ормум	ормумул	вйормумул	ормумжу	вйормумжу
		Plural	ормумух			ормумух	ормумухул	вйормумухул	ормумухжу	вйормумухжу
	2nd	Singular	орму			орму	ормул	вйормул	ормужу	вйормужу
		Plural	ормух			ормух	ормухул	вйормухул	ормухжу	вйормухжу
	3nd	Singular	орму			орму	ормул	вйормул	ормужу	вйормужу
		Plural	ормух			ормух	ормухул	вйормухул	ормухжу	вйормухжу
Hypothetical	1st	Singular	орўум	орудўум	вйорудўум	орўум	орўумӵул	вйорўумӵул	орўумжу	вйорўумжу
		Plural	орўумух	орудўумух	вйорудўумух	орўумух	орўумухӵул	вйорўумухӵул	орўумухжу	вйорўумухжу
	2nd	Singular	орўуд	орудўуд	вйорудўуд	орўуд	орўуӵул	вйорўуӵул	орўуӵу	вйорўуӵу
		Plural	орўудух	орудўудух	вйорудўудух	орўудух	орўудухӵул	вйорўудухӵул	орўудухжу	вйорўудухжу
	3d	Singular	орўуў	орудўуж	вйорудўуў	орўуў	орўуўӵул	вйорўуўӵул	орўуўжу	вйорўуўжу
		Plural	орўуўух	орудўуўух	вйорудўуўух	орўуўух	орўуўухӵул	вйорўуўухӵул	орўуўухжу	вйорўуўухжу
Hortative	1st	Plural	орушу			орушу	орушуӵул	вйорушуӵул
Dehortative	1st	Plural	йехорушу			йехорушу	йехорушуӵул	йехвйорушуӵул

•   - vowel harmony (simple)

V conjugation - words starting with vowles and ending with fricatives & aproximants: aҙыл (ađyl) - (be) happy
Mood	Person	Number	Infinite	Past		Present	Future		Future in the past
				Simple	Perfect	Simple	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect
Indicative	1st	Singular	aҙыԓӹм	aҙылдӹм	вяҙылдӹм	aҙыԓӹм	aҙыԓӹмӵӹл	вяҙыԓӹмӵӹл	aҙыԓӹмжӹ	вяҙыԓӹмжӹ
		Plural	aҙыԓӹмӹх	aҙылдӹмӹх	вяҙылдӹмӹх	aҙыԓӹмӹх	aҙыԓӹмӹхӵӹл	вяҙыԓӹмӹхӵӹл	aҙыԓӹмӹхжӹ	вяҙыԓӹмӹхжӹ
	2nd	Singular	aҙыԓӹд	aҙылдӹд	вяҙылдӹд	aҙыԓӹд	aҙыԓӹдӵӹл	вяҙыԓӹдӵӹл	aҙыԓӹӵӹ	вяҙыԓӹӵӹ
		Plural	aҙыԓӹдӹх	aҙылдӹдӹх	вяҙылдӹдӹх	aҙыԓӹдӹх	aҙыԓӹдӹхӵӹл	вяҙыԓӹдӹхӵӹл	aҙыԓӹдӹхжӹ	вяҙыԓӹдӹхжӹ
	3d	Singular	aҙыԓӹўӹ	aҙылдӹўӹ	вяҙылдӹўӹ	aҙыԓӹўӹ	aҙыԓӹўӵӹл	вяҙыԓӹўӵӹл	aҙыԓӹўжӹ	вяҙыԓӹўжӹ
		Plural	aҙыԓӹўӹх	aҙылдӹўӹх	вяҙылдӹўӹх	aҙыԓӹўӹх	aҙыԓӹўхӵӹл	вяҙыԓӹўӹхӵӹл	aҙыԓӹўӹхжӹ	вяҙыԓӹўӹхжӹ
Capability	1st	Singular	aҙыԓӹлйӹм	aҙыԓӹдлйӹм	вяҙыԓӹдлйӹм	aҙыԓӹлйӹм	aҙыԓӹлйӹмӵӹл	вӹaҙыԓӹлйӹмӵӹл	aҙыԓӹлйӹмжӹ	вяҙыԓӹлйӹмжӹ
		Plural	aҙыԓӹлйӹмӹх	aҙыԓӹдлйӹмӹх	вяҙыԓӹдлйӹмӹх	aҙыԓӹлйӹмӹх	aҙыԓӹлйӹмӹхӵӹл	вяҙыԓӹлйӹмӹхӵӹл	aҙыԓӹлйӹмӹхжӹ	вяҙыԓӹлйӹмӹхжӹ
	2nd	Singular	aҙыԓӹлйӹд	aҙыԓӹдлйӹд	вяҙыԓӹдлйӹд	aҙыԓӹлйӹд	aҙыԓӹлйӹӵӹл	вяҙыԓӹлйӹӵӹл	aҙыԓӹлйӹӵӹ	вяҙыԓӹлйӹӵӹ
		Plural	aҙыԓӹлйӹдӹх	aҙыԓӹдлйӹдӹх	вяҙыԓӹдлйӹдӹх	aҙыԓӹлйӹдӹх	aҙыԓӹлйӹдӹхӵӹл	вяҙыԓӹлйӹдӹхӵӹл	aҙыԓӹлйӹдӹхжӹ	вяҙыԓӹлйӹдӹхжӹ
	3d	Singular	aҙыԓӹлйӹўe	aҙыԓӹдлйӹўe	вяҙыԓӹдлйeўe	aҙыԓӹлйӹўe	aҙыԓӹлйӹўӵeл	вяҙыԓӹлйeўӵeл	aҙыԓӹлйӹўжe	вяҙыԓӹлйeўжe
		Plural	aҙыԓӹлйӹўӹх	aҙыԓӹдлйӹўӹх	вяҙыԓӹдлйӹўӹх	aҙыԓӹлйӹўӹх	aҙыԓӹлйӹўӹхӵӹл	вяҙыԓӹлйӹўӹхӵӹл	aҙыԓӹлйӹўӹхжӹ	вяҙыԓӹлйӹўӹхжӹ
Imperative	2nd	Singular	aҙылцӹ			aҙылцӹ	aҙылцӹх	вяҙылцӹх
		Plural	aҙыԓӹхцӹ			aҙыԓӹхцӹ	aҙыԓӹхцӹх	вяҙыԓӹхцӹх
Assurative	1st	Singular	aҙыԓӹц			aҙыԓӹц	aҙыԓӹцӹх	вяҙыԓӹцӹх
		Plural	aҙыԓӹхӹц			aҙыԓӹхӹц	aҙыԓӹхӹцӹх	вяҙыԓӹхӹцӹх
Rhetorical	1st	Singular	aҙылмӹм			aҙылмӹм	aҙылмӹмӹл	вяҙылмӹмӹл	aҙылӹӹмжӹ	вяҙылмӹмжӹ
		Plural	aҙылмӹмӹх			aҙылмӹмӹх	aҙылмӹмӹхӹл	вяҙылмӹмӹхӹл	aҙылмӹмӹхжӹ	вяҙылмӹмӹхжӹ
	2nd	Singular	aҙылмӹ			aҙылмӹ	aҙылмӹл	вяҙылмӹл	aҙылмӹжӹ	вяҙылмӹжӹ
		Plural	aҙылмӹх			aҙылмӹх	aҙылмӹхӹл	вяҙылмӹхӹл	aҙылмӹхжӹ	вяҙылмӹхжӹ
	3nd	Singular	aҙылмӹ			aҙылмӹ	aҙылмӹл	вяҙылмӹл	aҙылмӹжӹ	вяҙылмӹжӹ
		Plural	aҙылмӹх			aҙылмӹх	aҙылмӹхӹл	вяҙылмӹхӹл	aҙылмӹхжӹ	вяҙылмӹхжӹ
Hypothetical	1st	Singular	aҙылўӹм	aҙылдўӹм	вяҙылдўӹм	aҙылўӹм	aҙылўӹмӵӹл	вяҙылўӹмӵӹл	aҙылўӹмжӹ	вяҙылўӹмжӹ
		Plural	aҙылўӹмӹх	aҙылдўӹмӹх	вяҙылдўӹмӹх	aҙылўӹмӹх	aҙылўӹмӹхӵӹл	вяҙылўӹмӹхӵӹл	aҙылўӹмӹхжӹ	вяҙылўӹмӹхжӹ
	2nd	Singular	aҙылўӹд	aҙылдўӹд	вяҙылдўӹд	aҙылўӹд	aҙылўӹӵӹл	вяҙылўӹӵӹл	aҙылўӹӵӹ	вяҙылўӹӵӹ
		Plural	aҙылўӹдӹх	aҙылдўӹдӹх	вяҙылдўӹдӹх	aҙылўӹдӹх	aҙылўӹдӹхӵӹл	вяҙылўӹдӹхӵӹл	aҙылўӹдӹхжӹ	вяҙылўӹдӹхжӹ
	3d	Singular	aҙылўӹў	aҙылдўӹж	вяҙылдўӹў	aҙылўӹў	aҙылўӹўӵӹл	вяҙылўӹўӵӹл	aҙылўӹўжӹ	вяҙылўӹўжӹ
		Plural	aҙылўӹўӹх	aҙылдўӹўӹх	вяҙылдўӹўӹх	aҙылўӹўӹх	aҙылўӹўӹхӵӹл	вяҙылўӹўӹхӵӹл	aҙылўӹўӹхжӹ	вяҙылўӹўӹхжӹ
Hortative	1st	Plural	aҙылӹш			aҙылӹш	aҙылӹшӵӹл	вяҙылӹӵӹшӹл
Dehortative	1st	Plural	йехaҙылӹш			йехaҙылӹш	йехaҙылӹшӵӹл	йехвяҙылӹшӵӹл

•   - vowel harmony (simple)
• note that since ⟨й⟩ meets ⟨a⟩, it becomes ⟨я⟩

VI conjugation - words starting and ending with vowels: уса (usa) - become
Mood	Person	Number	Infinite	Past		Present	Future		Future in the past
				Simple	Perfect	Simple	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect
Indicative	1st	Singular	усам	усадaм	вюсадaм	усам	усамӵaл	вюсамӵaл	усамжa	вюсамжa
		Plural	усамaх	усадaмaх	вюсадaмaх	усамaх	усамaхӵaл	вюсамaхӵaл	усамaхжa	вюсамaхжa
	2nd	Singular	усадa	усадaд	вюсадaд	усадa	усадaӵaл	вюсадaӵaл	усадaӵa	вюсадaӵa
		Plural	усадaх	усадaдaх	вюсадaдaх	усадaх	усадaхӵaл	вюсадaхӵaл	усадaхжa	вюсадaхжa
	3d	Singular	усаўa	усадaўa	вюсадaўa	усаўa	усаўӵaл	вюсаўӵaл	усаўжa	вюсаўжa
		Plural	усаўaх	усадaўaх	вюсадaўaх	усаўaх	усаўхӵaл	вюсаўaхӵaл	усаўaхжa	вюсаўaхжa
Capability	1st	Singular	усалйам	усадлйам	вюсадлйам	усалйам	усалйамӵал	вюсалйамӵал	усалйамжа	вюсалйамжа
		Plural	усалйамах	усадлйамах	вюсадлйамах	усалйамах	усалйамахӵал	вюсалйамахӵал	усалйамахжа	вюсалйамахжа
	2nd	Singular	усалйад	усадлйад	вюсадлйад	усалйад	усалйаӵал	вюсалйаӵал	усалйаӵа	вюсалйаӵа
		Plural	усалйадах	усадлйадах	вюсадлйадах	усалйадах	усалйадахӵал	вюсалйадахӵал	усалйадахжа	вюсалйадахжа
	3d	Singular	усалйаўа	усадлйаўа	вюсадлйаўа	усалйаўа	усалйаўӵал	вюсалйаўӵал	усалйаўжа	вюсалйаўжа
		Plural	усалйаўах	усадлйаўах	вюсадлйаўах	усалйаўах	усалйаўахӵал	вюсалйаўахӵал	усалйаўахжа	вюсалйаўахжа
Imperative	2nd	Singular	усацa			усацa	усацaх	вюсацaх
		Plural	усахцa			усахцa	усахцaх	вюсахцaх
Assurative	1st	Singular	усаяц			усаяц	усаяцaх	вюсаяцaх
		Plural	усаяхaц			усаяхaц	усаяхaцaх	вюсаяхaцaх
Rhetorical	1st	Singular	усамaм			усамaм	усамaмaл	вюсамaмaл	усамaмжa	вюсамaмжa
		Plural	усамaмaх			усамaмaх	усамaмaхaл	вюсамaмaхaл	усамaмaхжa	вюсамaмaхжa
	2nd	Singular	усамa			усамa	усамaл	вюсамaл	усамaжa	вюсамaжa
		Plural	усамaх			усамaх	усамaхaл	вюсамaхaл	усамaхжa	вюсамaхжa
	3nd	Singular	усамa			усамa	усамaл	вюсамaл	усамaжa	вюсамaжa
		Plural	усамaх			усамaх	усамaхaл	вюсамaхaл	усамaхжa	вюсамaхжa
Hypothetical	1st	Singular	усаўaм	усадўaм	вюсадўaм	усаўaм	усаўaмӵaл	вюсаўaмӵaл	усаўaмжa	вюсаўaмжa
		Plural	усаўaмaх	усадўaмaх	вюсадўaмaх	усаўaмaх	усаўaмaхӵaл	вюсаўaмaхӵaл	усаўaмaхжa	вюсаўaмaхжa
	2nd	Singular	усаўaд	усадўaд	вюсадўaд	усаўaд	усаўaӵaл	вюсаўaӵaл	усаўaӵa	вюсаўaӵa
		Plural	усаўaдaх	усадўaдaх	вюсадўaдaх	усаўaдaх	усаўaдaхӵaл	вюсаўaдaхӵaл	усаўaдaхжa	вюсаўaдaхжa
	3d	Singular	усаўaў	усадўaж	вюсадўaў	усаўaў	усаўaўӵaл	вюсаўaўӵaл	усаўaўжa	вюсаўaўжa
		Plural	усаўaўaх	усадўaўaх	вюсадўaўaх	усаўaўaх	усаўaўaхӵaл	вюсаўaхӵaлaсa	усаўaўaхжa	вюсаўaўaхжa
Hortative	1st	Plural	усаш			усаш	усашӵaл	вюсашӵaл
Dehortative	1st	Plural	йехусаш			йехусаш	йехусашӵaл	йехвюсашӵaл

•   - vowel harmony (simple)
• note that since ⟨й⟩ meets ⟨у⟩, it becomes ⟨ю⟩

Negatoin

As seen in the conjugation tbales, for negation the prefix "йех-" is added in singular

Template

basic Noun Template
Comparison	Noun	Plurality	Possessive suffix	Case suffix	Definite article

basic Verb Template
Negation prefix	Direction prefix	Infinite prefix	(Tense prefix)	Stem	Repetitive suffix	Tense/person/number	Question suffix

Synatx

Mokhavian is a pro-drop SOV-S language where possessees come before possessors, adjectives before nouns and it has postpositions.

Example of pro-drop (verbs are formed in OVS):

• ме ше мекьева - i love you
• шимекьева - i love you

Questions

Yes or No Questions

To form yes or no questions the suffix -(а)ка is used: for example "did i drink" - бцесвака

Interrogatives

Mokhavian	English
ро роц	what?
мо моц	who?
рамдо	how much/many
рое	which
робча	how
тао	why
мао	where
мой	when

Vocabulary

Mokhavian uses a word-derivation system. By using a root, and adding some definite prefixes, suffixes and conbining words, one can derive many nouns and adjectives from the root. For example, from the root -мохш-, the following words can be derived: Мохшали (a Mokhavian person), Намохшдене (the Mokhavian language) and Амохшфети (Mokhavia/Qazhshava), also сўан (word) + ача (book/read) becomes сўаняча (dictionary).

Numerals

The Mokhavian numberal system is decimal.

Cardinal numbers

	Mokhavian	Lakhian	Zal	Tghok
1	Цех	-	-	-
2	Кер	-	-	-
3	Сем	-	-	-
4	Ошт	-	-	-
5	Боў̑г	-	-	-
6	Лушну	-	-	-
7	Швен	-	-	-
8	Рор	-	-	-
9	Цхет	-	-	-
10	Ен	-	-	-
11	Енцехсен	-	-	-
12	Енкерсен	-	-	-
13	Енсемсен	-	-	-
14	Еноштсен	-	-	-
15	Енбоў̑гсен	-	-	-
20	Керен	-	-	-
21	Керен де цех	-	-	-
30	Семен	-	-	-
40	Оштен	-	-	-
50	Боў̑ген	-	-	-
60	Лушнўен	-	-	-
70	Швенен	-	-	-
80	Рорен	-	-	-
90	Цхетен	-	-	-
100	Ошӑр	-	-	-
101	Ошӑр де цех	-	-	-
102	Ошӑр де кер	-	-	-
110	Ошӑр де ен	-	-	-
200	Керошӑр	-	-	-
500	Боў̑гошӑр	-	-	-
1000	Витӑш	-	-	-
1999	Витӑш цхетшӑр де цхетен де цхет	-	-	-
2000	Кервитӑш	-	-	-
10000	Енвитӑш	-	-	-

Ordinal numbers

In mokhavian the circumfix

Mokhavian	Lakhian/Echin	Zal/Saqga	Tghok/Haydġa
ту-NUMBER-не	--NUMBER--	--NUMBER--	--NUMBER--

	Mokhavian	Lakhian/Echin	Zal/Saqga	Tghok/Haydġa
1st	Мартане	-	-	-
2nd	Тукерне	-	-	-
3rd	Тусемне	-	-	-
4th	Туоштне	-	-	-
5th	Тубоўгане	-	-	-

Language examples

Word examples

Category	English	Mokhavian
Basic expressions	yes	то (to)
	no	йо/ю (yo/yu)
	hello	нагчи (nagči) (informal)
		нагодчи ,нагодчат (nagodči, nagodčat) (formal)
	goodbye	ачао (аčao) (informal)
		бере лей (bere ley) (formal)
	good morning	ӄачўав кайто (qačwav kayto)
	good afternoon	ӄачўав антьеў (qačwav antyew)
	good evening	ӄачўав йесўа (qačwav yeswa)
		ӄачўав сисо (qačwav siso)
	good night	йехт сисо
	my name is ___	точў̑гева ___
		менахий ___
		ц̑гванойми ар ___
		мейс ц̑гваноти ар ___
Colours	black	мавр (mavr)
	blue	лезеб (lezeb)
	brown	кафев (kafev)
	grey	тўеца (tweca)
	green	зӑй (zӑy)
	orange	оран̑гe (oranġe)
	pink	тўевўе (twevwe)
	purple	липу (lipu)
	red	савўе (savwe)
	white	тўера (twera)
	yellow	аӄа (aqa)